EXSC 480 #2 Questions with Complete
Solutions
When meat is added to a vegetarian diet, what health consequences tend to result?
Increased blood pressure, and increased LDL.
What dietary factors contribute to the "Western dietary pattern" and the "Prudent dietary
pattern"? The Western dietary pattern is high in refined grains, fat, and sugar.
The prudent dietary pattern is high in fruit, vegetables, beans, and grains.
What is the association between consumption of plant foods and CVD? The more plant
foods you eat, the lower your risk for CVD is.
What is the relationship between vegetable fat and protein intake and CVD mortality? The
more vegetable fat intake, the lower your risk.
What is glycemic load and what is the relationship between glycemic load and CVD mortality?
The glycemic load (GL) of food is a number that estimates how much the food will raise a
person's blood glucose level after eating it. One unit of glycemic load approximates the effect of
,consuming one gram of glucose. Glycemic load accounts for how much carbohydrate is in the
food and how much each gram of carbohydrate in the food raises blood glucose levels.
The greater the Glycemic Load the greater the risk of CVD Death
What foods tend to drive glycemic load to high levels? Junk food/food high in
sugar/simple carbs
Is the relationship between glycemic load and CVD mortality linear or curvilinear? Explain?
???
Are nuts low or high in kcal given their weight? high in kcals
What is a cardio-protective diet? What benefits resulted from the cardio-protective diet in the
randomized controlled trial discussed in class that studied adults who had a heart attack
previously? Explain. It's a diet with reduced fat and increased fruits, veggies, nuts, and
whole grains. It lowers your risk for CVD. The benefits from the study were a 31% less mortality
rate, and for each additional serving of fruits and veggies your CVD risk was reduced by 8%. For
each additional serving of green leafy vegetables per day, risk was decreased by 23%.
, What effect does combining a high intake of fruits and vegetables with a low saturated fat intake
have on CHD and total mortality? Be specific. It lowers your risk of total mortality by
31%.
How much longer do vegetarians tend to live compared to non-vegetarians? The graph
shows about 7-10 years.
Compared to non-vegetarians, what percentage of vegetarian men tend to live to age 85 or
higher? 48.6%
Are low-carb and/or high protein diets healthy over the long term? Explain. No. If you eat
little carbs, that increases your risk for all cause mortality.
Based on the literature, what are seven dietary recommendations for good health? 1.Eat
meat sparingly
2. eat less fat
3. eat lots of high fiber foods
4. eat lots of fruits and veggies
5. eat whole grains
Solutions
When meat is added to a vegetarian diet, what health consequences tend to result?
Increased blood pressure, and increased LDL.
What dietary factors contribute to the "Western dietary pattern" and the "Prudent dietary
pattern"? The Western dietary pattern is high in refined grains, fat, and sugar.
The prudent dietary pattern is high in fruit, vegetables, beans, and grains.
What is the association between consumption of plant foods and CVD? The more plant
foods you eat, the lower your risk for CVD is.
What is the relationship between vegetable fat and protein intake and CVD mortality? The
more vegetable fat intake, the lower your risk.
What is glycemic load and what is the relationship between glycemic load and CVD mortality?
The glycemic load (GL) of food is a number that estimates how much the food will raise a
person's blood glucose level after eating it. One unit of glycemic load approximates the effect of
,consuming one gram of glucose. Glycemic load accounts for how much carbohydrate is in the
food and how much each gram of carbohydrate in the food raises blood glucose levels.
The greater the Glycemic Load the greater the risk of CVD Death
What foods tend to drive glycemic load to high levels? Junk food/food high in
sugar/simple carbs
Is the relationship between glycemic load and CVD mortality linear or curvilinear? Explain?
???
Are nuts low or high in kcal given their weight? high in kcals
What is a cardio-protective diet? What benefits resulted from the cardio-protective diet in the
randomized controlled trial discussed in class that studied adults who had a heart attack
previously? Explain. It's a diet with reduced fat and increased fruits, veggies, nuts, and
whole grains. It lowers your risk for CVD. The benefits from the study were a 31% less mortality
rate, and for each additional serving of fruits and veggies your CVD risk was reduced by 8%. For
each additional serving of green leafy vegetables per day, risk was decreased by 23%.
, What effect does combining a high intake of fruits and vegetables with a low saturated fat intake
have on CHD and total mortality? Be specific. It lowers your risk of total mortality by
31%.
How much longer do vegetarians tend to live compared to non-vegetarians? The graph
shows about 7-10 years.
Compared to non-vegetarians, what percentage of vegetarian men tend to live to age 85 or
higher? 48.6%
Are low-carb and/or high protein diets healthy over the long term? Explain. No. If you eat
little carbs, that increases your risk for all cause mortality.
Based on the literature, what are seven dietary recommendations for good health? 1.Eat
meat sparingly
2. eat less fat
3. eat lots of high fiber foods
4. eat lots of fruits and veggies
5. eat whole grains
