Malika De Ridder & Zoë Nicasie – 2024-2025
Samenvatting Academisch schrijven
Inhoudsopgave
1 Inleiding .................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Definitie ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.2 New! Use of AI-tool .................................................................................................................................... 6
2 Onderzoeksproces ..................................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Fase 1: Startpunt ........................................................................................................................................ 7
2.2 Fase 2: Brainstormfase ............................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Mindmap ............................................................................................................................................. 7
2.2.2 Inhoudstafel ........................................................................................................................................ 7
2.2.3 Teken je plan ....................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.4 Wat is een wetenschappelijke paper? ................................................................................................... 7
2.3 Fase 3: Verkenningsfase ............................................................................................................................. 8
2.4 Fase 4: Uitwerken probleemstelling/onderzoeksvragen/hypothese, … .........................................................10
2.4.1 Probleemstelling uitwerken .................................................................................................................10
2.4.2 Probleemstelling aankaarten ...............................................................................................................10
2.4.3 Van probleemstelling naar onderzoeksvraag ........................................................................................10
2.5 Fase 5: Keuze methode en design ..............................................................................................................11
2.6 Fase 6: Tekstschema .................................................................................................................................11
2.7 Fase 7: Schrijven .......................................................................................................................................12
3 Wetenschappelijke paper: tekstopbouw ................................................................................................... 13
3.1 Introductie/inleiding ..................................................................................................................................13
3.1.1 Opbouw introductie ............................................................................................................................13
3.1.2 Enkele voorbeelden van introducties ....................................................................................................15
3.1.3 Voorbeeld van een intro.......................................................................................................................16
3.1.4 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................17
3.1.5 Trechterstructuur ................................................................................................................................18
3.2 Middenstuk...............................................................................................................................................18
3.2.1 Theorie + onderzoeksvragen/hypo’s .....................................................................................................18
3.2.2 Methode en materiaal .........................................................................................................................18
3.2.3 Analyse en resultaten ..........................................................................................................................18
3.2.4 Voorbeeld van een middenstuk ............................................................................................................18
3.3 Discussie (en conclusie) ............................................................................................................................18
3.4 Tips tekstopbouw ......................................................................................................................................19
4 Wetenschappelijke stijl............................................................................................................................ 20
4.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................20
4.2 Soorten taalgebruik ...................................................................................................................................20
4.2.1 Te persoonlijk taalgebruik ....................................................................................................................20
4.2.2 Gebruik vaktaal ...................................................................................................................................20
4.2.3 Omslachtig taalgebruik .......................................................................................................................20
4.2.4 Ik & wij................................................................................................................................................21
4.2.5 Subjectief taalgebruik .........................................................................................................................22
4.3 Woordenschat en grammaticafouten .........................................................................................................22
4.3.1 Gebruik van hoofd- en bijzinnen ...........................................................................................................22
4.3.2 Signaal- of structuurwoorden ..............................................................................................................23
4.3.3 Foutief gebruik van gaan ......................................................................................................................23
, 4.3.4 Overeenkomst onderwerp en werkwoord .............................................................................................23
4.3.5 Verwijswoorden ..................................................................................................................................23
4.3.6 Tangconstructies ................................................................................................................................23
4.3.7 Afkortingen .........................................................................................................................................23
4.3.8 Getallen .............................................................................................................................................23
4.4 Tips leesbaarheid ......................................................................................................................................24
5 Macro- en microstructuur ........................................................................................................................ 25
5.1 Macrostructuur .........................................................................................................................................25
5.1.1 Titel....................................................................................................................................................25
5.1.2 Structuur ............................................................................................................................................26
5.2 Microstructuur ..........................................................................................................................................27
5.2.1 Alinea’s en paragrafen .........................................................................................................................27
5.2.2 Verwijswoorden ..................................................................................................................................28
5.2.3 Verbindingswoorden ...........................................................................................................................28
5.2.4 Hoofdstuk ..........................................................................................................................................28
5.2.5 Coherentie en cohesie ........................................................................................................................29
5.2.6 Lay-out ...............................................................................................................................................29
6 Literatuurstudie ....................................................................................................................................... 30
6.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................30
6.1.1 Denk en herdenk .................................................................................................................................30
6.1.2 Wat is een literatuurstudie? .................................................................................................................31
6.1.3 Thesis vs wetenschappelijk artikel .......................................................................................................31
6.2 Opstellen literatuurstudie ..........................................................................................................................31
