Engels: samenvatting
Book: financial English
Unit 1: numbers
Engels gebruikt komma’s om grote getallen duidelijk te maken
bv. 1,000,000
Engels gebruikt PUNTEN als kommagetal
bv. 0.5% = zero point five percent
1,000,000 = 106 = ten to the power six
Verrschil Brits & Amerikaans:
o Britten zeggen “and” na een honderdtal
bv. 123 one hundred and twenty-three
o Amerikanen zeggen dat niet
bv. 123 one hundred twenty-three
Nummer vs jaar:
o Nummer = 1,999 one thousand nine hundred (and) ninety-nine
o Jaar = 1999 nineteen ninety-nine
Zero, nil, nought, oh, love, zip,…
o Oh = voor telefoonnummers, kamernummers,busnummers
bv. 507 = five oh seven
o Nil = voetbalscores
bv. Brazil won 3-0 = three nil
o Zip = AMERICAN ENGLISH bij sport maar die gebruiken ook nothing
bv. Breazil won three nothing // Brazil won three zip
o Love = bij tennis
bv. the score is 30-0. = thirty love
Een geldding is altijd voor het cijfer geschreven
bv. $8.55 // £7,000.50
Breuken?:
o 7/32 seven thirty-seconds
o ¼ one quarter
o 2 ½ two and a half
Berekeningen:
o Optellen = to add
o Aftrekken = to deduct // to subtract
o Vermenigvuldigen = to multiply
o Delen = to divide
o Vierkantswortel = square root
o 10³ = ten cubed
o 10² = ten squared
1
,Unit 5: Trade and economics
5.1. Pricing
ENGELS BESCHRIJVING NEDERLANDS
Pricing decision Determination of price for a Prijsbepaling
product.
Production cost Costs that come with the Productiekost
manufacture of a finished
product.
Distribution cost Transmission costs from Distributiekost
producer to consumer.
To demand 1. The willingness and ability of 1. Vraag
consumers to purchase goods 2. Eisen
and services.
2. To ask for something
forcefully.
Competitor A rival in business offering the Concurrent
same or similar goods/services
Revenue Money received by a business Inkomst/omzet
for goods sold and services
provided.
Market share A company’s sales expressed Marktaandeel
as a percentage of the total
sales in a market.
Profit target An amount of profit that a Winstdoel
company wants to make,
which determines pricing
strategies etc.
Sales target A quantity of sales that a Verkoopdoelstelling
company wants to make,
which determines pricing
strategies etc.
Pricing strategy A certain way in which a Prijsstrategie
company deals with the
marketing mix tool price (4 P’s)
Market positioning Situating a product in relation Marktpositie
to others already on the
market
Quality products A product of quality Kwaliteitsproduct
Exchange rate The price at which one Valutakoers
currency can be exchanged of
another.
Import tax A tax on incoming products Importbelasting/importheffing
from abroad.
Total cost Total fixed costs plus total Totale kost
variable costs
Profit The difference between the Winst
price received for a product
and its cost
Price cut Decrease in price Prijsdaling
Price war Reciprocal price cuts between Prijzenoorlog
2
, competitors in attempt to gain
a larger market share.
Marketing mix Marketing mix
Supply The willingness and ability to Aanbod
offer goods and services for
sale.
Price variation Different prices within the Prijsvariatie
market. Also, the company
can, within a certain margin,
determine the price of the
products itself.
Elastic Describes demand which Elastisch
changes directly in response to
price variations.
Inelastic Describes demand which does Inelastisch
not change in response to
price variations.
5.2. Pricing strategies
ENGELS BESCHRIJVING NEDERLANDS
Current-revenue pricing Charging a high price to Tarieven op basis van de
maximize sales in the short huidige inkomsten
sheet
Differential pricing Charging different prices to Differentiatie van prijsstelling
different groups of customers
for the same product
Going-rate pricing Charging the same price as Prijzen op basis van
competitors concurrentie
Loss-leader pricing Selling a few products at a loss Verlies-leidende prijzen
in order to attract customers.
