THERMOREGULATION
reader, lectures and practicals
Lecture 1.1- thermoregulation
Thermoregulation is everything related to body temperature and the maintenance regarding.
Talking about thermoregulation hypothalamus (preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus)
How does thermoregulation fit into domains:
1. Nutrition
2. Physical environment
3. Health 5. Mental/ affective state welfare status
4. Behavioral interaction
3 main reasons for housing:
1. Control of;
- growth/ production, reproduction, health and diseases
2. Manipulation of;
- behavior, feed, reproduction and longevity (how long do you want to use your
animals)
3. Conditioning of;
- climate, health and diseases
Development of housing:
- often developed for economic reasons
- increasing production
- decreasing costs
- assessed for social implications
- consequences for animals
- consequences for humans
- impact on the environment
- consequences for the third parties
measuring housing effects:
- hormonal levels
- fertility
- health and disease resistance
- behavior
- production
- growth
- heat production- and loss
Homeotherm vs. poikilotherm
- homeotherm (Tachy metabolic)
independent of environment
active regulation by the autonomic nervous system
- poikilotherm (Brady metabolic)
dependent of the environment
ectotherm: regulation through behavior
endotherm: regulation through activity
, THERMOREGULATION
reader, lectures and practicals
Environmental animals interface:
environmental change disruption of body equilibrium sensor central nervous system
regain body equilibrium response behavioral metabolic
adaptation
Energy reallocation:
Feed intake -- excreta
feed intake is depending on available nutrients
1. maintenance processes (everything happening in your body to keep you alive)
- protein turnover
- physical activity
- circulation and respiratory processes
- thermoregulation
- immunological processes
- stress response
- digestion
2. production processes
- meat, milk, eggs
- reproduction
- workload
ESSENTIAL FOR THIS COURSE
Gross energy (GE); all that is ingested in
the body
faecal energy
(FE)
Digestible energy (DE); energy that the body
can absorb
urine energy
(UE)
Metabolized energy (ME); energy that is
available for maintenance, growth and other
functions.
Maintenance production (MEP);
(MEM); metabolizable
metabolizable energy for
energy for production
Partial efficiency K; the rate
(1-K) at which ME is converted
into NE
also net energy
Fully ends in (NE), energy
heat balance (EB) or
retained energy RE)
Calculating heat (Only holds in the thermal neutral zone (TZN)
M= MEM + MEP * (1-K)
Heat production = MEM + (1-K) (ME – MEM)
reader, lectures and practicals
Lecture 1.1- thermoregulation
Thermoregulation is everything related to body temperature and the maintenance regarding.
Talking about thermoregulation hypothalamus (preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus)
How does thermoregulation fit into domains:
1. Nutrition
2. Physical environment
3. Health 5. Mental/ affective state welfare status
4. Behavioral interaction
3 main reasons for housing:
1. Control of;
- growth/ production, reproduction, health and diseases
2. Manipulation of;
- behavior, feed, reproduction and longevity (how long do you want to use your
animals)
3. Conditioning of;
- climate, health and diseases
Development of housing:
- often developed for economic reasons
- increasing production
- decreasing costs
- assessed for social implications
- consequences for animals
- consequences for humans
- impact on the environment
- consequences for the third parties
measuring housing effects:
- hormonal levels
- fertility
- health and disease resistance
- behavior
- production
- growth
- heat production- and loss
Homeotherm vs. poikilotherm
- homeotherm (Tachy metabolic)
independent of environment
active regulation by the autonomic nervous system
- poikilotherm (Brady metabolic)
dependent of the environment
ectotherm: regulation through behavior
endotherm: regulation through activity
, THERMOREGULATION
reader, lectures and practicals
Environmental animals interface:
environmental change disruption of body equilibrium sensor central nervous system
regain body equilibrium response behavioral metabolic
adaptation
Energy reallocation:
Feed intake -- excreta
feed intake is depending on available nutrients
1. maintenance processes (everything happening in your body to keep you alive)
- protein turnover
- physical activity
- circulation and respiratory processes
- thermoregulation
- immunological processes
- stress response
- digestion
2. production processes
- meat, milk, eggs
- reproduction
- workload
ESSENTIAL FOR THIS COURSE
Gross energy (GE); all that is ingested in
the body
faecal energy
(FE)
Digestible energy (DE); energy that the body
can absorb
urine energy
(UE)
Metabolized energy (ME); energy that is
available for maintenance, growth and other
functions.
Maintenance production (MEP);
(MEM); metabolizable
metabolizable energy for
energy for production
Partial efficiency K; the rate
(1-K) at which ME is converted
into NE
also net energy
Fully ends in (NE), energy
heat balance (EB) or
retained energy RE)
Calculating heat (Only holds in the thermal neutral zone (TZN)
M= MEM + MEP * (1-K)
Heat production = MEM + (1-K) (ME – MEM)