6.2.1 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................31
6.3 Na of tijdens de literatuurstudie .................................................................................................................31
6.3.1 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................32
6.4 Do’s en don’ts ...........................................................................................................................................32
6.5 AI & literatuurstudie ..................................................................................................................................32
7 Refereren ................................................................................................................................................ 33
7.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................33
7.2 Citeren .....................................................................................................................................................33
7.3 Parafraseren .............................................................................................................................................33
7.3.1 Primaire vs secundaire bronnen ...........................................................................................................34
7.4 Refereren..................................................................................................................................................34
7.5 APA-stijl ....................................................................................................................................................35
7.5.1 Referenties in bibliografiee ..................................................................................................................35
7.5.2 In-tekst referenties ..............................................................................................................................37
7.5.3 Software.............................................................................................................................................39
7.5.4 Figuren & tabellen ...............................................................................................................................40
7.6 Plagiaat ....................................................................................................................................................40
7.6.1 No quotation marks ............................................................................................................................40
7.6.2 Without source references ..................................................................................................................40
7.6.3 Unmentioned secondary sources ........................................................................................................40
7.6.4 Minimal or misleading adaptions .........................................................................................................40
7.6.5 Self-plagiarism ...................................................................................................................................40
7.6.6 Chat GPT en andere AI-tools ................................................................................................................41
7.6.7 Potentiële sancties .............................................................................................................................42
8 Methode .................................................................................................................................................. 43
8.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................43
8.1.1 Descriptief & causaal ..........................................................................................................................43
2
, 8.1.2 Kwalitatief vs. kwantitatief ...................................................................................................................43
8.2 Hypotheses & conceptueel model..............................................................................................................43
8.2.1 Van onderzoeksvraag of hypothese naar meetvraag ..............................................................................43
8.2.2 Conceptueel model ............................................................................................................................44
8.3 Moderatie/mediatie/ … ..............................................................................................................................45
8.3.1 Hoofdeffect vs interactie-effect ...........................................................................................................45
8.4 Methode uitschrijven .................................................................................................................................46
8.4.1 Basis ..................................................................................................................................................46
8.4.2 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................49
8.4.3 Gebruikte analyses .............................................................................................................................49
9 Resultaten & discussie ............................................................................................................................. 50
9.1 Resultaten + tabellen & figuren ..................................................................................................................50
9.1.1 Resultaten ..........................................................................................................................................50
9.1.2 Specifieke regels.................................................................................................................................50
9.1.3 Tabellen & figuren ...............................................................................................................................50
9.1.4 Grafieken ...........................................................................................................................................51
9.2 Rapportage van resultaten .........................................................................................................................51
9.2.1 Beschrijvende statistiek ......................................................................................................................51
9.2.2 Inferentiële statistiek ..........................................................................................................................51
9.2.3 Significantieniveau..............................................................................................................................51
9.2.4 T-test .................................................................................................................................................51
9.2.5 Underscript ........................................................................................................................................52
9.2.6 Verschillende vormen van ANOVA .......................................................................................................52
9.2.7 Interactie-effecten en groepsverschillen ..............................................................................................52
9.2.8 Pearson correlaties .............................................................................................................................52
9.2.9 Regressie ...........................................................................................................................................53
9.2.10 Mediatie ..........................................................................................................................................53
9.2.11 Rapportage kwalitatief onderzoek .....................................................................................................53
9.3 Discussie..................................................................................................................................................54
9.3.1 Korte samenvatting .............................................................................................................................54
9.3.2 Theoretische implicaties .....................................................................................................................54
9.3.3 Praktische implicaties .........................................................................................................................54
9.3.4 Beperkingen .......................................................................................................................................55
9.3.5 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................55
9.3.6 Future research ..................................................................................................................................55
9.3.7 Conclusie ...........................................................................................................................................55
9.4 Framework, tabellen, figuren buiten de resultaten ......................................................................................55
10 Engelse & Nederlandse woordenschat ................................................................................................... 56
10.1 Verwarrende woorden in het Engels .........................................................................................................56
