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Mary is behavior analyst working at an elementary school. One day, a
special-ed teacher tells her that one of her students hits his own cheek.
When Mary asks the teacher what the antecedents are, the teacher tells
her that it just happens out of the blue. Mary then observes the student
and investigates what is triggering his cheek hitting. Which attitudes of
science does it contribute to?
* Determinism
- which states that every behavior is lawful and it is caused by a reason.
A behavior does not just happen out of the blue.
Steve is a behavior analyst working with Edward, a 12-year old boy with
Autism. Edward engages in the self-injurious behavior of slapping his
face on average of once every 15 minutes. After conducting a functional
analysis, Steve concluded that the behavior was maintained by gaining
attention from others. Which of the following would NOT be an effective
intervention?
* Applying non-contingent reinforcement by providing him attention
every 20 minutes
- if applying NCR, the interval to deliver the reinforcer should be a little
less than 15 minutes
,Example of symmetry
* A spanish teacher shows his students a picture of a house and has
students say "casa". When he says "casa", his students point to the picture
of the house.
- symmetry is a type of stimulus equivalence that shows stimulus
relations of "if A=B, then B=A
During a 60-minute observation, Paul engaged in hand flapping after 10,
16, and 46 minutes respectively. What would be the mean interresponse
time?
* 18 minutes
- There are two interresponse times in this scenario (between 10-16 and
between 16-46) and each interresponse time is 6 minutes and 30
minutes. The mean interresponse time is calculated by (6+30)/2 and the
answer is 18
, Permanent product
- The experimenter can do other tasks while the subject is engaging in a
target behavior
- There is less reactivity
- The result is considered more important than the process
You want to compare the effectiveness of using ice cream, cotton candy
and chocolate as reinforcers for a 4 year old boy by rapidly alternating
the use of each reinforcer. This design is called?
* Simultaneous treatment design
- simultaneous treatment design is implemented by rapidly alternating
the use of 2 or more reinforcers to find out the effectiveness of the
reinforcers. It is also called (alternating treatment design).
Functional analysis
- in the contingent attention condition, if the subject engages in the
target behavior, you should immediately provide attention to them
- Conducting a functional analysis may temporarily reinforce the target
behavior
- it is referred to as analog
- when conducting a functional analysis, you are testing the occurrence
of the target behaviors in a contrived setting