BIOL 2030 ACTUAL FINALS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Stratified squamous epithelia - ✔✔A) Layered to withstand mild mechanical abrasion
B) basal cells push upward (oral cavity, oesophagus)
✔✔Transitional epithelia - ✔✔Stratified but specialized to accommodate stretching.
Urinary tract + Bladder
✔✔Body fluids - ✔✔Intracellular space (cytoplasm) - within cells
Extracellular space - outside cells
a) Blood plasma - fluid portion of blood outside cells
b) Interstitial fluid - occupies space surrounding cells
✔✔Extracellular structural elements - ✔✔Loose connective "tissue"
Bone
Cartilage
Cuticle
✔✔3 ways of classifying structure? - ✔✔1) Symmetry (divide body up into 2 equal parts)
2) Internal architecture (Fluid filled body cavities
3) Developmental patterns
✔✔Asymmetry - ✔✔No body axis and no plane of symmetry
✔✔Spherical Symmetry - ✔✔Any plane passing through centre divides body equally
✔✔Radial Symmetry - ✔✔Divided equally by more than two planes passing through the
longitudinal axis
✔✔Bilateral symmetry - ✔✔Division along the sagittal plane (posterior and anterior)
results in two equal halves.
, ✔✔Coelom - ✔✔Fluid filled cavity between outer body wall and gut
✔✔Acoelomate - ✔✔No true coelom (no body cavity)
✔✔Pseudocoelomate - ✔✔"Tube within a tube" arrangement
No peritoneum
✔✔Acoelomates are - ✔✔Flatworms
✔✔Pseudocoelomates are - ✔✔Nematodes
✔✔Paraphyletic Group - ✔✔Most recent common ancestor is also the ancestor of
animals, plant and fungi
✔✔Ciliary Motion - ✔✔Cilia: hair-like outgrowths from surface of cell
Fastest ciliates are up to 720cm/h
✔✔Flagellar motion - ✔✔Flagella: Whip-like outgrowth from surface of cell
✔✔Amoeboid Motion - ✔✔PseudopodiaL A free form projection of the cell
✔✔Ciliary beating - ✔✔A circular motion with 2 components
✔✔Power stroke - ✔✔More surface area to propel water
✔✔Recovery stroke - ✔✔Less surface area during recovery stroke
✔✔Flagellar Locomotion - ✔✔A flagellum propels water parallel to the main axis of the
flagellum
✔✔Tractellum - ✔✔A flagellum that draws water towards and over the cell body
✔✔Pulsellum - ✔✔A flagellum that propels the cell in a cell body first direction
✔✔Sessile - ✔✔Live in a stationary position (in one place)
✔✔Ectoplasm - ✔✔(gel-like, plasmagel)
Subunits are cross-linked into filaments
✔✔Endoplasm - ✔✔(fluid state, plasmasol)
Dissociated subunits of actin (Globular)
✔✔Amoeboid Locomotion - ✔✔Endoplasm fountains out to periphery
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Stratified squamous epithelia - ✔✔A) Layered to withstand mild mechanical abrasion
B) basal cells push upward (oral cavity, oesophagus)
✔✔Transitional epithelia - ✔✔Stratified but specialized to accommodate stretching.
Urinary tract + Bladder
✔✔Body fluids - ✔✔Intracellular space (cytoplasm) - within cells
Extracellular space - outside cells
a) Blood plasma - fluid portion of blood outside cells
b) Interstitial fluid - occupies space surrounding cells
✔✔Extracellular structural elements - ✔✔Loose connective "tissue"
Bone
Cartilage
Cuticle
✔✔3 ways of classifying structure? - ✔✔1) Symmetry (divide body up into 2 equal parts)
2) Internal architecture (Fluid filled body cavities
3) Developmental patterns
✔✔Asymmetry - ✔✔No body axis and no plane of symmetry
✔✔Spherical Symmetry - ✔✔Any plane passing through centre divides body equally
✔✔Radial Symmetry - ✔✔Divided equally by more than two planes passing through the
longitudinal axis
✔✔Bilateral symmetry - ✔✔Division along the sagittal plane (posterior and anterior)
results in two equal halves.
, ✔✔Coelom - ✔✔Fluid filled cavity between outer body wall and gut
✔✔Acoelomate - ✔✔No true coelom (no body cavity)
✔✔Pseudocoelomate - ✔✔"Tube within a tube" arrangement
No peritoneum
✔✔Acoelomates are - ✔✔Flatworms
✔✔Pseudocoelomates are - ✔✔Nematodes
✔✔Paraphyletic Group - ✔✔Most recent common ancestor is also the ancestor of
animals, plant and fungi
✔✔Ciliary Motion - ✔✔Cilia: hair-like outgrowths from surface of cell
Fastest ciliates are up to 720cm/h
✔✔Flagellar motion - ✔✔Flagella: Whip-like outgrowth from surface of cell
✔✔Amoeboid Motion - ✔✔PseudopodiaL A free form projection of the cell
✔✔Ciliary beating - ✔✔A circular motion with 2 components
✔✔Power stroke - ✔✔More surface area to propel water
✔✔Recovery stroke - ✔✔Less surface area during recovery stroke
✔✔Flagellar Locomotion - ✔✔A flagellum propels water parallel to the main axis of the
flagellum
✔✔Tractellum - ✔✔A flagellum that draws water towards and over the cell body
✔✔Pulsellum - ✔✔A flagellum that propels the cell in a cell body first direction
✔✔Sessile - ✔✔Live in a stationary position (in one place)
✔✔Ectoplasm - ✔✔(gel-like, plasmagel)
Subunits are cross-linked into filaments
✔✔Endoplasm - ✔✔(fluid state, plasmasol)
Dissociated subunits of actin (Globular)
✔✔Amoeboid Locomotion - ✔✔Endoplasm fountains out to periphery
