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1. What is the correct IUPAC name for
(CH3)3CCH2CH(CH3)2?
A) 2,4,4-trimethylpentane
B) 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
C) 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
D) 2,4-dimethylhexane
*Rationale: The longest chain containing the most
substituents has 5 carbons (pentane). Numbering
,from the end closest to a branch gives substituents
at C2, C2, and C4. *
2. Which of the following molecules has a net
dipole moment of zero?
A) CHCl3
B) CH2Cl2
C) CCl4
D) cis-1,2-dichloroethene
*Rationale: CCl4 is perfectly tetrahedral, so the
individual C–Cl bond dipoles cancel, resulting in a
nonpolar molecule. *
3. What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom
in the ammonium ion (NH4+)?
A) 0
B) +1
C) -1
D) +2
,*Rationale: Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons. In
NH4+, it has 4 bonds (8 bonding electrons, 4
assigned to N). Formal charge = 5 - 4 = +1. *
4. Which atomic orbitals overlap to form the C–H
sigma bond in methane?
A) sp3 of C with s of H
B) sp3 of C with s of H
C) sp2 of C with s of H
D) p of C with s of H
*Rationale: The carbon in methane is sp3
hybridized. Each sp3 orbital overlaps head-on with
a hydrogen 1s orbital to form a sigma bond. *
5. How many constitutional isomers are there with
the molecular formula C4H10?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
, *Rationale: C4H10 can be either butane (straight
chain) or 2-methylpropane (branched), giving two
constitutional isomers. *
6. Which of the following is a Brønsted-Lowry
base?
A) HCl
B) NH3
C) BF3
D) CH3COOH
*Rationale: NH3 can accept a proton (H+) due to its
lone pair on nitrogen, making it a Brønsted-Lowry
base. *
7. Which compound has the highest boiling point?
A) CH3CH2CH3
B) CH3OCH3
C) CH3CH2OH
D) CH3CH2F
*Rationale: Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) can form
intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which are much