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What test confirms the ELISA?
ANSWERS: Western Blot
Which test is the best indicator of the PROGRESS of HIV disease?
ANSWERS: CD4 count
A CD4 count of under ____ is associated with the onset of AIDS-related symptoms.
ANSWERS: 500
A CD4 count of under __ is associated with the onset of OPPORTUNISTIC
INFECTIONS.
ANSWERS: 200
,Give 6 symptoms of HIV disease.
ANSWERS:
anorexia
fatigue
weakness
diarrhea
night
sweats
fever
Which 2 classes of drugs are given in combination for HIV sero-positivity?
ANSWERS: NRTI's (Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptease Inhibitors) and PI's
(Protease Inhibitors) They prevent viral replication.
NRTI (nucleoside reverse transcriptease inhibitors)
ANSWERS: An antiviral drug used against HIV
Is incorporated into the DNA of the virus and stops the building
process Results in incomplete DNA that cannot create a new
virus
Often used in combination with other drugs
PI's (Protease inhibitors)
ANSWERS: Most potent of antiviral meds
Inhibit cell protein synthesis that interferes with viral replication. Does not cure
but slows progression of AIDS. Prolongs life, used prophylactically and used
in AIDS to decrease viral load and opportunistic infections.
,What do NRTI's and PI's do?
ANSWERS: They prevent viral replication.
What does the physician hope to achieve with NRTI's and PI's for HIV?
ANSWERS: A delayed onset of AIDS for as long as possible (usually can delay onset
for 10-15 years)
What is the most common NRTI used?
ANSWERS: AZT (zidovudine)
What is the most challenging aspect of combination of drug therapy for HIV
disease?
ANSWERS: The number of pills that must be taken in 24 hours can be
overwhelming. The frequency also makes it hard to remember-an alarm
wristwatch is used.
Clients with AIDS (gain/lose) weight?
ANSWERS: Lose weight
The typical pneumonia of AIDS is caused by __________ _.
ANSWERS: Pneumocystic carinii
What type of oral/esophageal infections do AIDS patients get?
ANSWERS: Candida
, What is the #1 cancer that AIDS patients get?
ANSWERS: Kaposi's sarcoma
Kaposi's sarcoma is a cancer of the ___ _.
ANSWERS: skin
T/F: AIDS patients get lymphomas?
ANSWERS: True
What lab findings are present in AIDS?
ANSWERS: Decreased RBC's, WBC's and platelets
If the AIDS patient HAS leukopenia they will be on ______________ _.
ANSWERS: Protective (reverse) Isolation
Define Leukopenia
ANSWERS: Decrease in WBC, indicated viral infection
Without leukopenia the AIDS patient will be on ___ precautions.
ANSWERS: Standard precautions or blood and body fluid precautions
When the AIDS patient has a low platelet count, what is indicated?
ANSWERS:
Bleeding precautions; No IM's, no rectal temperatures, other bleeding precautions