Market skimming pricing Launching a product at a very Prijsbepaling door de markt
high price to make a profit
from the segment that is
prepared to pay the price
Mark-up / cost-plus pricing Adding a percentage to unit Winstmarge / kostprijs plus
cost prijzen
Odd pricing or odd-even Using prices that are less than Onevenredige prijsstelling of
pricing a round number for their onevenwichtige prijsstelling
supposed psychological effect
Penetration pricing Selling a new product at a low Penetratieprijzen
price, hoping to get a big
market share
Perceived-value pricing Charging a high price for a Prijsstelling op basis van
product because buyers gepercipieerde waarde
perceive it to be of high quality
3
, 5.3. Ways of Selling
ENGELS BESCHRIJVING NEDERLANDS
Agent A person who acts for or Vertegenwoordiger / makelaar
represents or negotiates
purchases and sales for
another person.
Distribution channel The process by which a Ditributiekanaal
product is placed on the
market.
End-users The last buyer of the product Eind-consument
A person who consumes
goods.
Franchise(e) A system of distributing Franchise
products by selling local rights
to independent retailers
Outlet A place where goods are sold Outlet / verkooppunt
to the public.
Retailer A merchant such as a detailhandelaar
shopkeeper who sells to the
final costomer.
Sales force The collective term for a Verkoopteam
company’s salespersons
Wholesaler An intermediary between Groothandelaar
producers and retailers, who
stocks goods and delivers them
when ordered.
Intermediary An organization involved in a Tussenpersoon
distribution channel between
producers and costumers.
Middleman Intermediaries between Tussenpersoon
producers and consumers in a
distribution channel (zelfde als
intermediary)
Chain of distribution Alternative for distribution Distributiekanaal
channel
Direct marketing Selling directly to customers Directe marketing
without using intermediaries.
Sales agent Profession in the sales Verkoopsagent
department.
Business-to-business (B2B) Concerns products sold by a B2B
company to another company
rather than to an end-user.
Authorized With the officially recognised Geautoriseerd/erkend/
right to do something. bevoegd/toegelaten
Dealer A person who buys and resells Dealer
merchandise to make a profit.
Distributor Profession of a person or Distributeur
company distributing goods
from producer to consumer.
4
Book: financial English
Unit 1: numbers
Engels gebruikt komma’s om grote getallen duidelijk te maken
bv. 1,000,000
Engels gebruikt PUNTEN als kommagetal
bv. 0.5% = zero point five percent
1,000,000 = 106 = ten to the power six
Verrschil Brits & Amerikaans:
o Britten zeggen “and” na een honderdtal
bv. 123 one hundred and twenty-three
o Amerikanen zeggen dat niet
bv. 123 one hundred twenty-three
Nummer vs jaar:
o Nummer = 1,999 one thousand nine hundred (and) ninety-nine
o Jaar = 1999 nineteen ninety-nine
Zero, nil, nought, oh, love, zip,…
o Oh = voor telefoonnummers, kamernummers,busnummers
bv. 507 = five oh seven
o Nil = voetbalscores
bv. Brazil won 3-0 = three nil
o Zip = AMERICAN ENGLISH bij sport maar die gebruiken ook nothing
bv. Breazil won three nothing // Brazil won three zip
o Love = bij tennis
bv. the score is 30-0. = thirty love
Een geldding is altijd voor het cijfer geschreven
bv. $8.55 // £7,000.50
Breuken?:
o 7/32 seven thirty-seconds
o ¼ one quarter
o 2 ½ two and a half
Berekeningen:
o Optellen = to add
o Aftrekken = to deduct // to subtract
o Vermenigvuldigen = to multiply
o Delen = to divide
o Vierkantswortel = square root
o 10³ = ten cubed
o 10² = ten squared
1
,Unit 5: Trade and economics
5.1. Pricing
ENGELS BESCHRIJVING NEDERLANDS
Pricing decision Determination of price for a Prijsbepaling
product.
Production cost Costs that come with the Productiekost
manufacture of a finished
product.
Distribution cost Transmission costs from Distributiekost
producer to consumer.
To demand 1. The willingness and ability of 1. Vraag
consumers to purchase goods 2. Eisen
and services.
2. To ask for something
forcefully.