10.1.1 Though, thought, … ..........................................................................................................................56
10.1.2 Affect and effect ..............................................................................................................................56
10.1.3 Then vs than ....................................................................................................................................56
10.1.4 They’re, there and their ....................................................................................................................57
10.2 Structuurwoorden in het Nederlands ......................................................................................................57
10.2.1 Oefeningen: herschrijf naar het Nederlands ......................................................................................58
10.3 Time expressions ...................................................................................................................................59
10.4 Engelse voorzetsels ...............................................................................................................................59
10.4.1 Prepositions of direction ..................................................................................................................59
10.4.2 Prepositions of time .........................................................................................................................59
10.4.3 Prepositions of location ....................................................................................................................60
10.4.4 Prepositions of spatial relationships ..................................................................................................60
10.4.5 Prepositions of place .......................................................................................................................60
10.5 Countable & uncountable.......................................................................................................................60
3
, 10.6 Parallel structures..................................................................................................................................60
10.6.1 Both … and … ..................................................................................................................................61
10.6.2 Either … or (= one or the other) ..........................................................................................................61
10.6.3 Neither … nor ..................................................................................................................................61
10.6.4 Not … but rather ..............................................................................................................................61
10.6.5 Not only … but also ..........................................................................................................................62
10.6.6 Oefeningen......................................................................................................................................62
10.6.7 Parallelle structuur in het Nederlands ...............................................................................................62
10.7 Link words .............................................................................................................................................63
10.7.1 Oefening .........................................................................................................................................64
11 Abstract & overig .................................................................................................................................. 66
11.1 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................66
11.1.1 Grafisch abstract .............................................................................................................................66
11.1.2 Structured abstract ..........................................................................................................................67
11.1.3 Verschil tussen abstract en introductie .............................................................................................67
11.2 Tips & tricks ...........................................................................................................................................67
11.2.1 Mailing ............................................................................................................................................67
11.3 Start to thesis ........................................................................................................................................67
12 (G)AI (gastles) ....................................................................................................................................... 69
12.1 De rol van (G)AI in jouw onderzoek ..........................................................................................................69
12.1.1 Hoe werkt het? ................................................................................................................................69
12.1.2 Hoe werk ik er dan mee? ..................................................................................................................69
12.1.3 Wat is (G)AI niet? .............................................................................................................................70
12.1.4 Hoe kan je (G)AI verantwoord inzetten? .............................................................................................70
12.1.5 Unveiling AI BIAS ..............................................................................................................................70
12.1.6 Gebruik de juiste AI-tool ...................................................................................................................71
12.1.7 Fraude-plagiaat-competenties .........................................................................................................71
12.2 Research problem & question .................................................................................................................71
12.2.1 (G)AI inzetten bij het afbakenen van je onderwerp ..............................................................................71
12.3 Theoretische achtergrond en literatuur....................................................................................................72
12.3.1 (G)AI inzetten bij jouw literatuurstudie...............................................................................................72
12.3.2 Valse artikels? .................................................................................................................................73
12.3.3 (G)AI inzetten bij het analyseren van pdf’s .........................................................................................73
12.4 Relevance and conclusion ......................................................................................................................73
12.4.1 Correct gebruik ................................................................................................................................73
12.4.2 Niet correct gebruik .........................................................................................................................73
12.5 Format en taal .......................................................................................................................................74
12.5.1 Correct gebruik ................................................................................................................................74
12.5.2 Hoe verwijzen naar (G)AI? Transparant. .............................................................................................74
12.5.3 Wat moeten we nu onthouden? ........................................................................................................75
12.6 Wooclap ................................................................................................................................................75
13 ACTO (gastles) ...................................................................................................................................... 77
13.1 Wat doen ze? .........................................................................................................................................77
13.2 Soorten fouten .......................................................................................................................................77
13.3 Lagere-orde fouten.................................................................................................................................78
13.3.1 Samenstellingen ..............................................................................................................................78
13.3.2 Samentrekkingen .............................................................................................................................78
13.3.3 Opsommingen .................................................................................................................................78
13.3.4 Voorzetsels .....................................................................................................................................79
13.4 Hogere-orde fouten ................................................................................................................................79
13.4.1 Verschillende manier om schrijven aan te pakken ..............................................................................80
4
Samenvatting Academisch schrijven
Inhoudsopgave
