BIOLOGY 1306 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET
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✔✔According to the first law of thermodynamics, ____. - ✔✔energy only changes forms
✔✔Which molecules coat the inside of the cytosolic membrane to help form endocytic
vesicles? - ✔✔clathrins
✔✔The "mosaic" part of the fluid mosaic model refers to the membrane ____. -
✔✔proteins
✔✔Which proteins form channels in the membrane that allow selected polar molecules
and ions to pass through and across the membrane? - ✔✔transport proteins
✔✔Explain how cells can adapt to colder temperatures by altering the number of double
bonds in the lipids that comprise cell membranes. - ✔✔By increasing the quantity of
lipids with double bonds in the cell membrane, it will prevent the lipids from packing
closely together in a tight and compact manner because it is a requirement for lipids to
freeze.
✔✔Which process is used by eukaryotic cells to export large molecules across the
plasma membrane and out of the cell? - ✔✔exocytosis
✔✔Movement of a substance from an area of low concentration to an area of high
concentration using energy obtained from ATP is called ____. - ✔✔active transport
✔✔Which plant cell structure is comprised of approximately 300 chlorophyll molecules
and about 40 carotenoid pigments, organized together to optimize the capture of light
energy? - ✔✔antenna complex
✔✔If you want to buy a colored light bulb for your indoor plants, which color would be
the least effective? - ✔✔green
,✔✔Chemiosmosis is a process in which ATP is _____. - ✔✔formed from the energy of
the proton motive force
✔✔Rubisco can bind with both ____ and ____. - ✔✔oxygen; carbon dioxide
✔✔NADH and FADH2 carry _____ from the citric acid cycle to the electron transfer
system. - ✔✔high-energy electrons
✔✔Which molecule is responsible for carrying the acetyl group from pyruvate into the
citric acid cycle? - ✔✔CoA
✔✔Why is photorespiration more likely to occur during warm weather? - ✔✔Plants are
more likely to dehydrate in warm weather, forcing them to close the stomata to conserve
water, thus preventing CO2 from entering the leaf.
✔✔In chloroplasts, the light-dependent reactions take place in the _____, and the light-
independent reactions take place in the _____. - ✔✔thylakoid membranes; stroma
✔✔In photosynthesis, how is light energy converted to chemical energy? - ✔✔Light
energy is absorbed by excitable electrons in atoms of the pigments.
✔✔Which answer best describes energy flow in biological systems? -
✔✔glucose→G3P→NADH→ATP
✔✔Photosynthesis occurs in ____, while cellular respiration occurs in ____. - ✔✔plants;
plants and animals
✔✔The molecule of chlorophyll a in photosystem II's reaction center is known as P680
because ____. - ✔✔it absorbs photons with a wavelength of 680 nm
✔✔During cytokinesis, a _____ forms between daughter nuclei in animals, while a
_____ forms between daughter nuclei in plants. - ✔✔furrow; cell plate
✔✔Haploid cells contain _____ copy/copies of each chromosome. - ✔✔one
✔✔Vinblastine, a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat breast and testicular cancers,
interferes with the assembly of microtubules. Speculate how this drug works to inhibit
cancer cell growth. - ✔✔Vinblastine disrupts mitotic spindle formation and consequently
mitosis.
✔✔During the mitotic spindle checkpoint, ____. - ✔✔proper spindle attachment to
chromosomes is assessed
, ✔✔Cytokinesis typically begins during which stage of mitosis? - ✔✔telophase
✔✔Contact inhibition is best explained by which statement? - ✔✔Contact between
neighboring cells triggers reactions leading to inhibition of mitosis.
✔✔Identify the stage of mitosis at which each of the following activities occurs. Some
choices may be used more than once. - ✔✔mitotic spindle disassembles telophase,
duplicated chromosomes condense prophase,
chromosomes align at the center of the cell metaphase,
sister chromatids are pulled to opposite spindle poles anaphase,
RNA synthesis shuts down prophase,
daughter chromosomes decondense and the nuclear envelope reforms telophase,
nuclear envelope disappears prometaphase,
spindle fiber begins to form prophase
✔✔Comparison of a cancer cell to a normal cell reveals that ____. - ✔✔only normal cell
growth is limited by contact inhibition
✔✔The nuclear division part of the cell cycle is called _____. - ✔✔mitosis
✔✔Which statement characterizes cancer cells? - ✔✔Cancer cells display uncontrolled
cell division.
✔✔What analogy best describes the pulling mechanism of a chromosomal movement?
