CHEM 2364- Experiment 1
acid-base extraction - Answer A liquid-liquid extraction that is based on the
neutral/acidic/basic properties of compounds
How is the acid base extraction performed? - Answer Using 2 immiscible solvents, one is
aqueous (water) and the other one organic (DCM or ethyl acetate)
Can a compound that is soluble in water be used in an acid base extraction? - Answer No
Non-polar compounds insoluble in water: - Answer hexane, benzene, carbon tetrachloride,
alkyl halides, nitrocompounds, and ethers
The organic solvent (layer or phase): - Answer must be water insoluble, have a low boiling
point (DCM and Ethyl Acetate)
DCM - Answer CH2Cl2
Dichloromethane
Denser than water
Ethyl Acetate - Answer EtOAc
CH3CO2CH2CH3
Less dense than water
The aqueous solvent (layer or phase): - Answer - Aqueous acid: HCl in case the compound to
extract is basic --> amines
- Aqueous base: NaHCO3 in case the compound to extract has a pka lower than 6 --> carboxylic
acids
- Aqueous base: NaOH in case the compound to extract has a pka lower than 15 --> carboxylic
acid and phenol
The acidity of halocarboxylic acids increases with...and decreases with - Answer - the
electronegativity of the halogen
- the distance of the halogen to the carboxylic acid group
The liquid-liquid extraction is performed in what type of funnel? - Answer separatory funnel
acid-base extraction - Answer A liquid-liquid extraction that is based on the
neutral/acidic/basic properties of compounds
How is the acid base extraction performed? - Answer Using 2 immiscible solvents, one is
aqueous (water) and the other one organic (DCM or ethyl acetate)
Can a compound that is soluble in water be used in an acid base extraction? - Answer No
Non-polar compounds insoluble in water: - Answer hexane, benzene, carbon tetrachloride,
alkyl halides, nitrocompounds, and ethers
The organic solvent (layer or phase): - Answer must be water insoluble, have a low boiling
point (DCM and Ethyl Acetate)
DCM - Answer CH2Cl2
Dichloromethane
Denser than water
Ethyl Acetate - Answer EtOAc
CH3CO2CH2CH3
Less dense than water
The aqueous solvent (layer or phase): - Answer - Aqueous acid: HCl in case the compound to
extract is basic --> amines
- Aqueous base: NaHCO3 in case the compound to extract has a pka lower than 6 --> carboxylic
acids
- Aqueous base: NaOH in case the compound to extract has a pka lower than 15 --> carboxylic
acid and phenol
The acidity of halocarboxylic acids increases with...and decreases with - Answer - the
electronegativity of the halogen
- the distance of the halogen to the carboxylic acid group
The liquid-liquid extraction is performed in what type of funnel? - Answer separatory funnel
