BIOLOGY 1306 UPDATED SET QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔The region of space where an electron "lives" most of the time is called a(n) ____. -
✔✔orbital
✔✔Tungsten has an atomic number of 74 and an atomic mass of approximately 184.
How many protons and neutrons does Tungsten have? - ✔✔74 protons and 110
neutrons
✔✔The attraction between Na+ cations and Cl- anions form ____ that hold the ions
together in the compound NaCl. - ✔✔ionic bonds
✔✔Prolonged iodine deficiency causes ____, a condition in which the thyroid gland
enlarges so much that the front of the neck swells significantly. - ✔✔a goiter
✔✔A carbon atom with six protons, seven neutrons, and six electrons has a mass
number of ____. - ✔✔13
✔✔Which type of chemical linkage is the weakest? - ✔✔van der Waals forces
✔✔Diluted acetic acid, CH3COOH, is commonly called vinegar. How many atoms of
hydrogen are present in one molecule of acetic acid? - ✔✔four
✔✔Which of the three atomic particles are charged? - ✔✔electrons and protons
✔✔The chemical linkages that exert an attractive force over the greatest distance are
____. - ✔✔ionic bonds
✔✔The smallest unit that retains the chemical and physical properties of an element is
a(n) ____. - ✔✔atom
,✔✔Which element is likely to be chemically unreactive? - ✔✔argon (8 valence
electrons)
✔✔Match each of the following terms with its correct definition. - ✔✔element A pure
substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or
physical techniques,
orbital The location of an electron in an atom,
matter Anything that occupies space and has mass,
compound A molecule that has more than one type of atom,
isotopes Two atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
✔✔The purpose of buffers in the body is to _____. - ✔✔maintain a blood pH of 7.4
✔✔A pH of 6 is ____ times more ____ than a pH of 2. - ✔✔10,000; basic
✔✔A solution with a pH of 10 is ____. - ✔✔basic
✔✔The four elements that make up more than 96% of the weight of living organisms
are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and calcium. - ✔✔False
✔✔The water strider shown in the figure above is able to stand on water because of the
____ of water. - ✔✔surface tension
✔✔Bonds that are the result of electrical attractions between atoms that gain or lose
valence electrons are called ____ bonds. - ✔✔ionic
✔✔The pH of your stomach is between 1 and 3. Use your knowledge of polar and
nonpolar substances to explain why the acids in your stomach do not alter the pH of
your blood. - ✔✔The cells lining the interior of the stomach do not permit the acid to
move across the cell membrane, and into the blood stream of the body. This is because
cells are composed of a lipid bilayer that keeps out acids since they are hydrophillic
substances.
✔✔Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The atomic number of the atom
depicted in the figure is ____. - ✔✔6
✔✔The chemical bonds that are formed when atoms share electrons equally are called
____. - ✔✔nonpolar covalent bonds
✔✔Lemon juice has a pH of 2.0, therefore, ____. - ✔✔[H+] > [OH-]
✔✔A trace element is one found in specific organisms in ____ quantities and is ____ for
normal biological functions. - ✔✔small; vital
, ✔✔Radioactive ____ is commonly used to treat patients with dangerously overactive
thyroid glands. - ✔✔iodine
✔✔When molecules are referred to as D- or L- (for example D-forms of sugars and L-
forms of amino acids), the D- and L- designations refer to the specific ____. -
✔✔stereoisomer
✔✔Excessive heat or extremes of pH often cause denaturation of proteins, which
means that the proteins ____. - ✔✔are no longer in a functional three-dimensional
conformation
✔✔Are saturated or unsaturated fats generally solids at room temperature? Explain why
there is a difference in the fluidity of these two related molecules. - ✔✔The tight packing
of saturated fat molecules prompt them to solidify at room temperature. On the other
hand, unsaturated fats typically comprise of kinked hydrocarbon tails, which indicates
that these lipids can not pack together properly; therefore, they are generally liquid at
room temperature, and they must be significantly cooled to solidify.
✔✔Hereditary information in all eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses is stored in ____. -
✔✔nucleic acids
✔✔Proteins are synthesized by _____ reactions that link amino acids together. -
✔✔dehydration synthesis
✔✔If the DNA sequence on one strand of DNA is 5'-AGCATTA-3', then the
complementary sequence would be _____. - ✔✔3'-TCGTAAT-5'
✔✔Testosterone has important regulatory functions in humans and many other animals.
Molecules with regulatory functions like testosterone are called ____. - ✔✔hormones
✔✔Consider the DNA sequence 5'-GATTACA-3'. If the strand with this sequence forms
a double helix with another DNA strand, the sequence on the other strand should be
____. - ✔✔3'-CTAATGT-5'
✔✔Approximately how many base pairs comprise one turn of the double helix in DNA? -
✔✔10
✔✔The unique sequence of monomer subunits in a protein is the ____ structure of the
protein. - ✔✔primary
✔✔Amino acids are linked together by ____ bonds. - ✔✔peptide
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔The region of space where an electron "lives" most of the time is called a(n) ____. -
✔✔orbital
✔✔Tungsten has an atomic number of 74 and an atomic mass of approximately 184.