- ✔✔winning a game of tug of war
✔✔Which process is responsible for slowing cell division when cells come into contact
with each other? - ✔✔contact inhibition
✔✔During prometaphase, _____. - ✔✔kinetochore microtubules bind to the
kinetochores
✔✔The G1/S checkpoint _____. - ✔✔occurs prior to the replication of DNA
✔✔If a diploid cell with 40 chromosomes undergoes meiosis, each daughter nuclei will
have ____ chromosomes. - ✔✔20
✔✔In humans, a deletion from chromosome 5 typically leads to severe mental
retardation and a malformed larynx; this disorder is known as ____. - ✔✔cri-du-chat
A+
✔✔According to the first law of thermodynamics, ____. - ✔✔energy only changes forms
✔✔Which molecules coat the inside of the cytosolic membrane to help form endocytic
vesicles? - ✔✔clathrins
✔✔The "mosaic" part of the fluid mosaic model refers to the membrane ____. -
✔✔proteins
✔✔Which proteins form channels in the membrane that allow selected polar molecules
and ions to pass through and across the membrane? - ✔✔transport proteins
✔✔Explain how cells can adapt to colder temperatures by altering the number of double
bonds in the lipids that comprise cell membranes. - ✔✔By increasing the quantity of
lipids with double bonds in the cell membrane, it will prevent the lipids from packing
closely together in a tight and compact manner because it is a requirement for lipids to
freeze.
✔✔Which process is used by eukaryotic cells to export large molecules across the
plasma membrane and out of the cell? - ✔✔exocytosis
✔✔Movement of a substance from an area of low concentration to an area of high
concentration using energy obtained from ATP is called ____. - ✔✔active transport
✔✔Which plant cell structure is comprised of approximately 300 chlorophyll molecules
and about 40 carotenoid pigments, organized together to optimize the capture of light
energy? - ✔✔antenna complex
✔✔If you want to buy a colored light bulb for your indoor plants, which color would be
the least effective? - ✔✔green
,✔✔Chemiosmosis is a process in which ATP is _____. - ✔✔formed from the energy of
the proton motive force
✔✔Rubisco can bind with both ____ and ____. - ✔✔oxygen; carbon dioxide
✔✔NADH and FADH2 carry _____ from the citric acid cycle to the electron transfer
system. - ✔✔high-energy electrons
✔✔Which molecule is responsible for carrying the acetyl group from pyruvate into the
citric acid cycle? - ✔✔CoA
✔✔Why is photorespiration more likely to occur during warm weather? - ✔✔Plants are
more likely to dehydrate in warm weather, forcing them to close the stomata to conserve
water, thus preventing CO2 from entering the leaf.
✔✔In chloroplasts, the light-dependent reactions take place in the _____, and the light-
independent reactions take place in the _____. - ✔✔thylakoid membranes; stroma
✔✔In photosynthesis, how is light energy converted to chemical energy? - ✔✔Light
energy is absorbed by excitable electrons in atoms of the pigments.
✔✔Which answer best describes energy flow in biological systems? -
✔✔glucose→G3P→NADH→ATP
✔✔Photosynthesis occurs in ____, while cellular respiration occurs in ____. - ✔✔plants;
plants and animals
✔✔The molecule of chlorophyll a in photosystem II's reaction center is known as P680
because ____. - ✔✔it absorbs photons with a wavelength of 680 nm
✔✔During cytokinesis, a _____ forms between daughter nuclei in animals, while a
_____ forms between daughter nuclei in plants. - ✔✔furrow; cell plate
✔✔Haploid cells contain _____ copy/copies of each chromosome. - ✔✔one
✔✔Vinblastine, a chemotherapeutic drug used to treat breast and testicular cancers,
interferes with the assembly of microtubules. Speculate how this drug works to inhibit
cancer cell growth. - ✔✔Vinblastine disrupts mitotic spindle formation and consequently
mitosis.
✔✔During the mitotic spindle checkpoint, ____. - ✔✔proper spindle attachment to
chromosomes is assessed
, ✔✔Cytokinesis typically begins during which stage of mitosis? - ✔✔telophase
✔✔Contact inhibition is best explained by which statement? - ✔✔Contact between
neighboring cells triggers reactions leading to inhibition of mitosis.
✔✔Identify the stage of mitosis at which each of the following activities occurs. Some
choices may be used more than once. - ✔✔mitotic spindle disassembles telophase,
duplicated chromosomes condense prophase,
chromosomes align at the center of the cell metaphase,
sister chromatids are pulled to opposite spindle poles anaphase,
RNA synthesis shuts down prophase,
daughter chromosomes decondense and the nuclear envelope reforms telophase,
nuclear envelope disappears prometaphase,
spindle fiber begins to form prophase
✔✔Comparison of a cancer cell to a normal cell reveals that ____. - ✔✔only normal cell
growth is limited by contact inhibition
✔✔The nuclear division part of the cell cycle is called _____. - ✔✔mitosis
✔✔Which statement characterizes cancer cells? - ✔✔Cancer cells display uncontrolled
cell division.
✔✔What analogy best describes the pulling mechanism of a chromosomal movement?
- ✔✔winning a game of tug of war
✔✔Which process is responsible for slowing cell division when cells come into contact
with each other? - ✔✔contact inhibition
✔✔During prometaphase, _____. - ✔✔kinetochore microtubules bind to the
kinetochores
✔✔The G1/S checkpoint _____. - ✔✔occurs prior to the replication of DNA
✔✔If a diploid cell with 40 chromosomes undergoes meiosis, each daughter nuclei will
have ____ chromosomes. - ✔✔20
✔✔In humans, a deletion from chromosome 5 typically leads to severe mental
retardation and a malformed larynx; this disorder is known as ____. - ✔✔cri-du-chat