1 Inleiding .................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.1 Definitie ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.2 New! Use of AI-tool .................................................................................................................................... 6
2 Onderzoeksproces ..................................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Fase 1: Startpunt ........................................................................................................................................ 7
2.2 Fase 2: Brainstormfase ............................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Mindmap ............................................................................................................................................. 7
2.2.2 Inhoudstafel ........................................................................................................................................ 7
2.2.3 Teken je plan ....................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.4 Wat is een wetenschappelijke paper? ................................................................................................... 7
2.3 Fase 3: Verkenningsfase ............................................................................................................................. 8
2.4 Fase 4: Uitwerken probleemstelling/onderzoeksvragen/hypothese, … .........................................................10
2.4.1 Probleemstelling uitwerken .................................................................................................................10
2.4.2 Probleemstelling aankaarten ...............................................................................................................10
2.4.3 Van probleemstelling naar onderzoeksvraag ........................................................................................10
2.5 Fase 5: Keuze methode en design ..............................................................................................................11
2.6 Fase 6: Tekstschema .................................................................................................................................11
2.7 Fase 7: Schrijven .......................................................................................................................................12
3 Wetenschappelijke paper: tekstopbouw ................................................................................................... 13
3.1 Introductie/inleiding ..................................................................................................................................13
3.1.1 Opbouw introductie ............................................................................................................................13
3.1.2 Enkele voorbeelden van introducties ....................................................................................................15
3.1.3 Voorbeeld van een intro.......................................................................................................................16
3.1.4 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................17
3.1.5 Trechterstructuur ................................................................................................................................18
3.2 Middenstuk...............................................................................................................................................18
3.2.1 Theorie + onderzoeksvragen/hypo’s .....................................................................................................18
3.2.2 Methode en materiaal .........................................................................................................................18
3.2.3 Analyse en resultaten ..........................................................................................................................18
3.2.4 Voorbeeld van een middenstuk ............................................................................................................18
3.3 Discussie (en conclusie) ............................................................................................................................18
3.4 Tips tekstopbouw ......................................................................................................................................19
4 Wetenschappelijke stijl............................................................................................................................ 20
4.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................20
4.2 Soorten taalgebruik ...................................................................................................................................20
4.2.1 Te persoonlijk taalgebruik ....................................................................................................................20
4.2.2 Gebruik vaktaal ...................................................................................................................................20
4.2.3 Omslachtig taalgebruik .......................................................................................................................20
4.2.4 Ik & wij................................................................................................................................................21
4.2.5 Subjectief taalgebruik .........................................................................................................................22
4.3 Woordenschat en grammaticafouten .........................................................................................................22
4.3.1 Gebruik van hoofd- en bijzinnen ...........................................................................................................22
4.3.2 Signaal- of structuurwoorden ..............................................................................................................23
4.3.3 Foutief gebruik van gaan ......................................................................................................................23
, 4.3.4 Overeenkomst onderwerp en werkwoord .............................................................................................23
4.3.5 Verwijswoorden ..................................................................................................................................23
4.3.6 Tangconstructies ................................................................................................................................23
4.3.7 Afkortingen .........................................................................................................................................23
4.3.8 Getallen .............................................................................................................................................23
4.4 Tips leesbaarheid ......................................................................................................................................24
5 Macro- en microstructuur ........................................................................................................................ 25
5.1 Macrostructuur .........................................................................................................................................25
5.1.1 Titel....................................................................................................................................................25
5.1.2 Structuur ............................................................................................................................................26
5.2 Microstructuur ..........................................................................................................................................27
5.2.1 Alinea’s en paragrafen .........................................................................................................................27
5.2.2 Verwijswoorden ..................................................................................................................................28
5.2.3 Verbindingswoorden ...........................................................................................................................28
5.2.4 Hoofdstuk ..........................................................................................................................................28
5.2.5 Coherentie en cohesie ........................................................................................................................29
5.2.6 Lay-out ...............................................................................................................................................29
6 Literatuurstudie ....................................................................................................................................... 30
6.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................30
6.1.1 Denk en herdenk .................................................................................................................................30
6.1.2 Wat is een literatuurstudie? .................................................................................................................31
6.1.3 Thesis vs wetenschappelijk artikel .......................................................................................................31
6.2 Opstellen literatuurstudie ..........................................................................................................................31
6.2.1 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................31
