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NSG 411 FINAL REVIEW - Exam 2 Questions with
Answers (100% Correct Answers)
What is the cause of cardiogenic shock? Answer: Ischemia of the heart
usually due to cardiac event such as acute MI, myocarditis, myocardial
contusion, severe stenosis, etc
DIC is a disorder in which
A) the coagulation pathway is genetically altered, leading to thrombus
formation in all major blood vessels
B) an underlying disease depletes hemolytic factors in the blood,
leading to diffuse thrombotic episodes and infarcts
C) a disease process stimulates an abnormal coagulation process with
resultant thrombosis, which depletes clotting factors and platelets,
leading to both clotting and hemorrhage
D) an inherited predisposition causes a deficiency of clotting factors
that leads to overstimulation of coagulation processes in the
vasculature Answer: C) a disease process stimulates an abnormal
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coagulation process with resultant thrombosis, which depletes clotting
factors and platelets, leading to both clotting and hemorrhage
What are the primary causes of DIC? Answer: -Septicemia (40%)
-Obstetrical complications (preeclampsia, hemorrhaging, placenta
previa, fetal demise)
-Shock
-Hemolytic processes
-Malignancies
-Tissue Damage
-Liver Damage
-Autoimmune diseases (Lupus)
What clinical manifestations may suggest bleeding related to DIC?
Skin?
Respiratory?
Cardiac?
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GI?
Neurological?
GU? Answer: Skin: petechiae, purpura, pallor, oozing, hematomas
Respiratory: Tachypnea, hemoptysis, orthopnea
Cardiac: Tachycardia, hypotension
GI: Upper/Lower GI Bleed, Bloody stools, abdominal distention
Neurological: Vision changes, headache, irritability, mental status
changes
GU: Hematuria
What clinical manifestations may suggest clotting related to DIC?
Skin?
Respiratory?
Cardiac?
GI?
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, 4
GU? Answer: Skin: cyanosis, tissue necrosis, ischemic changes,
gangrene, pain
Respiratory: tachypnea, dyspnea, acute respiratory distress
Cardiac: EKG Changes, JVD
GI: Abdominal pain, paralytic ileus
GU: Oliguria, kidney damage
What is the first lab you would order if DIC is suspected? Answer: D-
dimer
Would you expect the following labs to be high/low with DIC?
D-Dimer
PT/PTT
Platelets
Fibrin
Fibrinogen Answer: D-Dimer: high
PT/PTT: high
© 2025 All rights reserved
NSG 411 FINAL REVIEW - Exam 2 Questions with
Answers (100% Correct Answers)
What is the cause of cardiogenic shock? Answer: Ischemia of the heart
usually due to cardiac event such as acute MI, myocarditis, myocardial
contusion, severe stenosis, etc
DIC is a disorder in which
A) the coagulation pathway is genetically altered, leading to thrombus
formation in all major blood vessels
B) an underlying disease depletes hemolytic factors in the blood,
leading to diffuse thrombotic episodes and infarcts
C) a disease process stimulates an abnormal coagulation process with
resultant thrombosis, which depletes clotting factors and platelets,
leading to both clotting and hemorrhage
D) an inherited predisposition causes a deficiency of clotting factors
that leads to overstimulation of coagulation processes in the
vasculature Answer: C) a disease process stimulates an abnormal
© 2025 All rights reserved
,2
coagulation process with resultant thrombosis, which depletes clotting
factors and platelets, leading to both clotting and hemorrhage
What are the primary causes of DIC? Answer: -Septicemia (40%)
-Obstetrical complications (preeclampsia, hemorrhaging, placenta
previa, fetal demise)
-Shock
-Hemolytic processes
-Malignancies
-Tissue Damage
-Liver Damage
-Autoimmune diseases (Lupus)
What clinical manifestations may suggest bleeding related to DIC?
Skin?
Respiratory?
Cardiac?
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,3
GI?
Neurological?
GU? Answer: Skin: petechiae, purpura, pallor, oozing, hematomas
Respiratory: Tachypnea, hemoptysis, orthopnea
Cardiac: Tachycardia, hypotension
GI: Upper/Lower GI Bleed, Bloody stools, abdominal distention
Neurological: Vision changes, headache, irritability, mental status
changes
GU: Hematuria
What clinical manifestations may suggest clotting related to DIC?
Skin?
Respiratory?
Cardiac?
GI?
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, 4
GU? Answer: Skin: cyanosis, tissue necrosis, ischemic changes,
gangrene, pain
Respiratory: tachypnea, dyspnea, acute respiratory distress
Cardiac: EKG Changes, JVD
GI: Abdominal pain, paralytic ileus
GU: Oliguria, kidney damage
What is the first lab you would order if DIC is suspected? Answer: D-
dimer
Would you expect the following labs to be high/low with DIC?
D-Dimer
PT/PTT
Platelets
Fibrin
Fibrinogen Answer: D-Dimer: high
PT/PTT: high
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