NR 511 Final Actual Questions and Correct Answers
Q1
cervical Spondylosiscervical Spondylosis
Answer: Chronic, degenerative, causes stiffness and pain, very common >50yo S: neck stiffness,
mild aching esp
with activity, trouble turning neck from side to side, limited ROM, Paresthesias follow
dermatomesO:weak shoulder abduction, bicep weakness (c6 involvement), tricep weakness (C7
involvement), myelopathy s/s: leg weakness, gait disturbances, balance problems, impaired fine
motor
loss of bowel and bladder controldx: MRItx: if radiculopathy: cervical traction. physical therapy,
NSAIDs,
oral steroid, steroid epidural injections, surgery (last)edu: 75-90% of pts improve with
conservative tx
Chronic, degenerative, causes stiffness and pain, very common >50yo S: neck stiffness, mild
aching esp
with activity, trouble turning neck from side to side, limited ROM, Paresthesias follow
dermatomesO:weak shoulder abduction, bicep weakness (c6 involvement), tricep weakness (C7
involvement), myelopathy s/s: leg weakness, gait disturbances, balance problems, impaired fine
motor
loss of bowel and bladder controldx: MRItx: if radiculopathy: cervical traction. physical therapy,
NSAIDs,
oral steroid, steroid epidural injections, surgery (last)edu: 75-90% of pts improve with
conservative tx
Q2
s/s and management of sprains
Answer: usually have swelling, pain and disability (or deformity)-1st: stretching of ligamentous
fiberssymptom
Tx-2nd: tear of part of the ligament, with pain and swelling- Immobilization to protect injured part,
but
full healing expected-3rd: complete ligamentous separation-immobilization; possible surgery Hx
of
sudden injury or fall-redness/bruising over the joint, decr A&P ROM,pain with movement of joint
Q3
s/s and management of strains
Answer: affect the muscles or tendons that connect to a muscle to a bone.-don't usually cause
swelling or
redness-ROM may be limited, but can still use limb if severe, the entire muscle or tendon may be
torn,
causing inflammation and swelling, weakness, and loss of function surgery may be needed
, Q4
Spurling's maneuverneck pain
Answer: With the patient's neck in extension, rotate neck to the affected side. Apply downward
pressure on the
head. Assess for patient complaint of or accentuation of limb pain or paresthesia (a positive
finding)
Also observe for obvious atrophy in the neck.-assess nerve root compression
Q5
Radiculopathy
Answer: caused by spinal root compression, injury, or inflammationmost commonly d/t disc
herniation or
spinal stenosis from degenerative disease
Q6
Diagnostic MS tests
Answer: Xbony structures. ( if fracture or misalignment is suspected) CT scan:disc rupture, spinal
stenosis,
tumors.-Ultrasound: ligament, tendon and muscle tears. or can find intra-abdominal etiology Bone
scan: measure abnormal metabolic activity seen with tumors, infection and fractures-MRI:
soft-tissue
injury nerve impingement, tumor, infection, disc herniation, disc rupture, trauma to ligaments,
tendons, muscles or blood vessels. ** also if pt is surgical candidate or have evidence of systemic
disease EMG: conduction studies to diagnose radiculopathy
Q7
Allen's Testhands
Answer: Purpose: Assesses patency of radial and ulnar arteries and the arterial arch.-Procedure:
Compress the
radial artery at the wrist. Have patient rapidly open and close his or her hand several times. Then
have
the patient open the hand. (Hand should be pale or white.) Release pressure from the artery. The
hand
should flush, indicating patency
Q8
Phalen's test-hands
Answer: Purpose: Assesses for median nerve compression. Procedure: Have the patient maintain
forced flexion
of the wrist for 1 minute or more, with the dorsal surface of each hand pressed together. If the
patient
complains of numbness and paresthesias in fingers, the test is considered positive
Q1
cervical Spondylosiscervical Spondylosis
Answer: Chronic, degenerative, causes stiffness and pain, very common >50yo S: neck stiffness,
mild aching esp
with activity, trouble turning neck from side to side, limited ROM, Paresthesias follow
dermatomesO:weak shoulder abduction, bicep weakness (c6 involvement), tricep weakness (C7
involvement), myelopathy s/s: leg weakness, gait disturbances, balance problems, impaired fine
motor
loss of bowel and bladder controldx: MRItx: if radiculopathy: cervical traction. physical therapy,
NSAIDs,
oral steroid, steroid epidural injections, surgery (last)edu: 75-90% of pts improve with
conservative tx
Chronic, degenerative, causes stiffness and pain, very common >50yo S: neck stiffness, mild
aching esp
with activity, trouble turning neck from side to side, limited ROM, Paresthesias follow
dermatomesO:weak shoulder abduction, bicep weakness (c6 involvement), tricep weakness (C7
involvement), myelopathy s/s: leg weakness, gait disturbances, balance problems, impaired fine
motor
loss of bowel and bladder controldx: MRItx: if radiculopathy: cervical traction. physical therapy,
NSAIDs,
oral steroid, steroid epidural injections, surgery (last)edu: 75-90% of pts improve with
conservative tx
Q2
s/s and management of sprains
Answer: usually have swelling, pain and disability (or deformity)-1st: stretching of ligamentous
fiberssymptom
Tx-2nd: tear of part of the ligament, with pain and swelling- Immobilization to protect injured part,
but
full healing expected-3rd: complete ligamentous separation-immobilization; possible surgery Hx
of
sudden injury or fall-redness/bruising over the joint, decr A&P ROM,pain with movement of joint
Q3
s/s and management of strains
Answer: affect the muscles or tendons that connect to a muscle to a bone.-don't usually cause
swelling or
redness-ROM may be limited, but can still use limb if severe, the entire muscle or tendon may be
torn,
causing inflammation and swelling, weakness, and loss of function surgery may be needed
, Q4
Spurling's maneuverneck pain
Answer: With the patient's neck in extension, rotate neck to the affected side. Apply downward
pressure on the
head. Assess for patient complaint of or accentuation of limb pain or paresthesia (a positive
finding)
Also observe for obvious atrophy in the neck.-assess nerve root compression
Q5
Radiculopathy
Answer: caused by spinal root compression, injury, or inflammationmost commonly d/t disc
herniation or
spinal stenosis from degenerative disease
Q6
Diagnostic MS tests
Answer: Xbony structures. ( if fracture or misalignment is suspected) CT scan:disc rupture, spinal
stenosis,
tumors.-Ultrasound: ligament, tendon and muscle tears. or can find intra-abdominal etiology Bone
scan: measure abnormal metabolic activity seen with tumors, infection and fractures-MRI:
soft-tissue
injury nerve impingement, tumor, infection, disc herniation, disc rupture, trauma to ligaments,
tendons, muscles or blood vessels. ** also if pt is surgical candidate or have evidence of systemic
disease EMG: conduction studies to diagnose radiculopathy
Q7
Allen's Testhands
Answer: Purpose: Assesses patency of radial and ulnar arteries and the arterial arch.-Procedure:
Compress the
radial artery at the wrist. Have patient rapidly open and close his or her hand several times. Then
have
the patient open the hand. (Hand should be pale or white.) Release pressure from the artery. The
hand
should flush, indicating patency
Q8
Phalen's test-hands
Answer: Purpose: Assesses for median nerve compression. Procedure: Have the patient maintain
forced flexion
of the wrist for 1 minute or more, with the dorsal surface of each hand pressed together. If the
patient
complains of numbness and paresthesias in fingers, the test is considered positive