Competitor A rival in business offering the Concurrent
same or similar goods/services
Revenue Money received by a business Inkomst/omzet
for goods sold and services
provided.
Market share A company’s sales expressed Marktaandeel
as a percentage of the total
sales in a market.
Profit target An amount of profit that a Winstdoel
company wants to make,
which determines pricing
strategies etc.
Sales target A quantity of sales that a Verkoopdoelstelling
company wants to make,
which determines pricing
strategies etc.
Pricing strategy A certain way in which a Prijsstrategie
company deals with the
marketing mix tool price (4 P’s)
Market positioning Situating a product in relation Marktpositie
to others already on the
market
Quality products A product of quality Kwaliteitsproduct
Exchange rate The price at which one Valutakoers
currency can be exchanged of
another.
Import tax A tax on incoming products Importbelasting/importheffing
from abroad.
Total cost Total fixed costs plus total Totale kost
variable costs
Profit The difference between the Winst
price received for a product
and its cost
Price cut Decrease in price Prijsdaling
Price war Reciprocal price cuts between Prijzenoorlog
2
, competitors in attempt to gain
a larger market share.
Marketing mix Marketing mix
Supply The willingness and ability to Aanbod
offer goods and services for
sale.
Price variation Different prices within the Prijsvariatie
market. Also, the company
can, within a certain margin,
determine the price of the
products itself.
Elastic Describes demand which Elastisch
changes directly in response to
price variations.
Inelastic Describes demand which does Inelastisch
not change in response to
price variations.
5.2. Pricing strategies
ENGELS BESCHRIJVING NEDERLANDS
Current-revenue pricing Charging a high price to Tarieven op basis van de
maximize sales in the short huidige inkomsten
sheet
Differential pricing Charging different prices to Differentiatie van prijsstelling
different groups of customers
for the same product
Going-rate pricing Charging the same price as Prijzen op basis van
competitors concurrentie
Loss-leader pricing Selling a few products at a loss Verlies-leidende prijzen
in order to attract customers.
Market skimming pricing Launching a product at a very Prijsbepaling door de markt
high price to make a profit
from the segment that is
prepared to pay the price
Mark-up / cost-plus pricing Adding a percentage to unit Winstmarge / kostprijs plus
cost prijzen
Odd pricing or odd-even Using prices that are less than Onevenredige prijsstelling of
pricing a round number for their onevenwichtige prijsstelling
supposed psychological effect
Penetration pricing Selling a new product at a low Penetratieprijzen
price, hoping to get a big
market share
Perceived-value pricing Charging a high price for a Prijsstelling op basis van
product because buyers gepercipieerde waarde
perceive it to be of high quality
3
, 5.3. Ways of Selling
ENGELS BESCHRIJVING NEDERLANDS
Agent A person who acts for or Vertegenwoordiger / makelaar
represents or negotiates
purchases and sales for
another person.
Distribution channel The process by which a Ditributiekanaal
product is placed on the
market.
End-users The last buyer of the product Eind-consument
A person who consumes
goods.
Franchise(e) A system of distributing Franchise
products by selling local rights
to independent retailers
Outlet A place where goods are sold Outlet / verkooppunt
to the public.
Retailer A merchant such as a detailhandelaar
shopkeeper who sells to the
final costomer.
Sales force The collective term for a Verkoopteam
company’s salespersons
Wholesaler An intermediary between Groothandelaar
producers and retailers, who
stocks goods and delivers them
when ordered.
Intermediary An organization involved in a Tussenpersoon
distribution channel between
producers and costumers.
Middleman Intermediaries between Tussenpersoon
producers and consumers in a
distribution channel (zelfde als
intermediary)
Chain of distribution Alternative for distribution Distributiekanaal
channel
Direct marketing Selling directly to customers Directe marketing
without using intermediaries.
Sales agent Profession in the sales Verkoopsagent
department.
Business-to-business (B2B) Concerns products sold by a B2B
company to another company
rather than to an end-user.
Authorized With the officially recognised Geautoriseerd/erkend/
right to do something. bevoegd/toegelaten
Dealer A person who buys and resells Dealer
merchandise to make a profit.
Distributor Profession of a person or Distributeur
company distributing goods
from producer to consumer.
4
