©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
APK2100C Exam 3 Exam Study Guide.
Ganglion - answer✔cluster of neuronal soma (cell bodied) in the PNS
autonomic nervous system - answer✔relays motor/sensory info to the viscera of the body
somatic nervous system - answer✔relays motor/sensory info to the rest of the body apart from
viscera
cannot divide - answer✔why can't neurons be replaced if destroyed?
unipolar - answer✔which neuron has peripheral and central processes?
axosomatic, axodendritic, axoaxonic - answer✔what are the 3 types of synapses?
ATP is required for exocytosis - answer✔why are mitochondria located near the terminal
boutons of neurons?
Astrocytes - answer✔increase neurotransmitter reuptake, increase blood flow to active brain,
controls ionic environment around neurons
microglial cells - answer✔smallest and least abundant neuroglia. macrophages of CNS
ependymal cells - answer✔simple, ciliated epithelium. forms permeable lining of ventricles.
circulates CSF.
Oligodendrocytes - answer✔myelin-forming cells that help electrically insulate CNS axons.
enlarged foot processes wrap around foot of axon, nodes of ranvier present
satellite cells - answer✔found in PNS and cover plasma membrane in unipolar, sensory neurons
Schwann cells - answer✔found in PNS. cover plasma membrane but do not have processes and
one cell wraps around one axon
Neurolemma - answer✔cytoplasmic contents pushed to outer layer of schwann cells creating a
super thick outer layer
axonal regeneration - answer✔why is the neurolemma so important?
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
PNS - answer✔can axonal regeneration occur is CNS, PNS, or both?
gray matter - answer✔centralized, composed of cell bodies of interneurons and motor neurons,
neuroglia
white matter - answer✔fiber tracts of myelinated & nonmyelinated axons, neuroglia, and
surrounding
Nucleus - answer✔in gray matter, a cluster of soma with same/similar function
nerve - answer✔bundle of axons traveling together in PNS
ganglion - answer✔cluster of neuronal soma in PNS
tract - answer✔groups of axons traveling in brain/spinal cord
monosynaptic reflex - answer✔Reflex pathway with only one synapse between the sensory and
motor neurons (ex: knee-jerk).
polysynaptic reflex - answer✔at least one interneuron between sensory neuron and motor
neuron
axon hillock - answer✔activity at this location of a neuron determines whether or not an action
potential will travel down an axon
myselin sheath - answer✔the initial segment/trigger zone of an axon does not have?
peripheral - answer✔which process (central or peripheral) of a unipolar neuron acts as a
dendrite?
central - answer✔which process (central or peripheral) of a unipolar neuron acts as an axon?
Cerebrum - answer✔largest part of the brain that divides into two hemispheres
Diencephalon - answer✔Portion of the brain that forms the middle core and gives rise to the
thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus
Cerebellum - answer✔Second largest part of the brain that lies behind the pons. Responsible
for motor control and cognitive function.
brain ventricles - answer✔Spaces within the brain continuous with one another and to the
central central of the spinal cord. They are epithelial tubes lined with ciliates ependymal cells
and circulates the cerebrospinal fluid
2|Page
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
APK2100C Exam 3 Exam Study Guide.
Ganglion - answer✔cluster of neuronal soma (cell bodied) in the PNS
autonomic nervous system - answer✔relays motor/sensory info to the viscera of the body
somatic nervous system - answer✔relays motor/sensory info to the rest of the body apart from
viscera
cannot divide - answer✔why can't neurons be replaced if destroyed?
unipolar - answer✔which neuron has peripheral and central processes?
axosomatic, axodendritic, axoaxonic - answer✔what are the 3 types of synapses?
ATP is required for exocytosis - answer✔why are mitochondria located near the terminal
boutons of neurons?
Astrocytes - answer✔increase neurotransmitter reuptake, increase blood flow to active brain,
controls ionic environment around neurons
microglial cells - answer✔smallest and least abundant neuroglia. macrophages of CNS
ependymal cells - answer✔simple, ciliated epithelium. forms permeable lining of ventricles.
circulates CSF.
Oligodendrocytes - answer✔myelin-forming cells that help electrically insulate CNS axons.
enlarged foot processes wrap around foot of axon, nodes of ranvier present
satellite cells - answer✔found in PNS and cover plasma membrane in unipolar, sensory neurons
Schwann cells - answer✔found in PNS. cover plasma membrane but do not have processes and
one cell wraps around one axon
Neurolemma - answer✔cytoplasmic contents pushed to outer layer of schwann cells creating a
super thick outer layer
axonal regeneration - answer✔why is the neurolemma so important?
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
PNS - answer✔can axonal regeneration occur is CNS, PNS, or both?
gray matter - answer✔centralized, composed of cell bodies of interneurons and motor neurons,
neuroglia
white matter - answer✔fiber tracts of myelinated & nonmyelinated axons, neuroglia, and
surrounding
Nucleus - answer✔in gray matter, a cluster of soma with same/similar function
nerve - answer✔bundle of axons traveling together in PNS
ganglion - answer✔cluster of neuronal soma in PNS
tract - answer✔groups of axons traveling in brain/spinal cord
monosynaptic reflex - answer✔Reflex pathway with only one synapse between the sensory and
motor neurons (ex: knee-jerk).
polysynaptic reflex - answer✔at least one interneuron between sensory neuron and motor
neuron
axon hillock - answer✔activity at this location of a neuron determines whether or not an action
potential will travel down an axon
myselin sheath - answer✔the initial segment/trigger zone of an axon does not have?
peripheral - answer✔which process (central or peripheral) of a unipolar neuron acts as a
dendrite?
central - answer✔which process (central or peripheral) of a unipolar neuron acts as an axon?
Cerebrum - answer✔largest part of the brain that divides into two hemispheres
Diencephalon - answer✔Portion of the brain that forms the middle core and gives rise to the
thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus
Cerebellum - answer✔Second largest part of the brain that lies behind the pons. Responsible
for motor control and cognitive function.
brain ventricles - answer✔Spaces within the brain continuous with one another and to the
central central of the spinal cord. They are epithelial tubes lined with ciliates ependymal cells
and circulates the cerebrospinal fluid
2|Page
