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, Functionalism (James) an approach to psychology concerned with the purpose/function of behavior
Gestalt (Koffka) the whole of personal experience is different from the sum of its parts
Psychoanalysis (Freud) a method that attempts to bring the content of the unconscious into conscious
awareness so that conflicts can be revealed
Behaviorism (Watson) a psychological approach that emphasizes the role of environmental forces in
producing observable behavior
Cognitive Psychology the study of mental functions such as intelligence, thinking, language, memory, and
decision making
Cognitive Neuroscience the study of neural mechanisms underlying thought, learning, perception, language, and
memory
Social Psychology the study of how people influence other people's thoughts, feelings, and actions
Evolutionary Psychology this field attempts to explain mental traits as products of natural selection
The Case Study of Genie A girl who suffered extreme privation, her parents left her in a basement, gave her food
and prevented her from making any form of attachment. She was beaten for making
sounds. Didn't have toys or any other children to interact with.
Although she received extensive teaching, she had trouble speaking clearly at an adult-
level, showing the consequences of extreme social isolation on language development
and an existence of the critical period for language.
Stages of Prenatal Development conception-birth
1. zygote: conception-2 weeks
2. embryo: 2 weeks-2 months (forming organs)
3. fetus: 2 months-birth (organs formed, heart beats)
Teratogens agents from the environment that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal
development and cause harm
Brain Development by age 4, the human _____ has grown to about 80% of adult size