NR507 Midterm Practice Questions
1. 1. Which of the following is a Type I hypersensitivity reaction?
●A. Contact dermatitis
●B. Anaphylaxis
●C. SLE
●D. Rheumatic fever
Answer: B
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is mediated by IgE and mast cell degranulation, typical of Type I
hypersensitivity.
2. 2. Select all that apply: Symptoms of left-sided heart failure include:
●A. Dyspnea
●B. Orthopnea
●C. Pedal edema
●D. Crackles on auscultation
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Left-sided HF leads to pulmonary congestion causing dyspnea, orthopnea, and
crackles; edema is seen in right-sided HF.
3. 3. Which lab finding is most consistent with iron deficiency anemia?
●A. High MCV
●B. High ferritin
●C. Low TIBC
,●D. Low serum iron
Answer: D
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia typically shows low serum iron and elevated TIBC.
4. 4. Which of the following conditions is associated with a restrictive pulmonary pattern?
●A. Asthma
●B. Emphysema
●C. ILD
●D. Chronic bronchitis
Answer: C
Rationale: Interstitial lung disease causes fibrosis and decreased lung compliance, a
hallmark of restrictive patterns.
5. 5. Which hormone stimulates red blood cell production in response to hypoxia?
●A. Renin
●B. Aldosterone
●C. Erythropoietin
●D. Cortisol
Answer: C
Rationale: Erythropoietin, produced by the kidneys, stimulates RBC production in response
to low oxygen.
6. 6. What lab finding is consistent with megaloblastic anemia?
●A. Low MCV
●B. High MCV
,●C. Low reticulocyte count
●D. High ferritin
Answer: B
Rationale: Megaloblastic anemia features high MCV due to impaired DNA synthesis.
7. 7. Which pulmonary disorder is associated with decreased DLCO?
●A. Asthma
●B. Emphysema
●C. Chronic bronchitis
●D. ILD
Answer: B
Rationale: Emphysema reduces alveolar surface area, decreasing DLCO.
8. 8. Which pulmonary disorder is associated with decreased DLCO?
●A. Asthma
●B. Emphysema
●C. Chronic bronchitis
●D. ILD
Answer: B
Rationale: Emphysema reduces alveolar surface area, decreasing DLCO.
9. 9. Select all that apply: Complications of chronic kidney disease include:
●A. Anemia
●B. Hyperphosphatemia
, ●C. Increased erythropoietin
●D. Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: CKD reduces erythropoietin production and vitamin D activation, leading to these
complications.
10. 10. Select all that apply: Risk factors for coronary artery disease include:
●A. Smoking
●B. Hypertension
●C. High HDL
●D. Diabetes mellitus
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: High HDL is protective; smoking, hypertension, and diabetes are risk factors.
11. 11. What lab finding is consistent with megaloblastic anemia?
●A. Low MCV
●B. High MCV
●C. Low reticulocyte count
●D. High ferritin
Answer: B
Rationale: Megaloblastic anemia features high MCV due to impaired DNA synthesis.
12. 12. Which of the following is characteristic of Type IV hypersensitivity?
●A. IgE-mediated
●B. Complement activation
1. 1. Which of the following is a Type I hypersensitivity reaction?
●A. Contact dermatitis
●B. Anaphylaxis
●C. SLE
●D. Rheumatic fever
Answer: B
Rationale: Anaphylaxis is mediated by IgE and mast cell degranulation, typical of Type I
hypersensitivity.
2. 2. Select all that apply: Symptoms of left-sided heart failure include:
●A. Dyspnea
●B. Orthopnea
●C. Pedal edema
●D. Crackles on auscultation
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Left-sided HF leads to pulmonary congestion causing dyspnea, orthopnea, and
crackles; edema is seen in right-sided HF.
3. 3. Which lab finding is most consistent with iron deficiency anemia?
●A. High MCV
●B. High ferritin
●C. Low TIBC
,●D. Low serum iron
Answer: D
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia typically shows low serum iron and elevated TIBC.
4. 4. Which of the following conditions is associated with a restrictive pulmonary pattern?
●A. Asthma
●B. Emphysema
●C. ILD
●D. Chronic bronchitis
Answer: C
Rationale: Interstitial lung disease causes fibrosis and decreased lung compliance, a
hallmark of restrictive patterns.
5. 5. Which hormone stimulates red blood cell production in response to hypoxia?
●A. Renin
●B. Aldosterone
●C. Erythropoietin
●D. Cortisol
Answer: C
Rationale: Erythropoietin, produced by the kidneys, stimulates RBC production in response
to low oxygen.
6. 6. What lab finding is consistent with megaloblastic anemia?
●A. Low MCV
●B. High MCV
,●C. Low reticulocyte count
●D. High ferritin
Answer: B
Rationale: Megaloblastic anemia features high MCV due to impaired DNA synthesis.
7. 7. Which pulmonary disorder is associated with decreased DLCO?
●A. Asthma
●B. Emphysema
●C. Chronic bronchitis
●D. ILD
Answer: B
Rationale: Emphysema reduces alveolar surface area, decreasing DLCO.
8. 8. Which pulmonary disorder is associated with decreased DLCO?
●A. Asthma
●B. Emphysema
●C. Chronic bronchitis
●D. ILD
Answer: B
Rationale: Emphysema reduces alveolar surface area, decreasing DLCO.
9. 9. Select all that apply: Complications of chronic kidney disease include:
●A. Anemia
●B. Hyperphosphatemia
, ●C. Increased erythropoietin
●D. Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: CKD reduces erythropoietin production and vitamin D activation, leading to these
complications.
10. 10. Select all that apply: Risk factors for coronary artery disease include:
●A. Smoking
●B. Hypertension
●C. High HDL
●D. Diabetes mellitus
Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: High HDL is protective; smoking, hypertension, and diabetes are risk factors.
11. 11. What lab finding is consistent with megaloblastic anemia?
●A. Low MCV
●B. High MCV
●C. Low reticulocyte count
●D. High ferritin
Answer: B
Rationale: Megaloblastic anemia features high MCV due to impaired DNA synthesis.
12. 12. Which of the following is characteristic of Type IV hypersensitivity?
●A. IgE-mediated
●B. Complement activation
