Legal english – terinology
MEETING 1
Re battle = to fight back or respond to an argument or criticism
Eu internal market = 1 market that allows free movement of goods, services,
capital and people across EU countries, promoting trade and economic
integration.
Free movement of people = allows every citizen to live, work and travel freely
across member states without needing visa or work permits
Treaty = a formal legally binding agreement between countries or international
entities, often addressing issues like trade, peace or alliances
TEU = treaty on European Union
Establishes the EU’s framework, principles and key institutions, outlining
how member states cooperate
MEETING 2
Competence = the power or the authority to legislate and take action in specific
areas, allowing an entity ( EU ) to make decisions and implement laws withing
those areas.
European Council = a key Eu institution where the heads of state or government
of member countries meet to define the Eu’s broad political agenda and
priorities. Doesn’t pass laws but provides overall direction on important issues
like foreign policy, economic strategy and crises. “sets political plans/goals”
Council of ministers = council of the EU, one of the main decision: making bodies
of the EU. It consist of one minister from each EU member state, with the specific
minister depending on the area discussed discus and pass laws, make policies
and coordinate decisions on issues like trade, environment and security
European Commission = made up of one commissioner from each EU member
state proposes new laws, enforces EU policies and manages the day-to day
functions of the Union.
, CJEU ( Court of Justice of EU ): Ensures law is interpreted and applied consistently
across member states.
- Court of justice = one judge from each EU member state, 11 advocates
general who provide legal opinions on cases.
- General court = one or more judges from each EU member state, handling
cases including individuals, companies and some member states.
ECTHR ( European court of human rights ) = part of the council of Europe and
hears cases on human rights violations by its 47 member states interpret the
laws
Preliminary reference = when a lower court asks a higher court to clarify how to
interpret or apply a law in a specific case.
Appeal = Legal process where a higher court reviews the decision of a lower
court to ensure it was correct.
MEETING 3
Living Instrument = a legal principle where a treaty or constitution is interpreted
to evolve with changing societal conditions, ensuring it remains relevant over
time
ECHR = an international treaty established by the council of Europe to protect
human rights and fundamental freedoms
Convention = treaty
Exhaustion of domestic remedies = requires individuals to use all legal options in
their own county before applying ro an international court.
Negative obligations (not to act) States must refrain from interfering from
influencing the Human Rights.
Positive obligations (when to act) States need to take action to protect ones
Human Right.
MEETING 1
Re battle = to fight back or respond to an argument or criticism
Eu internal market = 1 market that allows free movement of goods, services,
capital and people across EU countries, promoting trade and economic
integration.
Free movement of people = allows every citizen to live, work and travel freely
across member states without needing visa or work permits
Treaty = a formal legally binding agreement between countries or international
entities, often addressing issues like trade, peace or alliances
TEU = treaty on European Union
Establishes the EU’s framework, principles and key institutions, outlining
how member states cooperate
MEETING 2
Competence = the power or the authority to legislate and take action in specific
areas, allowing an entity ( EU ) to make decisions and implement laws withing
those areas.
European Council = a key Eu institution where the heads of state or government
of member countries meet to define the Eu’s broad political agenda and
priorities. Doesn’t pass laws but provides overall direction on important issues
like foreign policy, economic strategy and crises. “sets political plans/goals”
Council of ministers = council of the EU, one of the main decision: making bodies
of the EU. It consist of one minister from each EU member state, with the specific
minister depending on the area discussed discus and pass laws, make policies
and coordinate decisions on issues like trade, environment and security
European Commission = made up of one commissioner from each EU member
state proposes new laws, enforces EU policies and manages the day-to day
functions of the Union.
, CJEU ( Court of Justice of EU ): Ensures law is interpreted and applied consistently
across member states.
- Court of justice = one judge from each EU member state, 11 advocates
general who provide legal opinions on cases.
- General court = one or more judges from each EU member state, handling
cases including individuals, companies and some member states.
ECTHR ( European court of human rights ) = part of the council of Europe and
hears cases on human rights violations by its 47 member states interpret the
laws
Preliminary reference = when a lower court asks a higher court to clarify how to
interpret or apply a law in a specific case.
Appeal = Legal process where a higher court reviews the decision of a lower
court to ensure it was correct.
MEETING 3
Living Instrument = a legal principle where a treaty or constitution is interpreted
to evolve with changing societal conditions, ensuring it remains relevant over
time
ECHR = an international treaty established by the council of Europe to protect
human rights and fundamental freedoms
Convention = treaty
Exhaustion of domestic remedies = requires individuals to use all legal options in
their own county before applying ro an international court.
Negative obligations (not to act) States must refrain from interfering from
influencing the Human Rights.
Positive obligations (when to act) States need to take action to protect ones
Human Right.
