NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort, – UPDATED Questions
with 100% Verified Answers
Galen College of Nursing-San Antonio
NU 136
NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
Q1 Pain
A - discomfort that interferes with normal activity - considered a vital sign - occurs in
surgery, illness, infection, trauma, fever, cancer, etc - now understood as a condition in
itself - feeling of distress or suffering - can be a warning of tissue damage - considered
subjective data (a symptom not a sign) - transmitted through the nervous system
Q2 The Joint Commission requires....
A - Patient rights to pain assessment and treatment - Pain assessed in all patients - Patient
education on pain and its management - Discharge planning must address pain care needs
Q3 Pain is discomfort caused by stimulation of....
A nerve endings
Q4 Afferent neurons
A These neurons carry signals to the brain & then the pain response follows
Q5 Gate Control Theory (Melzack & Wall, 1965)
Page 1
,NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
A - Pain transmission controlled by a CNS gate - Small fibers (tissue damage) open the gate
- Large fibers (massage, vibration) close the gate - High sensory input (e.g., distraction)
closes gate - Anxiety opens the gate; calmness helps close it
Q6 Endorphins
A - Natural opiate-like peptides - Reduce or block pain perception - Bind to opioid receptors
like morphine - Released by physiologic or psychological stress - Promote pain relief and
well-being
Q7 How is pain classified?
A - Duration - Cause - Type
Q8 Acute pain
A - Short duration, usually related to recent injury or illness - Often only lasts hours to days -
Common causes: burns, fractures, strains, pneumonia, angina, infections, injury, medical
condition, surger7 - Symptoms: aching, throbbing, searing (not letting you touch) - Physical
signs: HR, BP, RR; guarding behavior - Anxiety/fear can intensify pain - Treatable with
analgesics, surgery, or other interventions
Q9 Chronic pain
A - Persists beyond normal healing time and may become its own disease process , may be
lifelong - Lasts more than 3 months - Linked to conditions like arthritis, back pain - May be
dull, constant, shooting, tingling, or burning , unlike acute pain - Vital signs often normal -
Can lead to psychosocial impact and lifestyle changes - Best managed with approaches
combined pharmacologic & nonpharmacologic
Q10 Cancer pain
Page 2
,NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
A - Pain caused by the cancer itself or its treatments - Considered a causative category of pain
Q11 Nociceptive pain
A - Pain from actual or threatened tissue damage activating nociceptors - Often described as
aching, throbbing, or sharp - Results from injury to body tissue such as muscles, joints, or
skin - Often caused by tissue injury to the skin, muscles, joints, and viscera - Common
causes include trauma, burns, and surgery - Involves 4 phases: transduction, transmission,
perception, modulation
Q12 4 phases of nociceptive pain....
A - transduction - transmission - perception - modulation
Q13 Transduction
Page 3
, NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
A - First phase of nociceptive pain - Tissue damage stimulates nociceptors to convert painful
stimuli into electrical signals - Hurt happens Pain sensors yell "OW!" →
Q14 Transmission
A - Second phase of nociceptive pain - Pain signal travels from periphery through spinal cord
to brain via nerve pathways - Signal races Up nerves to brain
Q15 Perception
A - Third phase of nociceptive pain - Brain recognizes and interprets the pain signal as a
conscious experience - Brain gets it You feel "ouch" →
Q16 Modulation
Page 4
NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort, – UPDATED Questions
with 100% Verified Answers
Galen College of Nursing-San Antonio
NU 136
NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
Q1 Pain
A - discomfort that interferes with normal activity - considered a vital sign - occurs in
surgery, illness, infection, trauma, fever, cancer, etc - now understood as a condition in
itself - feeling of distress or suffering - can be a warning of tissue damage - considered
subjective data (a symptom not a sign) - transmitted through the nervous system
Q2 The Joint Commission requires....
A - Patient rights to pain assessment and treatment - Pain assessed in all patients - Patient
education on pain and its management - Discharge planning must address pain care needs
Q3 Pain is discomfort caused by stimulation of....
A nerve endings
Q4 Afferent neurons
A These neurons carry signals to the brain & then the pain response follows
Q5 Gate Control Theory (Melzack & Wall, 1965)
Page 1
,NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
A - Pain transmission controlled by a CNS gate - Small fibers (tissue damage) open the gate
- Large fibers (massage, vibration) close the gate - High sensory input (e.g., distraction)
closes gate - Anxiety opens the gate; calmness helps close it
Q6 Endorphins
A - Natural opiate-like peptides - Reduce or block pain perception - Bind to opioid receptors
like morphine - Released by physiologic or psychological stress - Promote pain relief and
well-being
Q7 How is pain classified?
A - Duration - Cause - Type
Q8 Acute pain
A - Short duration, usually related to recent injury or illness - Often only lasts hours to days -
Common causes: burns, fractures, strains, pneumonia, angina, infections, injury, medical
condition, surger7 - Symptoms: aching, throbbing, searing (not letting you touch) - Physical
signs: HR, BP, RR; guarding behavior - Anxiety/fear can intensify pain - Treatable with
analgesics, surgery, or other interventions
Q9 Chronic pain
A - Persists beyond normal healing time and may become its own disease process , may be
lifelong - Lasts more than 3 months - Linked to conditions like arthritis, back pain - May be
dull, constant, shooting, tingling, or burning , unlike acute pain - Vital signs often normal -
Can lead to psychosocial impact and lifestyle changes - Best managed with approaches
combined pharmacologic & nonpharmacologic
Q10 Cancer pain
Page 2
,NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
A - Pain caused by the cancer itself or its treatments - Considered a causative category of pain
Q11 Nociceptive pain
A - Pain from actual or threatened tissue damage activating nociceptors - Often described as
aching, throbbing, or sharp - Results from injury to body tissue such as muscles, joints, or
skin - Often caused by tissue injury to the skin, muscles, joints, and viscera - Common
causes include trauma, burns, and surgery - Involves 4 phases: transduction, transmission,
perception, modulation
Q12 4 phases of nociceptive pain....
A - transduction - transmission - perception - modulation
Q13 Transduction
Page 3
, NU 136 EXAM 4 - Sleep, Pain, Comfort,
A - First phase of nociceptive pain - Tissue damage stimulates nociceptors to convert painful
stimuli into electrical signals - Hurt happens Pain sensors yell "OW!" →
Q14 Transmission
A - Second phase of nociceptive pain - Pain signal travels from periphery through spinal cord
to brain via nerve pathways - Signal races Up nerves to brain
Q15 Perception
A - Third phase of nociceptive pain - Brain recognizes and interprets the pain signal as a
conscious experience - Brain gets it You feel "ouch" →
Q16 Modulation
Page 4
