HlOMoARcPSD|47648447
H1: psychologie als wetenschap
Inhoud
1. Kenmerken van wetenschap....................................................................6
2. Situering tussen wetenschap Niet !!.......................................................9
3. Methoden.................................................................................................9
3.1. Mensenkennis....................................................................................9
3.2. Niet-psychometrisch methoden.........................................................9
3.3. Psychometrische methoden.............................................................12
4. Disciplines..............................................................................................16
1. Dodo Bird verdict...................................................................................23
1.1. Common factors theory...................................................................23
1.2. Placebo............................................................................................24
2. Dodo bird myth......................................................................................24
3. Evidence-based......................................................................................28
3.1. Randomised control trials (RCT).......................................................29
3.2. Empirically supported treatments (EST)..........................................30
4. EMDR.....................................................................................................30
4.1. Vlugge oogbeweging.......................................................................31
4.2. Al dan niet werkzaam (niet).............................................................31
4.3. Verklaringen (niet)...........................................................................31
5. Aan verbetering toe...............................................................................31
6. Indeling en verdeling.............................................................................32
6.1. Psycholoog en psychiater................................................................32
6.2. Psychotherapie, counseling & coaching geprotocolleerde
behandeling............................................................................................32
6.3. Integratief........................................................................................34
6.4. Online en internet............................................................................34
6.5. Kritisch tegenover psychiatrie.........................................................36
6.6. Patiënt en client...............................................................................36
1. Wat ervoor kwam...................................................................................42
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1.1. Mesmer.................................................................................................................................43
1.2. Charcot..................................................................................................................................43
1.3. Hypnose.................................................................................................................................44
1.4. Breuer....................................................................................................................................44
1.5. Fliess......................................................................................................................................44
2. Theorieën en concepten.....................................................................45
2.1. Psychoseksuele fasen.............................................................................................................45
2.2. Persoonlijkheidsstructuur.................................................................46
2.3. Onbewuste.............................................................................................................................48
2.4. Analystische kuur...................................................................................................................48
3. Afweermechanismen..........................................................................51
1) Sublimatie.................................................................................................................................51
3) Compensatie.............................................................................................................................52
4) Isoleren, splitsen en dissociatie................................................................................................53
5) Verplaatsing/ verschuiving.......................................................................................................54
6) Rationalisatie............................................................................................................................54
7) Intellectualisatie.......................................................................................................................54
8) Reactieformatie........................................................................................................................54
9) Ontkenning en vermijding........................................................................................................55
10) Projectie.................................................................................................................................55
4. Volgelingen of net niet (NK)................................................................55
5. Aantrekkingskracht.............................................................................55
6. Kritieken..............................................................................................56
7. Artistiek & literair................................................................................56
1. Associatieleer als voorloper (niet kennen)..........................................62
2. Kenmerken van het black-box behaviorisme......................................62
3. Klassieke conditionering.....................................................................65
3.1. Schema..................................................................................................................................65
3.2. Voorbeelden.....................................................................................66
3.3. Kenmerken.............................................................................................................................67
3.4. Toepassingen.........................................................................................................................70
3.5. Toch cognitief (niet kennen)...................................................................................................70
3.6. Methodieken (examen: uitleg methode en begrip geven of tekst
krijgen en zeggen wat het is).................................................................70
4. Operante conditionering.....................................................................75
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4.1. Thorndike...............................................................................................................................75
4.2. Skinner en zijn skinnerbox.....................................................................................................75
4.3. Operante conditionering........................................................................................................76
4.4. Sr, de consequenties..............................................................................................................76
(Op examen: halve tabel aanvullen + casus krijgen, welke cel? Welke leerwet?) ........................78
4.5. Belonen (cel 1).......................................................................................................................78
4.6. Ontsnappen aan het onaangename (cel 4)............................................................................81
4.7 Confrontatie vermijden (cel 6)................................................................................................82
4.8. Straffen (cel 2)........................................................................................................................82
4.9. Wegnemen van het aangename (cel 3)..................................................................................83
4.10. Uitblijven van het aangename en negeren (cel 6)................................................................83
4.11. Kenmerken (enkel wat hier staat)........................................................................................84
5. Toepassen..............................................................................................85
6. Neobehaviorisme (lezen)....................................................................85
1. Uitgangspunten.....................................................................................93
2. Invloeden...............................................................................................94
3. Carl Rogers............................................................................................95
4. Client-centered therapy.........................................................................97
4.1 Beschrijving......................................................................................97
4.2 Basishouding....................................................................................98
4.3 Focussen...........................................................................................99
5. Thomas Gordon....................................................................................100
