Chamberlain University-Illinois NR 283 Pathophysiology Exam 1 ||
Questions and Correct Detailed Answers.
Etiology correct answers Cause of particular disease on microscopic level
Pathogenesis correct answers Story of how disease develops
Atrophy correct answers Decrease in the size of the cells, results in reduced tissue mass
Hypertrophy correct answers Increase in cell size, results in enlarged tissue mass
Hyperplasia correct answers Increased number of cells, results in enlarged tissue mass
Metaplasia correct answers Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type, Ex:
chronic smokers, cells lose cilia
Dysplasia correct answers Cells are different looking varying in size and shape
Neoplasia correct answers New growth, commonly a tumor. May be malignant or benign
Apoptosis correct answers Programmed cell death, normal occurrence in the body
Ischemia correct answers Deficit of oxygen in the cells
Hypoxia correct answers Reduced oxygen in the tissues
Iatrogenic correct answers illness or disease process because a medical process was done ex:
CAUTI
, Autosomal Recessive Disorders correct answers Has to have two recessive genes to have disease,
only one recessive gene to be carrier ex: Cystic fibrosis, PKU (phenylketonuria), Tay-Sachs
Cystic fibrosis correct answers autosomal recessive disorder that causes thick mucous secretions
PKU (phenylketonuria) correct answers autosomal recessive disorder that causes an inability to
metabolize phenylalanine. Can cause mental retardation. Pt must follow strict very low protein
diet
Tay-Sachs correct answers autosomal recessive disorder that causes an enzyme to not be
produced causing fatty proteins build up causing destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal
cord
Autosomal Dominant Disorders correct answers Only takes one gene for disease to show. There
are no carriers, either have disease or don't. Marfan Syndrome, Huntington's, Familial
Hypercholesterolemia
Marfan Syndrome correct answers Autosomal Dominant Disorder, causes long extremities,
congenital heart defects
Huntington's Disease correct answers Autosomal Dominant Disorder, nerve cells break down
over time, causing involuntary movements
Familial Hypercholesterolemia correct answers Autosomal Dominant Disorder, high cholesterol
X-Linked Disorders correct answers Disorder carried on the x chromosome
Recessive X-Linked Disorders correct answers Color blindness, more prominent in males, XcY
male color blind, XcXc female color blind. XcX not color blind only carrier.
Questions and Correct Detailed Answers.
Etiology correct answers Cause of particular disease on microscopic level
Pathogenesis correct answers Story of how disease develops
Atrophy correct answers Decrease in the size of the cells, results in reduced tissue mass
Hypertrophy correct answers Increase in cell size, results in enlarged tissue mass
Hyperplasia correct answers Increased number of cells, results in enlarged tissue mass
Metaplasia correct answers Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell type, Ex:
chronic smokers, cells lose cilia
Dysplasia correct answers Cells are different looking varying in size and shape
Neoplasia correct answers New growth, commonly a tumor. May be malignant or benign
Apoptosis correct answers Programmed cell death, normal occurrence in the body
Ischemia correct answers Deficit of oxygen in the cells
Hypoxia correct answers Reduced oxygen in the tissues
Iatrogenic correct answers illness or disease process because a medical process was done ex:
CAUTI
, Autosomal Recessive Disorders correct answers Has to have two recessive genes to have disease,
only one recessive gene to be carrier ex: Cystic fibrosis, PKU (phenylketonuria), Tay-Sachs
Cystic fibrosis correct answers autosomal recessive disorder that causes thick mucous secretions
PKU (phenylketonuria) correct answers autosomal recessive disorder that causes an inability to
metabolize phenylalanine. Can cause mental retardation. Pt must follow strict very low protein
diet
Tay-Sachs correct answers autosomal recessive disorder that causes an enzyme to not be
produced causing fatty proteins build up causing destruction of nerve cells in the brain and spinal
cord
Autosomal Dominant Disorders correct answers Only takes one gene for disease to show. There
are no carriers, either have disease or don't. Marfan Syndrome, Huntington's, Familial
Hypercholesterolemia
Marfan Syndrome correct answers Autosomal Dominant Disorder, causes long extremities,
congenital heart defects
Huntington's Disease correct answers Autosomal Dominant Disorder, nerve cells break down
over time, causing involuntary movements
Familial Hypercholesterolemia correct answers Autosomal Dominant Disorder, high cholesterol
X-Linked Disorders correct answers Disorder carried on the x chromosome
Recessive X-Linked Disorders correct answers Color blindness, more prominent in males, XcY
male color blind, XcXc female color blind. XcX not color blind only carrier.
