NUR201: Exam 2 Contraceptives,
Menopause, and Infertility Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Menopause -
correct answer ✅-The end of menses; classified when there is no
menses for 12 months.
-Average age of onset is 49-51
-Includes vasomotor instability, urogenital atrophy, and
psychological discomforts
-Steady decline of mature ova
-Estrogen decreases by 90%
Vasomotor Instability from Menopause -
correct answer ✅-Hot flashes!
-Etiology is unknown
-Treatment includes: HRT, avoiding spicy food, alcohol, caffeine,
adequate fluid intake, small and infrequent meals, and dressing in
layers
Psychological Changes from Menopause -
correct answer ✅-Caused by loss of estrogen
,NUR201: Exam 2 Contraceptives,
Menopause, and Infertility Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
-Associated lifestyle changes during time of menopause contributes
to changes including:
retirement, widowhood, caring for aging parents, empty-nest
syndrome, caring for grandkids, career changes
Impact of Menopause on the Body -
correct answer ✅-Brain: Hot flashes, sleep, mood and memory
problems
-Cardiovascular: Lower levels of HDL, increased risk for CVD
-Skeletal: Bone density loss; increased risk for osteoporosis;
osteoclast activity increases
-Breasts: Duct and gland tissue replaced by fat
-Genitourinary: Vaginal dryness, stress incontinence, cystitis
-GI: Less Ca+ absorbed; increased fractures; Eat dark, green leafy
veggies and calcium WITH vitamin D!!
-Integumentary: Dry skin, thin. Collagen decreases
-Body shape: More abdominal fat: Waist size swells. Truncal obesity
(central) can lead to CVD and poorer cardiac outcomes; Kyphosis
, NUR201: Exam 2 Contraceptives,
Menopause, and Infertility Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Vaginal Atrophy: Menopause -
correct answer ✅-Caused by declining estrogen levels
-Thinning of walls
-Increase in pH
-Can cause painful intercourse
-Decreased vaginal lubrication
-Decreased sexual desires
Treatment: Vaginal estrogen (Vagifem), vaginal lubricants
Osteoporosis -
correct answer ✅-Increases risk in menopausal women, as
osteoclast activity increases due to decreased levels of estrogen
-DEXA scan can evaluate bone density and risks of osteoporosis
-Risk factors:
Increasing age, Asian/Caucasian, thin boned or small frame, family
history, menopause, cigarette or alcohol use, sedentary lifestyle,
caffeine, eating disorders
Menopause, and Infertility Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Menopause -
correct answer ✅-The end of menses; classified when there is no
menses for 12 months.
-Average age of onset is 49-51
-Includes vasomotor instability, urogenital atrophy, and
psychological discomforts
-Steady decline of mature ova
-Estrogen decreases by 90%
Vasomotor Instability from Menopause -
correct answer ✅-Hot flashes!
-Etiology is unknown
-Treatment includes: HRT, avoiding spicy food, alcohol, caffeine,
adequate fluid intake, small and infrequent meals, and dressing in
layers
Psychological Changes from Menopause -
correct answer ✅-Caused by loss of estrogen
,NUR201: Exam 2 Contraceptives,
Menopause, and Infertility Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
-Associated lifestyle changes during time of menopause contributes
to changes including:
retirement, widowhood, caring for aging parents, empty-nest
syndrome, caring for grandkids, career changes
Impact of Menopause on the Body -
correct answer ✅-Brain: Hot flashes, sleep, mood and memory
problems
-Cardiovascular: Lower levels of HDL, increased risk for CVD
-Skeletal: Bone density loss; increased risk for osteoporosis;
osteoclast activity increases
-Breasts: Duct and gland tissue replaced by fat
-Genitourinary: Vaginal dryness, stress incontinence, cystitis
-GI: Less Ca+ absorbed; increased fractures; Eat dark, green leafy
veggies and calcium WITH vitamin D!!
-Integumentary: Dry skin, thin. Collagen decreases
-Body shape: More abdominal fat: Waist size swells. Truncal obesity
(central) can lead to CVD and poorer cardiac outcomes; Kyphosis
, NUR201: Exam 2 Contraceptives,
Menopause, and Infertility Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Vaginal Atrophy: Menopause -
correct answer ✅-Caused by declining estrogen levels
-Thinning of walls
-Increase in pH
-Can cause painful intercourse
-Decreased vaginal lubrication
-Decreased sexual desires
Treatment: Vaginal estrogen (Vagifem), vaginal lubricants
Osteoporosis -
correct answer ✅-Increases risk in menopausal women, as
osteoclast activity increases due to decreased levels of estrogen
-DEXA scan can evaluate bone density and risks of osteoporosis
-Risk factors:
Increasing age, Asian/Caucasian, thin boned or small frame, family
history, menopause, cigarette or alcohol use, sedentary lifestyle,
caffeine, eating disorders