How many protons and neutrons does Tungsten have? - ✔✔74 protons and 110
neutrons
✔✔The attraction between Na+ cations and Cl- anions form ____ that hold the ions
together in the compound NaCl. - ✔✔ionic bonds
✔✔Prolonged iodine deficiency causes ____, a condition in which the thyroid gland
enlarges so much that the front of the neck swells significantly. - ✔✔a goiter
✔✔A carbon atom with six protons, seven neutrons, and six electrons has a mass
number of ____. - ✔✔13
✔✔Which type of chemical linkage is the weakest? - ✔✔van der Waals forces
✔✔Diluted acetic acid, CH3COOH, is commonly called vinegar. How many atoms of
hydrogen are present in one molecule of acetic acid? - ✔✔four
✔✔Which of the three atomic particles are charged? - ✔✔electrons and protons
✔✔The chemical linkages that exert an attractive force over the greatest distance are
____. - ✔✔ionic bonds
✔✔The smallest unit that retains the chemical and physical properties of an element is
a(n) ____. - ✔✔atom
,✔✔Which element is likely to be chemically unreactive? - ✔✔argon (8 valence
electrons)
✔✔Match each of the following terms with its correct definition. - ✔✔element A pure
substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or
physical techniques,
orbital The location of an electron in an atom,
matter Anything that occupies space and has mass,
compound A molecule that has more than one type of atom,
isotopes Two atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
✔✔The purpose of buffers in the body is to _____. - ✔✔maintain a blood pH of 7.4
✔✔A pH of 6 is ____ times more ____ than a pH of 2. - ✔✔10,000; basic
✔✔A solution with a pH of 10 is ____. - ✔✔basic
✔✔The four elements that make up more than 96% of the weight of living organisms
are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and calcium. - ✔✔False
✔✔The water strider shown in the figure above is able to stand on water because of the
____ of water. - ✔✔surface tension
✔✔Bonds that are the result of electrical attractions between atoms that gain or lose
valence electrons are called ____ bonds. - ✔✔ionic
✔✔The pH of your stomach is between 1 and 3. Use your knowledge of polar and
nonpolar substances to explain why the acids in your stomach do not alter the pH of
your blood. - ✔✔The cells lining the interior of the stomach do not permit the acid to
move across the cell membrane, and into the blood stream of the body. This is because
cells are composed of a lipid bilayer that keeps out acids since they are hydrophillic
substances.
✔✔Answer the question using the accompanying figure. The atomic number of the atom
depicted in the figure is ____. - ✔✔6
✔✔The chemical bonds that are formed when atoms share electrons equally are called
____. - ✔✔nonpolar covalent bonds
✔✔Lemon juice has a pH of 2.0, therefore, ____. - ✔✔[H+] > [OH-]
✔✔A trace element is one found in specific organisms in ____ quantities and is ____ for
normal biological functions. - ✔✔small; vital
, ✔✔Radioactive ____ is commonly used to treat patients with dangerously overactive
thyroid glands. - ✔✔iodine
✔✔When molecules are referred to as D- or L- (for example D-forms of sugars and L-
forms of amino acids), the D- and L- designations refer to the specific ____. -
✔✔stereoisomer
✔✔Excessive heat or extremes of pH often cause denaturation of proteins, which
means that the proteins ____. - ✔✔are no longer in a functional three-dimensional
conformation
✔✔Are saturated or unsaturated fats generally solids at room temperature? Explain why
there is a difference in the fluidity of these two related molecules. - ✔✔The tight packing
of saturated fat molecules prompt them to solidify at room temperature. On the other
hand, unsaturated fats typically comprise of kinked hydrocarbon tails, which indicates
that these lipids can not pack together properly; therefore, they are generally liquid at
room temperature, and they must be significantly cooled to solidify.
✔✔Hereditary information in all eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses is stored in ____. -
✔✔nucleic acids
✔✔Proteins are synthesized by _____ reactions that link amino acids together. -
✔✔dehydration synthesis
✔✔If the DNA sequence on one strand of DNA is 5'-AGCATTA-3', then the
complementary sequence would be _____. - ✔✔3'-TCGTAAT-5'
✔✔Testosterone has important regulatory functions in humans and many other animals.
Molecules with regulatory functions like testosterone are called ____. - ✔✔hormones
✔✔Consider the DNA sequence 5'-GATTACA-3'. If the strand with this sequence forms
a double helix with another DNA strand, the sequence on the other strand should be
____. - ✔✔3'-CTAATGT-5'
✔✔Approximately how many base pairs comprise one turn of the double helix in DNA? -
✔✔10
✔✔The unique sequence of monomer subunits in a protein is the ____ structure of the
protein. - ✔✔primary
✔✔Amino acids are linked together by ____ bonds. - ✔✔peptide
