EUROPEAN LAW: JHA
Blok 5 jaar 3
2020-2021
,Inhoudsopgave
Problem 1......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
What is the Schengen-Area?.....................................................................................................................................................4
What are the Schengen-rules on border check for persons enter the Schengen area?............................................................4
Is it possible for Schengen Member states to conduct checks within the territory?................................................................5
What rules regarding the reintroduction of border controls?..................................................................................................6
Solve the case............................................................................................................................................................................7
Problem 2......................................................................................................................................................................... 8
What are the grounds for being considered as a refugee + subsidiary protection?.................................................................8
Can people escaping climate change be considered as a refugee?..........................................................................................9
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................10
Problem 3....................................................................................................................................................................... 13
What are common rules on the reception of refugees and migrants?...................................................................................13
What are the rules on the procedure of applications of international protection?...............................................................14
Are there rules to determine which Member States is responsible for applications?............................................................15
Can a transfer to another Member State be blocked due to human rights considerations?.................................................16
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................17
Problem 4....................................................................................................................................................................... 19
To which rights are EU citizens entitled with regard to movement and residence in another MS? What about TCN’S?......19
TCN’S:.................................................................................................................................................................................20
Do the rights of movement and residence also extend to the family members of EU citizen? What about TCN’S?..............20
TCN’S:.................................................................................................................................................................................21
Are EU citizens entitled to receive social benefits in another MS? What about TCN’S?.........................................................22
TCN’S..................................................................................................................................................................................23
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................25
Problem 5....................................................................................................................................................................... 26
What is the European Arrest Warrant?..................................................................................................................................26
When does the European Arrest Warrant apply?...................................................................................................................27
Can the execution of a European Arrest Warrant be refused? (based on Articles in the Framework Decision)....................27
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................29
Problem 6....................................................................................................................................................................... 30
How are fundamental rights intertwined within the legal framework of the EAW?.............................................................30
Can an EAW be refused for human rights grounds?...............................................................................................................30
Break out room:......................................................................................................................................................................33
Problem 7....................................................................................................................................................................... 34
What are the EU rules on data protection?............................................................................................................................34
When and to whom do the EU-rules on data protection apply?............................................................................................34
What are the important principles of data protection?.........................................................................................................34
2
, What are the data protection rights for individuals?.............................................................................................................34
Can personal data be transferred to third-countries?............................................................................................................35
What are the rules and principles the same for collecting and processing personal data for criminal justice purposes?.....37
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................37
Problem 8....................................................................................................................................................................... 38
What is Europol?.....................................................................................................................................................................38
What is Eurojust?....................................................................................................................................................................39
What is the difference between Europol and Eurojust? And how do Europol and Eurojust cooperate?...............................39
What are the consequences of the fact that Eurojust and Europol were established through intergovernmental
cooperation?...........................................................................................................................................................................40
What is Frontex?.....................................................................................................................................................................40
Discuss the following statements...........................................................................................................................................42
3
, Problem 1
What is the Schengen-Area?
Primary law:
Legal basis of Schengen = art. 77 sub 1a, b, c & sub 2b, e & 79 TFEU
Legal basis of the right to travel and reside in the territories of the MS = art. 21(1) TFEU
Secondary legislation:
Art. 1 SBC: The goals of the regulation
Art. 2 SBC: definitions of the regulation
How the Schengen area was created – BBC news
The Schengen Agreement was implemented in 1995 (signed in 1985) and it allows freedom of movement
between the countries which are signed up to it. There are now 26 countries part of it (2015).
Guild et al.
Schengen on the map
The 22 EU member states and the non-four EU states that are signatories to the Schengen agreement are
seen on the map. Also the six states outside Schengen are seen (Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Romania and the
UK).
It operated as a separate system outside EU law until 1999. The abolition of border controls on movement of
persons across the Schengen Area actually took place on 20 march 1995.
Between 1995 and 1999 all MS joined the system except Ireland and the UK. Non-EU member states Iceland,
Norway, Liechtenstein and Switzerland also joined the system.
The SBC of 2006 codified most of the relevant Schengen rules:
o Controls at external borders;
o removal of controls at internal Schengen borders;
o police controls of the zone behind the internal border.
Anno 2021: UK, Romaina, Bulgaria and Ireland are not 1 of the Members!!
What are the Schengen-rules on border check for persons enter the Schengen area?
