LEARNERS AND LEARNING SCIENCE
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT 4 CERTIFICATION
TEST 2026 COMPREHENSIVE SHEET
◉ evidence-based practice. Answer: analyze research and data for
guidance in the selection of practices and interventions
◉ three concepts in the science of learning. Answer: encoding,
storage, retrieval
◉ neurons. Answer: many tiny cells that work together like a
complex communication network
◉ cognition. Answer: the mental process involved in acquiring,
processing, storing, and using information
◉ neurodevelopment. Answer: plays a crucial role in acquiring new
knowledge, honing cognitive skills, and adapting to the challenges of
formal education
◉ brainstem. Answer: part of the brain that connects to the spinal
cord; oversees important jobs like keeping the heart beating
,regularly, controlling breathing, managing blood flow, and
controlling automatic actions like sneezing and swallowing
◉ limbic system. Answer: involves learning and memory; deep in the
brain, it is like an emotional control center helping handle feelings
like happiness, fear, and sadness
◉ cerebellum. Answer: located at the back of the head, the "little
brain" helps control voluntary muscle movements, posture, and
balance
◉ cerebrum. Answer: the front part of the brain responsible for
controlling movement, body temperature, and thinking skills like
speaking, problem-solving, and decision-making; it also handles
sensory tasks like seeing, hearing, and feeling touch
◉ prefrontal cortex. Answer: plays a crucial role in decision-making,
impulse control, and emotional regulation
◉ Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Answer: primarily
used for mapping brain activity by measuring changes in blood flow
and oxygenation levels associated with neuronal activity. It provides
insights into how different brain regions are activated during
various tasks and cognitive processes
, ◉ encoding. Answer: refers to the initial processing of information,
where sensory input is transformed into a form that the brain can
store and use.
◉ storage. Answer: involves retaining encoded information over
time.
◉ retrieval. Answer: the process of getting stored information when
needed.
◉ feedback. Answer: plays a vital role in refining our learning
strategies by providing information about our performance, guiding
future actions.
◉ metacognition. Answer: involves an awareness and understanding
of one's thinking processes, enabling learners to monitor and
regulate their learning effectively.
◉ spacing, interleaving, feedback-driven metacognition, retrieval
practice. Answer: strategies to enhance learning outcomes
◉ retrieval practice. Answer: actively recalling information from
memory, such as answering questions or completing quizzes, which
strengthens long-term retention.
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT 4 CERTIFICATION
TEST 2026 COMPREHENSIVE SHEET
◉ evidence-based practice. Answer: analyze research and data for
guidance in the selection of practices and interventions
◉ three concepts in the science of learning. Answer: encoding,
storage, retrieval
◉ neurons. Answer: many tiny cells that work together like a
complex communication network
◉ cognition. Answer: the mental process involved in acquiring,
processing, storing, and using information
◉ neurodevelopment. Answer: plays a crucial role in acquiring new
knowledge, honing cognitive skills, and adapting to the challenges of
formal education
◉ brainstem. Answer: part of the brain that connects to the spinal
cord; oversees important jobs like keeping the heart beating
,regularly, controlling breathing, managing blood flow, and
controlling automatic actions like sneezing and swallowing
◉ limbic system. Answer: involves learning and memory; deep in the
brain, it is like an emotional control center helping handle feelings
like happiness, fear, and sadness
◉ cerebellum. Answer: located at the back of the head, the "little
brain" helps control voluntary muscle movements, posture, and
balance
◉ cerebrum. Answer: the front part of the brain responsible for
controlling movement, body temperature, and thinking skills like
speaking, problem-solving, and decision-making; it also handles
sensory tasks like seeing, hearing, and feeling touch
◉ prefrontal cortex. Answer: plays a crucial role in decision-making,
impulse control, and emotional regulation
◉ Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Answer: primarily
used for mapping brain activity by measuring changes in blood flow
and oxygenation levels associated with neuronal activity. It provides
insights into how different brain regions are activated during
various tasks and cognitive processes
, ◉ encoding. Answer: refers to the initial processing of information,
where sensory input is transformed into a form that the brain can
store and use.
◉ storage. Answer: involves retaining encoded information over
time.
◉ retrieval. Answer: the process of getting stored information when
needed.
◉ feedback. Answer: plays a vital role in refining our learning
strategies by providing information about our performance, guiding
future actions.
◉ metacognition. Answer: involves an awareness and understanding
of one's thinking processes, enabling learners to monitor and
regulate their learning effectively.
◉ spacing, interleaving, feedback-driven metacognition, retrieval
practice. Answer: strategies to enhance learning outcomes
◉ retrieval practice. Answer: actively recalling information from
memory, such as answering questions or completing quizzes, which
strengthens long-term retention.
