MATH 110 STATISTICS MODULE 3 EXAMPREP
STUDY GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Longitudinal study. Answer: Data collected over a long period of
time
◉ Confounding variable. Answer: One that influences the dependent
variable but was not separated from the independent variable
◉ Completely randomized experimental design. Answer: Subjects
are assigned to groups randomly, and treatments are assigned
randomly
◉ Blocking. Answer: Grouping subjects in a study into 2 or more
blocks if you anticipate different result from each group
◉ Frequency distribution. Answer: The organization of raw data in
table form, using classes and frequencies
◉ The 2 types of frequency distributions. Answer: Categorical and
grouped
, ◉ Class limits vs class boundaries. Answer: Class limits define the
class each class, often whole numbers - no overlap
Class boundaries have an extra decimal place, end in 5 and overlap
each other
◉ Class width. Answer: Distance between successive upper (or
lower limits) - NOT found by subtracting lower from upper limit in
the same class
◉ Class midpoint (Xm). Answer: Upper limit minus lower limit,
divided by 2
◉ Ungrouped frequency distribution. Answer: Where you have
classes that are each a single value (for smaller ranges)
◉ Histogram. Answer: Graph that displays data using contiguous
vertical bars, where height correlates to frequency
◉ What are the demarcations between bars on a histogram?.
Answer: The class boundaries - i.e. with the .5 on the end
◉ Frequency polygon. Answer: Graph that displays data using lines
to connect class midpoint frequencies
STUDY GUIDE 2026 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS
◉ Longitudinal study. Answer: Data collected over a long period of
time
◉ Confounding variable. Answer: One that influences the dependent
variable but was not separated from the independent variable
◉ Completely randomized experimental design. Answer: Subjects
are assigned to groups randomly, and treatments are assigned
randomly
◉ Blocking. Answer: Grouping subjects in a study into 2 or more
blocks if you anticipate different result from each group
◉ Frequency distribution. Answer: The organization of raw data in
table form, using classes and frequencies
◉ The 2 types of frequency distributions. Answer: Categorical and
grouped
, ◉ Class limits vs class boundaries. Answer: Class limits define the
class each class, often whole numbers - no overlap
Class boundaries have an extra decimal place, end in 5 and overlap
each other
◉ Class width. Answer: Distance between successive upper (or
lower limits) - NOT found by subtracting lower from upper limit in
the same class
◉ Class midpoint (Xm). Answer: Upper limit minus lower limit,
divided by 2
◉ Ungrouped frequency distribution. Answer: Where you have
classes that are each a single value (for smaller ranges)
◉ Histogram. Answer: Graph that displays data using contiguous
vertical bars, where height correlates to frequency
◉ What are the demarcations between bars on a histogram?.
Answer: The class boundaries - i.e. with the .5 on the end
◉ Frequency polygon. Answer: Graph that displays data using lines
to connect class midpoint frequencies
