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Honors A+P Midterm review
Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
what are the functions of bone?Ans:support, movement,
protection, mineral homeostasis, RBC production, triglyceride
© 2026 Assignment
storage
RBC productionAns:hemopoesis
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Expert
where does hemopoesis occur?Ans:red marrow
where does triglyceride storage occur?Ans:yellow marrow
what minerals are the most abundant in bones?Ans:calcium,
phosphorus
what are the 5 classifications of bones?Ans:long, short, flat,
irregular, sesamoid
what type of bone is made up of a shaft and two
distinguishable ends?Ans:long bones
what are some examples of long bones?Ans:femur, humerus,
tibia, fibula, radius, ulna, phalanges
what are some examples of short bones?Ans:carpals, tarsals
what type of bones are small and boxy?Ans:short
, 2
what type of bones have little dimension?Ans:flat
what are some examples of flat bones?Ans:scapula, certain
cranial bones, sternum
what type of bones have odd shapes?Ans:irregular
what are some examples of irregular bones?Ans:vertebrae,
coxal, calcaneus
© 2026 Assignment
what type of bones arise out of tendons or
muscles?Ans:sesamoid
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Expert
what is an example of a sesamoid bone?Ans:patella
what is the end of a long bone called?Ans:epiphysis
what is between the epiphysis and diaphysis?Ans:metaphysis
where is the epiphyseal plate/line?Ans:metaphysis
what is the shaft of a long bone called?Ans:diaphysis
where is articular cartilage located?Ans:the exterior of the
epiphysis
what type of cartilage is articular cartilage made
of?Ans:hyaline
what is the epiphyseal plate called after the bones stop
growing?Ans:epiphyseal line
what is the covering around the shaft of the long bone
called?Ans:periosteum
, 3
what is the cavity on the interior of a long bone
called?Ans:medullary cavity
what is the inner lining if the medullary cavity
calledAns:endosteum
what important artery is found in the medullary cavity of long
bones?Ans:nutrient artery
what type of bone cell is considered a stem
© 2026 Assignment
cell?Ans:osteogenic cells
what is the function of osteogenic cells?Ans:promote the
Guru01 - Stuvia
making of extracellular matrix
Expert
which bone cell undergoes cell division?Ans:osteogenic cells
where are osteogenic cells located?Ans:periosteum,
endosteum, and red marrow
what do osteoblasts do?Ans:build bone/promotes calcification
what are osteoblasts derived from?Ans:osteogenic cells
what are osteocytes considered?Ans:mature bone cells
what is the function of osteocytes?Ans:maintain daily activities
of the bone
what are osteocytes derived from?Ans:osteoblasts
what is the function of an osteoclast?Ans:tears down bone
what are osteoclasts derived from?Ans:WBC called monocytes
, 4
what enables osteoclasts to break down bone?Ans:enzymes
within lysosomes
where are osteoclasts found?Ans:endosteum of medullary
cavity
what percentage of bone does compact make up?Ans:80%
where is compact bone found?Ans:under the periosteum,
makes up most of diaphysis
© 2026 Assignment
what is compact bone made of?Ans:building blocks known as
osteons
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
what surrounds the blood vessels in compact
bone?Ans:perforating canal
what percentage of bone does spongy bone make up?Ans:20%
what is spongy bone made of?Ans:trabeculae
where does hemopoiesis take placeAns:red marrow
where is spongy bone found?Ans:epiphysis and medullary
cavity
hyaline cartilage attached to articular bone
surfacesAns:Articular Cartilage
a small channel or canal as in bones where they connect
lacunaeAns:canaliculus
an immature cartilage cell that plays a role in cartilage
formationAns:Chondroblast
Honors A+P Midterm review
Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
what are the functions of bone?Ans:support, movement,
protection, mineral homeostasis, RBC production, triglyceride
© 2026 Assignment
storage
RBC productionAns:hemopoesis
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
where does hemopoesis occur?Ans:red marrow
where does triglyceride storage occur?Ans:yellow marrow
what minerals are the most abundant in bones?Ans:calcium,
phosphorus
what are the 5 classifications of bones?Ans:long, short, flat,
irregular, sesamoid
what type of bone is made up of a shaft and two
distinguishable ends?Ans:long bones
what are some examples of long bones?Ans:femur, humerus,
tibia, fibula, radius, ulna, phalanges
what are some examples of short bones?Ans:carpals, tarsals
what type of bones are small and boxy?Ans:short
, 2
what type of bones have little dimension?Ans:flat
what are some examples of flat bones?Ans:scapula, certain
cranial bones, sternum
what type of bones have odd shapes?Ans:irregular
what are some examples of irregular bones?Ans:vertebrae,
coxal, calcaneus
© 2026 Assignment
what type of bones arise out of tendons or
muscles?Ans:sesamoid
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
what is an example of a sesamoid bone?Ans:patella
what is the end of a long bone called?Ans:epiphysis
what is between the epiphysis and diaphysis?Ans:metaphysis
where is the epiphyseal plate/line?Ans:metaphysis
what is the shaft of a long bone called?Ans:diaphysis
where is articular cartilage located?Ans:the exterior of the
epiphysis
what type of cartilage is articular cartilage made
of?Ans:hyaline
what is the epiphyseal plate called after the bones stop
growing?Ans:epiphyseal line
what is the covering around the shaft of the long bone
called?Ans:periosteum
, 3
what is the cavity on the interior of a long bone
called?Ans:medullary cavity
what is the inner lining if the medullary cavity
calledAns:endosteum
what important artery is found in the medullary cavity of long
bones?Ans:nutrient artery
what type of bone cell is considered a stem
© 2026 Assignment
cell?Ans:osteogenic cells
what is the function of osteogenic cells?Ans:promote the
Guru01 - Stuvia
making of extracellular matrix
Expert
which bone cell undergoes cell division?Ans:osteogenic cells
where are osteogenic cells located?Ans:periosteum,
endosteum, and red marrow
what do osteoblasts do?Ans:build bone/promotes calcification
what are osteoblasts derived from?Ans:osteogenic cells
what are osteocytes considered?Ans:mature bone cells
what is the function of osteocytes?Ans:maintain daily activities
of the bone
what are osteocytes derived from?Ans:osteoblasts
what is the function of an osteoclast?Ans:tears down bone
what are osteoclasts derived from?Ans:WBC called monocytes
, 4
what enables osteoclasts to break down bone?Ans:enzymes
within lysosomes
where are osteoclasts found?Ans:endosteum of medullary
cavity
what percentage of bone does compact make up?Ans:80%
where is compact bone found?Ans:under the periosteum,
makes up most of diaphysis
© 2026 Assignment
what is compact bone made of?Ans:building blocks known as
osteons
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
what surrounds the blood vessels in compact
bone?Ans:perforating canal
what percentage of bone does spongy bone make up?Ans:20%
what is spongy bone made of?Ans:trabeculae
where does hemopoiesis take placeAns:red marrow
where is spongy bone found?Ans:epiphysis and medullary
cavity
hyaline cartilage attached to articular bone
surfacesAns:Articular Cartilage
a small channel or canal as in bones where they connect
lacunaeAns:canaliculus
an immature cartilage cell that plays a role in cartilage
formationAns:Chondroblast