5.1 Behoeftenconflict............................................................................100
5.2 Waardenconflict en overlegmodel..................................................105
6 Toepassingen........................................................................................107
6.1 Opvoeding......................................................................................107
6.2 Onderwijs........................................................................................107
6.3 Personen met dementie..................................................................107
6.4 Personen met beperking.................................................................107
6.5 T-group en sensitivitytraining.........................................................108
6.6 Management...................................................................................109
7. Abraham Masow..................................................................................109
7.1 De behoeftenpramide.....................................................................110
7.2 ERG-theorie....................................................................................111
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8. Besperking...........................................................................................111
1. SYSTEMEN............................................................................................118
2. KENMERKEN.........................................................................................119
2.1. TOTALITEIT, GESTALT.....................................................................120
2.2. INTEGRAAL, COMPLEX...................................................................120
2.3. CONTEXTUEEL...............................................................................120
2.4. GRENZEN.......................................................................................121
2.5. FEEDBACK......................................................................................122
2.6. CIRCULARITEIT !!! (belangrijk examen).........................................122
2.7. EQUIFINALITEIT..............................................................................123
3. COMMUNICATIE....................................................................................124
3.1. REGELMATIGHEDEN in de communicatie.......................................125
3.2. AXIOMA’S VAN WATZLAWICK.........................................................126
4. SYSTEEMTHERAPEUTISCHE STROMINGEN...........................................130
4.1. CYBERNETISCHE SCHOOL..............................................................130
4.2. STRATEGISCHE SCHOOL................................................................130
4.3. STRTUCTURELE SCHOOL................................................................130
4.4. CONTEXTUELE SCHOOL VAN BÖSZÖRMÉNYI-NAGY.......................131
5. METHODIEKEN.....................................................................................133
6. GEZINSKAARTEN EN GENOGRAM.........................................................133
1. Cognitie............................................................................................140
1.1. Inner speech........................................................................................................................140
1.2. Latent leren..........................................................................................................................141
1.3. Attributie en labelen............................................................................................................142
2. CGT – RE(B)T –G-DENKEN.................................................................142
2.1. Cognitieve gedragstherapie (CGT)........................................................................................142
2.2. RET/REBT.............................................................................................................................143
2.3. G-denken.............................................................................................................................146
3. Schematherapie................................................................................146
3.1. Schema’s..............................................................................................................................146
3.2. Modi....................................................................................................................................148
3.3. Therapie...............................................................................................................................149
4. Methodieken.....................................................................................149
4.1. Cognitieve herstructurering.................................................................................................150
4
H1: psychologie als wetenschap
Inhoud
1. Kenmerken van wetenschap....................................................................6
2. Situering tussen wetenschap Niet !!.......................................................9
3. Methoden.................................................................................................9
3.1. Mensenkennis....................................................................................9
3.2. Niet-psychometrisch methoden.........................................................9
3.3. Psychometrische methoden.............................................................12
4. Disciplines..............................................................................................16
1. Dodo Bird verdict...................................................................................23
1.1. Common factors theory...................................................................23
1.2. Placebo............................................................................................24
2. Dodo bird myth......................................................................................24
3. Evidence-based......................................................................................28
3.1. Randomised control trials (RCT).......................................................29
3.2. Empirically supported treatments (EST)..........................................30
4. EMDR.....................................................................................................30
4.1. Vlugge oogbeweging.......................................................................31
4.2. Al dan niet werkzaam (niet).............................................................31
4.3. Verklaringen (niet)...........................................................................31
5. Aan verbetering toe...............................................................................31
6. Indeling en verdeling.............................................................................32
6.1. Psycholoog en psychiater................................................................32
6.2. Psychotherapie, counseling & coaching geprotocolleerde
behandeling............................................................................................32
6.3. Integratief........................................................................................34
6.4. Online en internet............................................................................34
6.5. Kritisch tegenover psychiatrie.........................................................36
6.6. Patiënt en client...............................................................................36
1. Wat ervoor kwam...................................................................................42
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1.1. Mesmer.................................................................................................................................43
1.2. Charcot..................................................................................................................................43
1.3. Hypnose.................................................................................................................................44
1.4. Breuer....................................................................................................................................44
1.5. Fliess......................................................................................................................................44
2. Theorieën en concepten.....................................................................45
2.1. Psychoseksuele fasen.............................................................................................................45
2.2. Persoonlijkheidsstructuur.................................................................46
2.3. Onbewuste.............................................................................................................................48
2.4. Analystische kuur...................................................................................................................48
3. Afweermechanismen..........................................................................51
1) Sublimatie.................................................................................................................................51
3) Compensatie.............................................................................................................................52
4) Isoleren, splitsen en dissociatie................................................................................................53
5) Verplaatsing/ verschuiving.......................................................................................................54
6) Rationalisatie............................................................................................................................54