Art. 5 Schengen Border Code (SBC): Crossing of external borders
4
Blok 5 jaar 3
2020-2021
,Inhoudsopgave
Problem 1......................................................................................................................................................................... 4
What is the Schengen-Area?.....................................................................................................................................................4
What are the Schengen-rules on border check for persons enter the Schengen area?............................................................4
Is it possible for Schengen Member states to conduct checks within the territory?................................................................5
What rules regarding the reintroduction of border controls?..................................................................................................6
Solve the case............................................................................................................................................................................7
Problem 2......................................................................................................................................................................... 8
What are the grounds for being considered as a refugee + subsidiary protection?.................................................................8
Can people escaping climate change be considered as a refugee?..........................................................................................9
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................10
Problem 3....................................................................................................................................................................... 13
What are common rules on the reception of refugees and migrants?...................................................................................13
What are the rules on the procedure of applications of international protection?...............................................................14
Are there rules to determine which Member States is responsible for applications?............................................................15
Can a transfer to another Member State be blocked due to human rights considerations?.................................................16
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................17
Problem 4....................................................................................................................................................................... 19
To which rights are EU citizens entitled with regard to movement and residence in another MS? What about TCN’S?......19
TCN’S:.................................................................................................................................................................................20
Do the rights of movement and residence also extend to the family members of EU citizen? What about TCN’S?..............20
TCN’S:.................................................................................................................................................................................21
Are EU citizens entitled to receive social benefits in another MS? What about TCN’S?.........................................................22
TCN’S..................................................................................................................................................................................23
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................25
Problem 5....................................................................................................................................................................... 26
What is the European Arrest Warrant?..................................................................................................................................26
When does the European Arrest Warrant apply?...................................................................................................................27
Can the execution of a European Arrest Warrant be refused? (based on Articles in the Framework Decision)....................27
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................29
Problem 6....................................................................................................................................................................... 30
How are fundamental rights intertwined within the legal framework of the EAW?.............................................................30
Can an EAW be refused for human rights grounds?...............................................................................................................30
Break out room:......................................................................................................................................................................33
Problem 7....................................................................................................................................................................... 34
What are the EU rules on data protection?............................................................................................................................34
When and to whom do the EU-rules on data protection apply?............................................................................................34
What are the important principles of data protection?.........................................................................................................34
2
, What are the data protection rights for individuals?.............................................................................................................34
Can personal data be transferred to third-countries?............................................................................................................35
What are the rules and principles the same for collecting and processing personal data for criminal justice purposes?.....37
Solve the case..........................................................................................................................................................................37
Problem 8....................................................................................................................................................................... 38
What is Europol?.....................................................................................................................................................................38
What is Eurojust?....................................................................................................................................................................39
What is the difference between Europol and Eurojust? And how do Europol and Eurojust cooperate?...............................39
What are the consequences of the fact that Eurojust and Europol were established through intergovernmental
cooperation?...........................................................................................................................................................................40
What is Frontex?.....................................................................................................................................................................40
Discuss the following statements...........................................................................................................................................42
3
, Problem 1
What is the Schengen-Area?
Primary law:
Legal basis of Schengen = art. 77 sub 1a, b, c & sub 2b, e & 79 TFEU
Legal basis of the right to travel and reside in the territories of the MS = art. 21(1) TFEU
Secondary legislation:
Art. 1 SBC: The goals of the regulation
Art. 2 SBC: definitions of the regulation
How the Schengen area was created – BBC news
The Schengen Agreement was implemented in 1995 (signed in 1985) and it allows freedom of movement
between the countries which are signed up to it. There are now 26 countries part of it (2015).
Guild et al.
Schengen on the map
The 22 EU member states and the non-four EU states that are signatories to the Schengen agreement are
seen on the map. Also the six states outside Schengen are seen (Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Romania and the
UK).
It operated as a separate system outside EU law until 1999. The abolition of border controls on movement of
persons across the Schengen Area actually took place on 20 march 1995.
Between 1995 and 1999 all MS joined the system except Ireland and the UK. Non-EU member states Iceland,
Norway, Liechtenstein and Switzerland also joined the system.
The SBC of 2006 codified most of the relevant Schengen rules:
o Controls at external borders;
o removal of controls at internal Schengen borders;
o police controls of the zone behind the internal border.
Anno 2021: UK, Romaina, Bulgaria and Ireland are not 1 of the Members!!
What are the Schengen-rules on border check for persons enter the Schengen area?
Art. 5 Schengen Border Code (SBC): Crossing of external borders
4
