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AP Euro Flashcards: Ch. 22-24
Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Zollverein Ans: a Prussian-led customs union that established
free trade among most German states, excluding Austria
© 2026 Assignment
realpolitik Ans: a 19th-century political approach focusing on
practical, pragmatic, and calculated actions to advance a
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state's national interests and power, rather than adhering to
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ideologies, morality, or romantic ideals
joint-stock investment banks Ans: were financial institutions
that emerged during the Industrial Revolution (19th century)
to raise capital by selling shares of stock to the public
proletariat Ans: industrial working class; individuals in a
capitalist society who do not own the means of production
(factories, machines, land) and must sell their labor for wages
to survive
pasteurization Ans: a heat-processing method developed by
French scientist Louis Pasteur in the 1860s that kills harmful
bacteria and microorganisms in liquids (such as milk, wine, or
beer) without ruining their quality
Napoleon III Ans: Emperor of France's Second Empire, who
seized power via a coup d'état in 1851. He combined
authoritarian control with modern, liberal reforms,
encouraging rapid economic growth, industrial expansion, and
, 2
the massive renovation of Paris, while maintaining a strong,
central, and sometimes authoritarian government
Crimean War Ans: a conflict where an alliance of Britain,
France, the Ottoman Empire, and Sardinia defeated Russia,
marking a pivotal breakdown in the post-Napoleonic Concert
of Europe. It was caused by disputes over Christian holy sites
and Russian expansionism, and is notable as an early modern
war utilizing telegraphs and railways
Florence Nightingale Ans: was a British nurse, statistician, and
© 2026 Assignment
social reformer who is widely considered the founder of
modern nursing. She gained fame for organizing nursing care
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for wounded British soldiers during the Crimean War (1853–
Expert
1856), where she earned the nickname "The Lady with the
Lamp" and drastically reduced death rates by improving
sanitary conditions, hygiene, and nutrition in hospitals
Cavour Ans: the Prime Minister of Piedmont-Sardinia and the
mastermind behind Italian unification (Risorgimento) in the
mid-19th century. A pragmatic conservative, he used
realpolitik—combining secret diplomacy, industrial
modernization, and war—to expel Austrian influence and unify
northern Italy under King Victor Emmanuel II
Garibaldi Ans: was an Italian revolutionary nationalist and
military leader who played a crucial role in the Unification of
Italy
Mazzini Ans: an Italian nationalist, revolutionary, and key
figure in the Risorgimento (Italian unification movement). As a
fervent democrat, he advocated for a unified Italian republic,
rejecting foreign rule (Austria) and the temporal power of the
Pope
AP Euro Flashcards: Ch. 22-24
Questions and Answers (100%
Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Zollverein Ans: a Prussian-led customs union that established
free trade among most German states, excluding Austria
© 2026 Assignment
realpolitik Ans: a 19th-century political approach focusing on
practical, pragmatic, and calculated actions to advance a
Guru01 - Stuvia
state's national interests and power, rather than adhering to
Expert
ideologies, morality, or romantic ideals
joint-stock investment banks Ans: were financial institutions
that emerged during the Industrial Revolution (19th century)
to raise capital by selling shares of stock to the public
proletariat Ans: industrial working class; individuals in a
capitalist society who do not own the means of production
(factories, machines, land) and must sell their labor for wages
to survive
pasteurization Ans: a heat-processing method developed by
French scientist Louis Pasteur in the 1860s that kills harmful
bacteria and microorganisms in liquids (such as milk, wine, or
beer) without ruining their quality
Napoleon III Ans: Emperor of France's Second Empire, who
seized power via a coup d'état in 1851. He combined
authoritarian control with modern, liberal reforms,
encouraging rapid economic growth, industrial expansion, and
, 2
the massive renovation of Paris, while maintaining a strong,
central, and sometimes authoritarian government
Crimean War Ans: a conflict where an alliance of Britain,
France, the Ottoman Empire, and Sardinia defeated Russia,
marking a pivotal breakdown in the post-Napoleonic Concert
of Europe. It was caused by disputes over Christian holy sites
and Russian expansionism, and is notable as an early modern
war utilizing telegraphs and railways
Florence Nightingale Ans: was a British nurse, statistician, and
© 2026 Assignment
social reformer who is widely considered the founder of
modern nursing. She gained fame for organizing nursing care
Guru01 - Stuvia
for wounded British soldiers during the Crimean War (1853–
Expert
1856), where she earned the nickname "The Lady with the
Lamp" and drastically reduced death rates by improving
sanitary conditions, hygiene, and nutrition in hospitals
Cavour Ans: the Prime Minister of Piedmont-Sardinia and the
mastermind behind Italian unification (Risorgimento) in the
mid-19th century. A pragmatic conservative, he used
realpolitik—combining secret diplomacy, industrial
modernization, and war—to expel Austrian influence and unify
northern Italy under King Victor Emmanuel II
Garibaldi Ans: was an Italian revolutionary nationalist and
military leader who played a crucial role in the Unification of
Italy
Mazzini Ans: an Italian nationalist, revolutionary, and key
figure in the Risorgimento (Italian unification movement). As a
fervent democrat, he advocated for a unified Italian republic,
rejecting foreign rule (Austria) and the temporal power of the
Pope