6.3 Na of tijdens de literatuurstudie .................................................................................................................31
6.3.1 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................32
6.4 Do’s en don’ts ...........................................................................................................................................32
6.5 AI & literatuurstudie ..................................................................................................................................32
7 Refereren ................................................................................................................................................ 33
7.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................33
7.2 Citeren .....................................................................................................................................................33
7.3 Parafraseren .............................................................................................................................................33
7.3.1 Primaire vs secundaire bronnen ...........................................................................................................34
7.4 Refereren..................................................................................................................................................34
7.5 APA-stijl ....................................................................................................................................................35
7.5.1 Referenties in bibliografiee ..................................................................................................................35
7.5.2 In-tekst referenties ..............................................................................................................................37
7.5.3 Software.............................................................................................................................................39
7.5.4 Figuren & tabellen ...............................................................................................................................40
7.6 Plagiaat ....................................................................................................................................................40
7.6.1 No quotation marks ............................................................................................................................40
7.6.2 Without source references ..................................................................................................................40
7.6.3 Unmentioned secondary sources ........................................................................................................40
7.6.4 Minimal or misleading adaptions .........................................................................................................40
7.6.5 Self-plagiarism ...................................................................................................................................40
7.6.6 Chat GPT en andere AI-tools ................................................................................................................41
7.6.7 Potentiële sancties .............................................................................................................................42
8 Methode .................................................................................................................................................. 43
8.1 Inleiding ...................................................................................................................................................43
8.1.1 Descriptief & causaal ..........................................................................................................................43
2
, 8.1.2 Kwalitatief vs. kwantitatief ...................................................................................................................43
8.2 Hypotheses & conceptueel model..............................................................................................................43
8.2.1 Van onderzoeksvraag of hypothese naar meetvraag ..............................................................................43
8.2.2 Conceptueel model ............................................................................................................................44
8.3 Moderatie/mediatie/ … ..............................................................................................................................45
8.3.1 Hoofdeffect vs interactie-effect ...........................................................................................................45
8.4 Methode uitschrijven .................................................................................................................................46
8.4.1 Basis ..................................................................................................................................................46
8.4.2 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................49
8.4.3 Gebruikte analyses .............................................................................................................................49
9 Resultaten & discussie ............................................................................................................................. 50
9.1 Resultaten + tabellen & figuren ..................................................................................................................50
9.1.1 Resultaten ..........................................................................................................................................50
9.1.2 Specifieke regels.................................................................................................................................50
9.1.3 Tabellen & figuren ...............................................................................................................................50
9.1.4 Grafieken ...........................................................................................................................................51
9.2 Rapportage van resultaten .........................................................................................................................51
9.2.1 Beschrijvende statistiek ......................................................................................................................51
9.2.2 Inferentiële statistiek ..........................................................................................................................51
9.2.3 Significantieniveau..............................................................................................................................51
9.2.4 T-test .................................................................................................................................................51
9.2.5 Underscript ........................................................................................................................................52
9.2.6 Verschillende vormen van ANOVA .......................................................................................................52
9.2.7 Interactie-effecten en groepsverschillen ..............................................................................................52
9.2.8 Pearson correlaties .............................................................................................................................52
9.2.9 Regressie ...........................................................................................................................................53
9.2.10 Mediatie ..........................................................................................................................................53
9.2.11 Rapportage kwalitatief onderzoek .....................................................................................................53
9.3 Discussie..................................................................................................................................................54
9.3.1 Korte samenvatting .............................................................................................................................54
9.3.2 Theoretische implicaties .....................................................................................................................54
9.3.3 Praktische implicaties .........................................................................................................................54
9.3.4 Beperkingen .......................................................................................................................................55
9.3.5 Kapstokzinnen ....................................................................................................................................55
9.3.6 Future research ..................................................................................................................................55
9.3.7 Conclusie ...........................................................................................................................................55
9.4 Framework, tabellen, figuren buiten de resultaten ......................................................................................55
10 Engelse & Nederlandse woordenschat ................................................................................................... 56
10.1 Verwarrende woorden in het Engels .........................................................................................................56