7) Intellectualisatie.......................................................................................................................54
8) Reactieformatie........................................................................................................................54
9) Ontkenning en vermijding........................................................................................................55
10) Projectie.................................................................................................................................55
4. Volgelingen of net niet (NK)................................................................55
5. Aantrekkingskracht.............................................................................55
6. Kritieken..............................................................................................56
7. Artistiek & literair................................................................................56
1. Associatieleer als voorloper (niet kennen)..........................................62
2. Kenmerken van het black-box behaviorisme......................................62
3. Klassieke conditionering.....................................................................65
3.1. Schema..................................................................................................................................65
3.2. Voorbeelden.....................................................................................66
3.3. Kenmerken.............................................................................................................................67
3.4. Toepassingen.........................................................................................................................70
3.5. Toch cognitief (niet kennen)...................................................................................................70
3.6. Methodieken (examen: uitleg methode en begrip geven of tekst
krijgen en zeggen wat het is).................................................................70
4. Operante conditionering.....................................................................75
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4.1. Thorndike...............................................................................................................................75
4.2. Skinner en zijn skinnerbox.....................................................................................................75
4.3. Operante conditionering........................................................................................................76
4.4. Sr, de consequenties..............................................................................................................76
(Op examen: halve tabel aanvullen + casus krijgen, welke cel? Welke leerwet?) ........................78
4.5. Belonen (cel 1).......................................................................................................................78
4.6. Ontsnappen aan het onaangename (cel 4)............................................................................81
4.7 Confrontatie vermijden (cel 6)................................................................................................82
4.8. Straffen (cel 2)........................................................................................................................82
4.9. Wegnemen van het aangename (cel 3)..................................................................................83
4.10. Uitblijven van het aangename en negeren (cel 6)................................................................83
4.11. Kenmerken (enkel wat hier staat)........................................................................................84
5. Toepassen..............................................................................................85
6. Neobehaviorisme (lezen)....................................................................85
1. Uitgangspunten.....................................................................................93
2. Invloeden...............................................................................................94
3. Carl Rogers............................................................................................95
4. Client-centered therapy.........................................................................97
4.1 Beschrijving......................................................................................97
4.2 Basishouding....................................................................................98
4.3 Focussen...........................................................................................99
5. Thomas Gordon....................................................................................100
5.1 Behoeftenconflict............................................................................100
5.2 Waardenconflict en overlegmodel..................................................105
6 Toepassingen........................................................................................107
6.1 Opvoeding......................................................................................107
6.2 Onderwijs........................................................................................107
6.3 Personen met dementie..................................................................107
6.4 Personen met beperking.................................................................107
6.5 T-group en sensitivitytraining.........................................................108
6.6 Management...................................................................................109
7. Abraham Masow..................................................................................109
7.1 De behoeftenpramide.....................................................................110
7.2 ERG-theorie....................................................................................111
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8. Besperking...........................................................................................111
1. SYSTEMEN............................................................................................118
2. KENMERKEN.........................................................................................119
2.1. TOTALITEIT, GESTALT.....................................................................120
2.2. INTEGRAAL, COMPLEX...................................................................120
2.3. CONTEXTUEEL...............................................................................120
2.4. GRENZEN.......................................................................................121
2.5. FEEDBACK......................................................................................122
2.6. CIRCULARITEIT !!! (belangrijk examen).........................................122
2.7. EQUIFINALITEIT..............................................................................123
3. COMMUNICATIE....................................................................................124
3.1. REGELMATIGHEDEN in de communicatie.......................................125
3.2. AXIOMA’S VAN WATZLAWICK.........................................................126
4. SYSTEEMTHERAPEUTISCHE STROMINGEN...........................................130
4.1. CYBERNETISCHE SCHOOL..............................................................130
4.2. STRATEGISCHE SCHOOL................................................................130
4.3. STRTUCTURELE SCHOOL................................................................130
4.4. CONTEXTUELE SCHOOL VAN BÖSZÖRMÉNYI-NAGY.......................131
5. METHODIEKEN.....................................................................................133
6. GEZINSKAARTEN EN GENOGRAM.........................................................133
1. Cognitie............................................................................................140
1.1. Inner speech........................................................................................................................140
1.2. Latent leren..........................................................................................................................141
1.3. Attributie en labelen............................................................................................................142
2. CGT – RE(B)T –G-DENKEN.................................................................142
2.1. Cognitieve gedragstherapie (CGT)........................................................................................142
2.2. RET/REBT.............................................................................................................................143
2.3. G-denken.............................................................................................................................146
3. Schematherapie................................................................................146
3.1. Schema’s..............................................................................................................................146
3.2. Modi....................................................................................................................................148
3.3. Therapie...............................................................................................................................149
4. Methodieken.....................................................................................149
4.1. Cognitieve herstructurering.................................................................................................150
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