Brain;
> Cerebrum
> Cerebellum ‘little brain’
> Truncus cerebri
Scaffolding structures:
Meninges
Three layers for protection and organize flowing into the brain. Get more into the brain less
‘security’.
1. Dura; strict, very thick, blocks everything.
2. Arachnoid; less thick, doesn’t get into the gyri
- Subarachnoid space; filled with CSF
3. Pia; just one layer of cells
Dura matter get thicker in some places;
- Falx cerebral; separates two brain hemispheres
- Tentorium cerebelli; separates cerebrum and cerebellum
Blood perfusion/drainage
CSF supports the brain. Blood serves the oxygen for the brain. 20% of the blood of the heart goes
straight to the brain. Brain gets the blood via the vertebral arteries and the carotid artery, the
converge into the circle of Willis (in basal part of brain). Function of circle of Willis; redundancy
principle; to prevent part of the brain from lacking blood/oxygen (that there is still enough perfusion
of the brain).
Three main arteries from the circle of Willes, have there own place were they perfuse the brain:
Anterior cerebral artery; medial part of the brain
Middle cerebral artery; more lateral parts, especially the basal ganglia
Posterior cerebral artery; goes to the back, the occipital cortex for example
When blood is used it is taken away with CSF into the sinuses.
Ventricles
Shapes are quite typical. Ventricles are not empty they are filled with CSF, just like subarachnoid
space. Production CSF is the choroid plexus. Function of CSF; to protect the brain and absorb shock,
to provide nutrition. CSF is not only water also a lot of nutrients; proteins, glucose (really important
for the neurons to be active). Because of CSF brain is suspended/ swimming in the CSF, it floods a
little bit, so all the neurons in the bottom part are not squeezed by the neurons on top (brain around
1 kg). CSF from ventricles to brain and then at a point the CSF gets into the subarachnoid space there
you have granulations, they recycle/drain the CSF by granulations and push it into the sinuses.
Basic division
Embryology
> Cerebrum
> Cerebellum ‘little brain’
> Truncus cerebri
Scaffolding structures:
Meninges
Three layers for protection and organize flowing into the brain. Get more into the brain less
‘security’.
1. Dura; strict, very thick, blocks everything.
2. Arachnoid; less thick, doesn’t get into the gyri
- Subarachnoid space; filled with CSF
3. Pia; just one layer of cells
Dura matter get thicker in some places;
- Falx cerebral; separates two brain hemispheres
- Tentorium cerebelli; separates cerebrum and cerebellum
Blood perfusion/drainage
CSF supports the brain. Blood serves the oxygen for the brain. 20% of the blood of the heart goes
straight to the brain. Brain gets the blood via the vertebral arteries and the carotid artery, the
converge into the circle of Willis (in basal part of brain). Function of circle of Willis; redundancy
principle; to prevent part of the brain from lacking blood/oxygen (that there is still enough perfusion
of the brain).
Three main arteries from the circle of Willes, have there own place were they perfuse the brain:
Anterior cerebral artery; medial part of the brain
Middle cerebral artery; more lateral parts, especially the basal ganglia
Posterior cerebral artery; goes to the back, the occipital cortex for example
When blood is used it is taken away with CSF into the sinuses.
Ventricles
Shapes are quite typical. Ventricles are not empty they are filled with CSF, just like subarachnoid
space. Production CSF is the choroid plexus. Function of CSF; to protect the brain and absorb shock,
to provide nutrition. CSF is not only water also a lot of nutrients; proteins, glucose (really important
for the neurons to be active). Because of CSF brain is suspended/ swimming in the CSF, it floods a
little bit, so all the neurons in the bottom part are not squeezed by the neurons on top (brain around
1 kg). CSF from ventricles to brain and then at a point the CSF gets into the subarachnoid space there
you have granulations, they recycle/drain the CSF by granulations and push it into the sinuses.
Basic division
Embryology
