NR 302 Final Exam with correct answers and rationales
2026/2027 instant pdf
1. The first step of the nursing process is:
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Assessment
D. Evaluation
✅ Correct Answer: C — Assessment
Rationale:
Assessment is the collection of subjective and objective information about the patient. It provides
the foundation for nursing decisions.
2. Subjective data refers to:
A. Information observed by the nurse
B. Laboratory results
C. Information reported by the patient
D. Vital signs
✅ Correct Answer: C — Information reported by the patient
Rationale:
Subjective data includes symptoms, feelings, and experiences described by the patient, such as
pain or nausea.
3. Which is an example of objective data?
A. "I feel dizzy."
B. "My stomach hurts."
C. Blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg
D. "I am tired."
✅ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Objective data can be measured or observed by the healthcare provider.
,4. The purpose of a health history is to:
A. Replace physical assessment
B. Collect information about the patient's health status
C. Diagnose disease independently
D. Determine insurance coverage
✅ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The health history provides information about symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, and risks.
5. The best opening question during a health interview is:
A. "Why are you here?"
B. "Tell me what brings you in today."
C. "Do you have any diseases?"
D. "Are you taking medication?"
✅ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Open-ended questions encourage patients to describe their concerns in their own words.
6. The mnemonic OLDCARTS is used to assess:
A. Pain and symptoms
B. Family history
C. Medication allergies
D. Nutrition status
✅ Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
OLDCARTS helps assess symptoms:
• Onset
• Location
• Duration
, • Characteristics
• Aggravating factors
• Relieving factors
• Timing
• Severity
7. A nurse using therapeutic communication should:
A. Give personal opinions
B. Use active listening
C. Change the subject quickly
D. Avoid silence
✅ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Active listening builds trust and encourages accurate information sharing.
8. The nurse should use a certified medical interpreter when:
A. The patient has limited ability to understand the language
B. The family wants to translate
C. The patient refuses care
D. The nurse is busy
✅ Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Professional interpreters improve communication accuracy and patient safety.
9. Evidence-based practice combines:
A. Tradition only
B. Research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences
C. Physician preference only
D. Patient opinion only
✅ Correct Answer: B
, Rationale:
Evidence-based practice integrates best research evidence with clinical judgment and patient
values.
10. The general survey includes assessment of:
A. Appearance, behavior, and mobility
B. Laboratory values only
C. Medication history only
D. Heart sounds only
✅ Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
The general survey provides an overall impression of the patient's health status.
Vital Signs
11. A normal adult respiratory rate is approximately:
A. 2–5 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 30–40 breaths/min
D. 50 breaths/min
✅ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Normal adult respirations are usually 12–20 breaths per minute.
12. A pulse oximeter measures:
A. Blood pressure
B. Oxygen saturation
C. Temperature
D. Blood glucose
2026/2027 instant pdf
1. The first step of the nursing process is:
A. Diagnosis
B. Planning
C. Assessment
D. Evaluation
✅ Correct Answer: C — Assessment
Rationale:
Assessment is the collection of subjective and objective information about the patient. It provides
the foundation for nursing decisions.
2. Subjective data refers to:
A. Information observed by the nurse
B. Laboratory results
C. Information reported by the patient
D. Vital signs
✅ Correct Answer: C — Information reported by the patient
Rationale:
Subjective data includes symptoms, feelings, and experiences described by the patient, such as
pain or nausea.
3. Which is an example of objective data?
A. "I feel dizzy."
B. "My stomach hurts."
C. Blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg
D. "I am tired."
✅ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Objective data can be measured or observed by the healthcare provider.
,4. The purpose of a health history is to:
A. Replace physical assessment
B. Collect information about the patient's health status
C. Diagnose disease independently
D. Determine insurance coverage
✅ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The health history provides information about symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, and risks.
5. The best opening question during a health interview is:
A. "Why are you here?"
B. "Tell me what brings you in today."
C. "Do you have any diseases?"
D. "Are you taking medication?"
✅ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Open-ended questions encourage patients to describe their concerns in their own words.
6. The mnemonic OLDCARTS is used to assess:
A. Pain and symptoms
B. Family history
C. Medication allergies
D. Nutrition status
✅ Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
OLDCARTS helps assess symptoms:
• Onset
• Location
• Duration
, • Characteristics
• Aggravating factors
• Relieving factors
• Timing
• Severity
7. A nurse using therapeutic communication should:
A. Give personal opinions
B. Use active listening
C. Change the subject quickly
D. Avoid silence
✅ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Active listening builds trust and encourages accurate information sharing.
8. The nurse should use a certified medical interpreter when:
A. The patient has limited ability to understand the language
B. The family wants to translate
C. The patient refuses care
D. The nurse is busy
✅ Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Professional interpreters improve communication accuracy and patient safety.
9. Evidence-based practice combines:
A. Tradition only
B. Research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences
C. Physician preference only
D. Patient opinion only
✅ Correct Answer: B
, Rationale:
Evidence-based practice integrates best research evidence with clinical judgment and patient
values.
10. The general survey includes assessment of:
A. Appearance, behavior, and mobility
B. Laboratory values only
C. Medication history only
D. Heart sounds only
✅ Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
The general survey provides an overall impression of the patient's health status.
Vital Signs
11. A normal adult respiratory rate is approximately:
A. 2–5 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 30–40 breaths/min
D. 50 breaths/min
✅ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Normal adult respirations are usually 12–20 breaths per minute.
12. A pulse oximeter measures:
A. Blood pressure
B. Oxygen saturation
C. Temperature
D. Blood glucose
