1
NUR 642 Exam 3 Questions with Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
What are top diseases that cause death/disability in old Answer: CVA,
Cancer and CVD
Common chronic issues of old Answer: HTN, DM, CVD, arthritis,
hearing/sight loss
Primary goal of elderly and healthcare Answer: increase independence
and functionality/decrease death
Skin changes of elderly Answer: decrease sebaceous glands lead to dry
skin
decrease connective tissue leads to slow nail growth
Actinic vs sebborheic keratosis Answer: actinic= red solver papules on
areas exposed to sun
sebborheic= black dry superficial lesions with greasy appearance
Respiratory changes in old Answer: decreased chest expansion,
prominence of bony structures and muscle strength
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,2
stiff chest wall leads to decrease cough/aspiration PNA
increased use of accessory muscles
dry mucous membranes and decreased ciliary action
Cardiac changes in old Answer: thick/rigid heart valves
decreased C.O
decreased elasticity
EKG changes in old Answer: afib, BBB, left vent hypertrophy due to
HTN, 1st degree heart block (precursor to clots)
Is HTN a normal part of aging Answer: No.
HEENT changes in old Answer: presbyopia by 45 (cant accommodate)
presbycusis by age 50 (cant hear high pitch)
decreased taste, smell, touch, light/dark adaption
thickened optic lens leads to decreased peripheral vision
GI changes in old Answer: decreased motility
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,3
increased pressure threshold of rectal distension leads to constipation
and obstruction
gum recession
Liver in elderly Answer: shrinks and cant detoxify drugs/etoh
stomach in elderly Answer: decreased gastric emptying, mucosal
protection and elasticity
pancreas in elderly Answer: decreased lipase and protease
esophagus in elderly Answer: sphincter loses tension -> aspiration
GU changes in elderly Answer: menopause causes increase body
fat/lipid and cant thermoregulate
decreased urinary stream and incontinence
urinary retention
Stress vs urge incontinence causes Answer: stress due to urethral
incompetence
urge due to overactive detrusor muscle
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, 4
Neuro changes in elderly Answer: decreased synthesis and metabolism
of neurotransmitters leads to decreased movement/DTR
increased personality traits
recent memory lost decreases before remote memory
decreased thermoregulation
Is it normal for elderly to have decline in intelligence Answer: No unless
systemic/neuro disorder
Depression increases risk of what other disease Answer: CVD
suicide is highest at what age Answer: 80-84 years
Depression decreases ability to? Answer: rehab because its delayed
since family expects elderly to slow down
S/S of depression Answer: sudden onset with episodic or persistent
insominia
forgetfulness and cant concentration
no motivation
© 2025 All rights reserved
NUR 642 Exam 3 Questions with Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
What are top diseases that cause death/disability in old Answer: CVA,
Cancer and CVD
Common chronic issues of old Answer: HTN, DM, CVD, arthritis,
hearing/sight loss
Primary goal of elderly and healthcare Answer: increase independence
and functionality/decrease death
Skin changes of elderly Answer: decrease sebaceous glands lead to dry
skin
decrease connective tissue leads to slow nail growth
Actinic vs sebborheic keratosis Answer: actinic= red solver papules on
areas exposed to sun
sebborheic= black dry superficial lesions with greasy appearance
Respiratory changes in old Answer: decreased chest expansion,
prominence of bony structures and muscle strength
© 2025 All rights reserved
,2
stiff chest wall leads to decrease cough/aspiration PNA
increased use of accessory muscles
dry mucous membranes and decreased ciliary action
Cardiac changes in old Answer: thick/rigid heart valves
decreased C.O
decreased elasticity
EKG changes in old Answer: afib, BBB, left vent hypertrophy due to
HTN, 1st degree heart block (precursor to clots)
Is HTN a normal part of aging Answer: No.
HEENT changes in old Answer: presbyopia by 45 (cant accommodate)
presbycusis by age 50 (cant hear high pitch)
decreased taste, smell, touch, light/dark adaption
thickened optic lens leads to decreased peripheral vision
GI changes in old Answer: decreased motility
© 2025 All rights reserved
,3
increased pressure threshold of rectal distension leads to constipation
and obstruction
gum recession
Liver in elderly Answer: shrinks and cant detoxify drugs/etoh
stomach in elderly Answer: decreased gastric emptying, mucosal
protection and elasticity
pancreas in elderly Answer: decreased lipase and protease
esophagus in elderly Answer: sphincter loses tension -> aspiration
GU changes in elderly Answer: menopause causes increase body
fat/lipid and cant thermoregulate
decreased urinary stream and incontinence
urinary retention
Stress vs urge incontinence causes Answer: stress due to urethral
incompetence
urge due to overactive detrusor muscle
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4
Neuro changes in elderly Answer: decreased synthesis and metabolism
of neurotransmitters leads to decreased movement/DTR
increased personality traits
recent memory lost decreases before remote memory
decreased thermoregulation
Is it normal for elderly to have decline in intelligence Answer: No unless
systemic/neuro disorder
Depression increases risk of what other disease Answer: CVD
suicide is highest at what age Answer: 80-84 years
Depression decreases ability to? Answer: rehab because its delayed
since family expects elderly to slow down
S/S of depression Answer: sudden onset with episodic or persistent
insominia
forgetfulness and cant concentration
no motivation
© 2025 All rights reserved
