NEURO 548 TEST 1 (MODULES 1-5) VERIFIED CORRECT
COMPLETE SOLUTION 2023 UPDATE
Mycoses
diseases caused by fungi
Dermatophytes
fungi that invade the skin, hair, and nails
what is the most common fungal infection in immunocompromised PTs
(malignancy, HIV, posttransplant)
candida albincans
what kind of infection is malaria
parasitic fungal
what is the cause of most human afflictions
viruses
,_____ are "obligate intracellular parasites." Why?
viruses; b/c of their extreme genetic simplicity they cannot survive
without taking over the host cell
ex's of latent viruses?
varicella enters as chicken pox, becomes latent, reappears later as
shingles
HIV can remain latent for years
generative aka ___
primary lymph organs
what activates lymphoid cells?
they are in a resting state until the foreign pathogen enters and activates
them
what antibody is a dimer?
IgA
,what is the first antibody to respond in an immune response? why?
IgM;
because it is the default antibody produced by naive immunocompetent
B cells. As B cells activate, local factors secreted by other leukocytes,
such as interleukins, trigger class switching. This is where the constant
region changes to IgG, IgA, or IgE.
why does the size of IgM have to do with where it is in the body?
it's size makes it limited mainly to the serum; only low levels are found
outside the vasculature, in the interstitial space.
what is an advantage of producing IgM by default 1st?
One advantage of producing IgM by default is that introduction of new
foreign antigens into the blood stream can be quickly identified by pre-
existing IgM. IgM stays in the serum and is produced even before
primary exposure.
macrophages in the brain
microglial cells
, macrophages in the lung
alveolar macrophages
macrophages in the liver
kupffer cells
macrophages in the kidneys
mesangial phagocytes
macrophages in the lymph nodes
resident and recirculating macrophages
macrophages in the spleen
macrophages
macrophages in the blood
monocytes
COMPLETE SOLUTION 2023 UPDATE
Mycoses
diseases caused by fungi
Dermatophytes
fungi that invade the skin, hair, and nails
what is the most common fungal infection in immunocompromised PTs
(malignancy, HIV, posttransplant)
candida albincans
what kind of infection is malaria
parasitic fungal
what is the cause of most human afflictions
viruses
,_____ are "obligate intracellular parasites." Why?
viruses; b/c of their extreme genetic simplicity they cannot survive
without taking over the host cell
ex's of latent viruses?
varicella enters as chicken pox, becomes latent, reappears later as
shingles
HIV can remain latent for years
generative aka ___
primary lymph organs
what activates lymphoid cells?
they are in a resting state until the foreign pathogen enters and activates
them
what antibody is a dimer?
IgA
,what is the first antibody to respond in an immune response? why?
IgM;
because it is the default antibody produced by naive immunocompetent
B cells. As B cells activate, local factors secreted by other leukocytes,
such as interleukins, trigger class switching. This is where the constant
region changes to IgG, IgA, or IgE.
why does the size of IgM have to do with where it is in the body?
it's size makes it limited mainly to the serum; only low levels are found
outside the vasculature, in the interstitial space.
what is an advantage of producing IgM by default 1st?
One advantage of producing IgM by default is that introduction of new
foreign antigens into the blood stream can be quickly identified by pre-
existing IgM. IgM stays in the serum and is produced even before
primary exposure.
macrophages in the brain
microglial cells
, macrophages in the lung
alveolar macrophages
macrophages in the liver
kupffer cells
macrophages in the kidneys
mesangial phagocytes
macrophages in the lymph nodes
resident and recirculating macrophages
macrophages in the spleen
macrophages
macrophages in the blood
monocytes
