NUR 235 TEST 1 | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS -
MIDLANDS TECHNICAL COLLEGE.
SECTION A: FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
Question 1
A patient presents with orthostatic hypotension. Which clinical manifestation
would the nurse expect to assess?
A) Hypertension and tachycardia
B) Dizziness, blurring or loss of vision, and syncope
C) Peripheral edema and weight gain
D) Bradycardia and hypotension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in both systolic and
diastolic arterial blood pressure upon standing. Clinical manifestations include
dizziness, blurring or loss of vision, and syncope or fainting .
Question 2
Which electrolyte imbalance can lead to dry mucous membranes, decreased skin
turgor, and intense thirst?
A) Hyponatremia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypokalemia
D) Hyperkalemia
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypernatremia (elevated sodium) causes cellular dehydration, leading
to dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, and intense thirst .
Question 3
Which two electrolyte imbalances can cause positive Chvostek's and Trousseau's
signs?
A) Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia
B) Hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia
C) Hyponatremia and hypercalcemia
D) Hyperphosphatemia and hypokalemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Both hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia cause neuromuscular
irritability, which can be detected through positive Chvostek's sign (facial
twitching) and Trousseau's sign (carpal spasm when blood pressure cuff is
inflated) .
Question 4
A patient with severe hyponatremia may benefit from which category of IV fluid?
A) Hypotonic
B) Hypertonic
C) Isotonic
D) Colloid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertonic IV fluids are used to treat severe hyponatremia by drawing
water out of cells and increasing serum sodium concentration .
2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS -
MIDLANDS TECHNICAL COLLEGE.
SECTION A: FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE
Question 1
A patient presents with orthostatic hypotension. Which clinical manifestation
would the nurse expect to assess?
A) Hypertension and tachycardia
B) Dizziness, blurring or loss of vision, and syncope
C) Peripheral edema and weight gain
D) Bradycardia and hypotension
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in both systolic and
diastolic arterial blood pressure upon standing. Clinical manifestations include
dizziness, blurring or loss of vision, and syncope or fainting .
Question 2
Which electrolyte imbalance can lead to dry mucous membranes, decreased skin
turgor, and intense thirst?
A) Hyponatremia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypokalemia
D) Hyperkalemia
, Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypernatremia (elevated sodium) causes cellular dehydration, leading
to dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, and intense thirst .
Question 3
Which two electrolyte imbalances can cause positive Chvostek's and Trousseau's
signs?
A) Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia
B) Hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia
C) Hyponatremia and hypercalcemia
D) Hyperphosphatemia and hypokalemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Both hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia cause neuromuscular
irritability, which can be detected through positive Chvostek's sign (facial
twitching) and Trousseau's sign (carpal spasm when blood pressure cuff is
inflated) .
Question 4
A patient with severe hyponatremia may benefit from which category of IV fluid?
A) Hypotonic
B) Hypertonic
C) Isotonic
D) Colloid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypertonic IV fluids are used to treat severe hyponatremia by drawing
water out of cells and increasing serum sodium concentration .