10.1.1 Though, thought, … ..........................................................................................................................56
10.1.2 Affect and effect ..............................................................................................................................56
10.1.3 Then vs than ....................................................................................................................................56
10.1.4 They’re, there and their ....................................................................................................................57
10.2 Structuurwoorden in het Nederlands ......................................................................................................57
10.2.1 Oefeningen: herschrijf naar het Nederlands ......................................................................................58
10.3 Time expressions ...................................................................................................................................59
10.4 Engelse voorzetsels ...............................................................................................................................59
10.4.1 Prepositions of direction ..................................................................................................................59
10.4.2 Prepositions of time .........................................................................................................................59
10.4.3 Prepositions of location ....................................................................................................................60
10.4.4 Prepositions of spatial relationships ..................................................................................................60
10.4.5 Prepositions of place .......................................................................................................................60
10.5 Countable & uncountable.......................................................................................................................60
3
, 10.6 Parallel structures..................................................................................................................................60
10.6.1 Both … and … ..................................................................................................................................61
10.6.2 Either … or (= one or the other) ..........................................................................................................61
10.6.3 Neither … nor ..................................................................................................................................61
10.6.4 Not … but rather ..............................................................................................................................61
10.6.5 Not only … but also ..........................................................................................................................62
10.6.6 Oefeningen......................................................................................................................................62
10.6.7 Parallelle structuur in het Nederlands ...............................................................................................62
10.7 Link words .............................................................................................................................................63
10.7.1 Oefening .........................................................................................................................................64
11 Abstract & overig .................................................................................................................................. 66
11.1 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................66
11.1.1 Grafisch abstract .............................................................................................................................66
11.1.2 Structured abstract ..........................................................................................................................67
11.1.3 Verschil tussen abstract en introductie .............................................................................................67
11.2 Tips & tricks ...........................................................................................................................................67
11.2.1 Mailing ............................................................................................................................................67
11.3 Start to thesis ........................................................................................................................................67
12 (G)AI (gastles) ....................................................................................................................................... 69
12.1 De rol van (G)AI in jouw onderzoek ..........................................................................................................69
12.1.1 Hoe werkt het? ................................................................................................................................69
12.1.2 Hoe werk ik er dan mee? ..................................................................................................................69
12.1.3 Wat is (G)AI niet? .............................................................................................................................70
12.1.4 Hoe kan je (G)AI verantwoord inzetten? .............................................................................................70
12.1.5 Unveiling AI BIAS ..............................................................................................................................70
12.1.6 Gebruik de juiste AI-tool ...................................................................................................................71
12.1.7 Fraude-plagiaat-competenties .........................................................................................................71
12.2 Research problem & question .................................................................................................................71
12.2.1 (G)AI inzetten bij het afbakenen van je onderwerp ..............................................................................71
12.3 Theoretische achtergrond en literatuur....................................................................................................72
12.3.1 (G)AI inzetten bij jouw literatuurstudie...............................................................................................72
12.3.2 Valse artikels? .................................................................................................................................73
12.3.3 (G)AI inzetten bij het analyseren van pdf’s .........................................................................................73
12.4 Relevance and conclusion ......................................................................................................................73
12.4.1 Correct gebruik ................................................................................................................................73
12.4.2 Niet correct gebruik .........................................................................................................................73
12.5 Format en taal .......................................................................................................................................74
12.5.1 Correct gebruik ................................................................................................................................74
12.5.2 Hoe verwijzen naar (G)AI? Transparant. .............................................................................................74
12.5.3 Wat moeten we nu onthouden? ........................................................................................................75
12.6 Wooclap ................................................................................................................................................75
13 ACTO (gastles) ...................................................................................................................................... 77
13.1 Wat doen ze? .........................................................................................................................................77
13.2 Soorten fouten .......................................................................................................................................77
13.3 Lagere-orde fouten.................................................................................................................................78
13.3.1 Samenstellingen ..............................................................................................................................78
13.3.2 Samentrekkingen .............................................................................................................................78
13.3.3 Opsommingen .................................................................................................................................78
13.3.4 Voorzetsels .....................................................................................................................................79
13.4 Hogere-orde fouten ................................................................................................................................79
13.4.1 Verschillende manier om schrijven aan te pakken ..............................................................................80
4
