1
BIOS255: EXAM 3 REVIEW Questions
and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
Interferons (IFNs) Ans: Released by virally-infected cells to
warn neighbors of potential for infection and prevent spread.
© 2026 Assignment
No benefit to the cell that secretes them. Warned neighboring
cells can defend against virus and inhibit virus replication;
Activates NK cells and macrophages to kill infected cells
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
Fever (pyrexia) Ans: abnormal elevation of body temperature
Inflammation Ans: local, innate response to infection or
tissue injury
Heat (calor) and Redness (rubor) Ans: Signs of inflammation
due to increased blood flow to area (brings more WBCs to area)
Swelling (tumor) and Pain (dolor) Ans: Signs of inflammation
due to fluid accumulation from increased leakiness of blood
capillaries in area (allows more WBCs to leave bloodstream)
heat (calor), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), pain (dolor)
Ans: Four cardinal signs of inflammation
Natural Killer Cells Ans:
Large lymphocytes release perofins that perforate holes in
enemy cell membranes and induce apoptosis.
apoptosis Ans: programmed cell death
, 2
Cellular (cell-mediated) immunity Ans: T cells directly attack
and destroy foreign cells or diseased host cells, targets
intracellular pathogens
Humoral (antibody-mediated) immunity Ans: B cells employ
antibodies that tag pathogens for destruction; target
extracellular pathogens
Variable (V) region Ans: Antigen-binding site; binds to the
epitope of an antigen
© 2026 Assignment
IgE Ans: Found on basophils, mast cells, and eosinophils,
causes inflammation and allergies, responds to parasitic worm
Guru01 - Stuvia
infections
Expert
Negative Selection Ans: Surviving cells are tested to see if
they react too strongly to the body’s own proteins(self-
antigens); if so, they are eliminated. Ensures self-tolerance.
Autoimmune disorders Ans: The result from a failure of self-
tolerance.
MHC-II proteins Ans: Occur only on APCs; Display foreign
extracellular antigens to helper T cells that will release
chemicals to activate another immune cells
Cytotoxic T (TC) cells Ans: CD8+, binds to MHC I “Effectors” -
> directly kill infected or abnormal cells
Effectors Ans: directly kill infected or abnormal cells
Opsonization Ans: antibodies tag the pathogens for
destruction by phagocytes
Helper T Cells Ans: HIV infects CD4+ _______________.
BIOS255: EXAM 3 REVIEW Questions
and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
Interferons (IFNs) Ans: Released by virally-infected cells to
warn neighbors of potential for infection and prevent spread.
© 2026 Assignment
No benefit to the cell that secretes them. Warned neighboring
cells can defend against virus and inhibit virus replication;
Activates NK cells and macrophages to kill infected cells
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
Fever (pyrexia) Ans: abnormal elevation of body temperature
Inflammation Ans: local, innate response to infection or
tissue injury
Heat (calor) and Redness (rubor) Ans: Signs of inflammation
due to increased blood flow to area (brings more WBCs to area)
Swelling (tumor) and Pain (dolor) Ans: Signs of inflammation
due to fluid accumulation from increased leakiness of blood
capillaries in area (allows more WBCs to leave bloodstream)
heat (calor), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), pain (dolor)
Ans: Four cardinal signs of inflammation
Natural Killer Cells Ans:
Large lymphocytes release perofins that perforate holes in
enemy cell membranes and induce apoptosis.
apoptosis Ans: programmed cell death
, 2
Cellular (cell-mediated) immunity Ans: T cells directly attack
and destroy foreign cells or diseased host cells, targets
intracellular pathogens
Humoral (antibody-mediated) immunity Ans: B cells employ
antibodies that tag pathogens for destruction; target
extracellular pathogens
Variable (V) region Ans: Antigen-binding site; binds to the
epitope of an antigen
© 2026 Assignment
IgE Ans: Found on basophils, mast cells, and eosinophils,
causes inflammation and allergies, responds to parasitic worm
Guru01 - Stuvia
infections
Expert
Negative Selection Ans: Surviving cells are tested to see if
they react too strongly to the body’s own proteins(self-
antigens); if so, they are eliminated. Ensures self-tolerance.
Autoimmune disorders Ans: The result from a failure of self-
tolerance.
MHC-II proteins Ans: Occur only on APCs; Display foreign
extracellular antigens to helper T cells that will release
chemicals to activate another immune cells
Cytotoxic T (TC) cells Ans: CD8+, binds to MHC I “Effectors” -
> directly kill infected or abnormal cells
Effectors Ans: directly kill infected or abnormal cells
Opsonization Ans: antibodies tag the pathogens for
destruction by phagocytes
Helper T Cells Ans: HIV infects CD4+ _______________.
