USABO RANDOM MEMORIZATION
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
tertiary structure - Answer-The overall shape of a protein molecule due to interactions of
amino acid side chains, including hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, hydrogen
bonds, and disulfide bridges.
disulfide bridges - Answer-A strong covalent bond formed when the sulfur of one
cysteine monomer bonds to the sulfur of another cysteine monomer.
collagen - Answer-three identical helical polypeptides
hemoglobin - Answer-globular protein with a quaternary structure4 polypeptide subunits,
2 alpha (a) and 2 beta (b) folds
purines - Answer-6-membered ring fused to a 5-membered ring adenine (A) and
guanine (G) are purines (think "Pure As Gold")
pyrimidines - Answer-one six-member end ring of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) atoms.
Cytosine (C), thymine (T), uracil (U) are all pyrimidines
carbon lacking on the - Answer-2nd carbon in a deoxyribose sugar when compared to a
ribose sugar
phosphate goes to - Answer-the 5' carbon in nucleic acids
Hydroxyl group goes to - Answer-the 3' carbon in nucleic acids
sickle-cell disease - Answer-substitution of the amino acid valine (val) for the normal
one
aqueus —> no polar solvent with a protein - Answer-(usually) denaturation
what is a pentose - Answer-a 5-carbon sugar
how many phosphate groups does a nucleotide have - Answer-1-3
what is in a nitrogenous base ring - Answer-carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) atoms
, human B-hemoglobin is similar to other vertebras. True or false? - Answer-True
what jelly like outer coating do prokaryotic cells have for protection but not eukaryotic
cells? - Answer-a glycolax
what two organelles other than the nucleus contain genes? - Answer-the mitochondria
and chloroplasts (depending on the cell)
what is commonly mistaken as an organelle but is not because it is not membrane-
bound? - Answer-a ribosome
what to integrins bind to? - Answer-microfilaments
what creates a continuum between plant cells? - Answer-plasmodesmata
Tight Junctions - Answer-the plasma membranes of neighboring cells are very tightly
pressed against each other, bound together by specific proteins
Desmosomes - Answer-function like rivets, fastening cells together into strong sheets
Gap Junctions - Answer-provide channels between adjacent animal cells through which
ions, sugars, communication molecules, and other small molecules can pass
fibonectin - Answer-a glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to integrins
integrins - Answer-membrane proteins; they transmit signals between the ECM and
cytoskeleton
which glycoprotein is most common in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cells? -
Answer-collagen
protoglycans - Answer-Structure with protein core with carbohydrates extending from
sides (about 95% carbohydrate and 5% protein)
two proteins of microfillaments - Answer-actin (smaller) structural networks and myosin
(larger) for muscle contraction (both play a role here though)
cortex - Answer-the outer cytoplasmic layer of a cell
basal body - Answer-anchors the cilium or flagellum
dyneins - Answer-In cilia and flagella, a large motor protein extending from one
microtubule doublet to the adjacent doublet. ATP hydrolysis drives changes in dynein
shape that lead to bending of cilia and flagella.
cilia and flagella are made up of what? - Answer-microtubules arranged in a special
distinctive way
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
tertiary structure - Answer-The overall shape of a protein molecule due to interactions of
amino acid side chains, including hydrophobic interactions, ionic bonds, hydrogen
bonds, and disulfide bridges.
disulfide bridges - Answer-A strong covalent bond formed when the sulfur of one
cysteine monomer bonds to the sulfur of another cysteine monomer.
collagen - Answer-three identical helical polypeptides
hemoglobin - Answer-globular protein with a quaternary structure4 polypeptide subunits,
2 alpha (a) and 2 beta (b) folds
purines - Answer-6-membered ring fused to a 5-membered ring adenine (A) and
guanine (G) are purines (think "Pure As Gold")
pyrimidines - Answer-one six-member end ring of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) atoms.
Cytosine (C), thymine (T), uracil (U) are all pyrimidines
carbon lacking on the - Answer-2nd carbon in a deoxyribose sugar when compared to a
ribose sugar
phosphate goes to - Answer-the 5' carbon in nucleic acids
Hydroxyl group goes to - Answer-the 3' carbon in nucleic acids
sickle-cell disease - Answer-substitution of the amino acid valine (val) for the normal
one
aqueus —> no polar solvent with a protein - Answer-(usually) denaturation
what is a pentose - Answer-a 5-carbon sugar
how many phosphate groups does a nucleotide have - Answer-1-3
what is in a nitrogenous base ring - Answer-carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) atoms
, human B-hemoglobin is similar to other vertebras. True or false? - Answer-True
what jelly like outer coating do prokaryotic cells have for protection but not eukaryotic
cells? - Answer-a glycolax
what two organelles other than the nucleus contain genes? - Answer-the mitochondria
and chloroplasts (depending on the cell)
what is commonly mistaken as an organelle but is not because it is not membrane-
bound? - Answer-a ribosome
what to integrins bind to? - Answer-microfilaments
what creates a continuum between plant cells? - Answer-plasmodesmata
Tight Junctions - Answer-the plasma membranes of neighboring cells are very tightly
pressed against each other, bound together by specific proteins
Desmosomes - Answer-function like rivets, fastening cells together into strong sheets
Gap Junctions - Answer-provide channels between adjacent animal cells through which
ions, sugars, communication molecules, and other small molecules can pass
fibonectin - Answer-a glycoprotein that attaches the ECM to integrins
integrins - Answer-membrane proteins; they transmit signals between the ECM and
cytoskeleton
which glycoprotein is most common in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cells? -
Answer-collagen
protoglycans - Answer-Structure with protein core with carbohydrates extending from
sides (about 95% carbohydrate and 5% protein)
two proteins of microfillaments - Answer-actin (smaller) structural networks and myosin
(larger) for muscle contraction (both play a role here though)
cortex - Answer-the outer cytoplasmic layer of a cell
basal body - Answer-anchors the cilium or flagellum
dyneins - Answer-In cilia and flagella, a large motor protein extending from one
microtubule doublet to the adjacent doublet. ATP hydrolysis drives changes in dynein
shape that lead to bending of cilia and flagella.
cilia and flagella are made up of what? - Answer-microtubules arranged in a special
distinctive way
