ADVANCED CARDIOVASCULAR LIFE SUPPORT (ACLS)
EXAM 2023 ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
ALREADY GRADED A
According to a study in 1993, for every minute a patient experiences VT, asystole, or
PEA, the risk of mortality increases by how much? - ANSWER: 7-10%
CPR uses chest compressions to restore blood flow to important organs such as? -
ANSWER: The heart and brain
4 types of arrhythmias discussed - ANSWER: - VT
- PVT
- PEA
- Asystole
What is ventricular tachycardia? - ANSWER: Wide QRS tachycardia characterized by 3
or more consecutive PVC ~ 100-200 BPM
VT can lead to what? - ANSWER: Ventricular fibrillation, systole, or cardiac arrest
Causes of VT - ANSWER: - Ischemia
- Drug toxicity (digoxin)
- Electrolyte abnormalities
- Heart disease
What is sustained VT? - ANSWER: - Lasts for > 30 seconds
- Symptomatic
- Can progress to life threatening incident
What is unsustained VT? - ANSWER: - Brief and self-limited
- Asymptomatic
How can V fib lead to death? - ANSWER: No electric activity in the heart -> no cardiac
output -> cardiac arrest -> death
What is V fib caused by? - ANSWER: - Scar tissue: MI or cardiomyopathy
- Irritants: CAD, electrolyte abnormalities, hormones
- Electrocution
Tx for V-fib - ANSWER: - ACLS
- Correct underlying cause
- ICD
, What is PEA and asystole? - ANSWER: Absence of detectable pulse and the presence
of some other form of electrical activity other than VT or PVT
Tx for PEA/asystole - ANSWER: CPR -> airway control -> IV access -> reconfirm
asystole with a second lead -> do NOT defibrillate patient with asystole because the
parasympathetic discharge that occurs with defibrillation reduces the change of
ROSC and worsens outcomes
Are the following recommended for PEA/asystole?
Epinephrine
Vasopressin
Atropine - ANSWER: Epinephrine is recommended; vasopressin and atropine are not
In patients with PEA/asystole we must treat the underlying cause, which may
include: - ANSWER: - Hypovolemia
- Hypoxia
- Acidosis
- Hyper/hypokalemia
- Hypothermia
- Hypoglycemia
- Drug overdose
- Tamponade
- Thrombosis, coronary
- Tension pneumothorax
- PE
- Trauma
High quality CPR focuses on proper technique to ensure: - ANSWER: - Adequate HR
- Depth of compression -> 100-200 beats/minute
- Full chest recoil after each compression (at least 2 inches)
- Avoidance of excessive ventilation
- Reduction in interruptions to increase compression fraction to 60% or above
Basic life support focuses on what? (Hint: CAB) - ANSWER: - Compressions
- CAB = circulation, airway, and breathing
T or F: everyone should do a pulse check when performing BLS - ANSWER: False -
limit pulse checks unless medical professional (check for 10 seconds and then start
compressions)
How should a healthcare professional execute BLS? - ANSWER: 30 compressions -->2
breaths until AED arrives
How should a non-healthcare professional execute BLS? - ANSWER: Compression
only - NO breaths
EXAM 2023 ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |
ALREADY GRADED A
According to a study in 1993, for every minute a patient experiences VT, asystole, or
PEA, the risk of mortality increases by how much? - ANSWER: 7-10%
CPR uses chest compressions to restore blood flow to important organs such as? -
ANSWER: The heart and brain
4 types of arrhythmias discussed - ANSWER: - VT
- PVT
- PEA
- Asystole
What is ventricular tachycardia? - ANSWER: Wide QRS tachycardia characterized by 3
or more consecutive PVC ~ 100-200 BPM
VT can lead to what? - ANSWER: Ventricular fibrillation, systole, or cardiac arrest
Causes of VT - ANSWER: - Ischemia
- Drug toxicity (digoxin)
- Electrolyte abnormalities
- Heart disease
What is sustained VT? - ANSWER: - Lasts for > 30 seconds
- Symptomatic
- Can progress to life threatening incident
What is unsustained VT? - ANSWER: - Brief and self-limited
- Asymptomatic
How can V fib lead to death? - ANSWER: No electric activity in the heart -> no cardiac
output -> cardiac arrest -> death
What is V fib caused by? - ANSWER: - Scar tissue: MI or cardiomyopathy
- Irritants: CAD, electrolyte abnormalities, hormones
- Electrocution
Tx for V-fib - ANSWER: - ACLS
- Correct underlying cause
- ICD
, What is PEA and asystole? - ANSWER: Absence of detectable pulse and the presence
of some other form of electrical activity other than VT or PVT
Tx for PEA/asystole - ANSWER: CPR -> airway control -> IV access -> reconfirm
asystole with a second lead -> do NOT defibrillate patient with asystole because the
parasympathetic discharge that occurs with defibrillation reduces the change of
ROSC and worsens outcomes
Are the following recommended for PEA/asystole?
Epinephrine
Vasopressin
Atropine - ANSWER: Epinephrine is recommended; vasopressin and atropine are not
In patients with PEA/asystole we must treat the underlying cause, which may
include: - ANSWER: - Hypovolemia
- Hypoxia
- Acidosis
- Hyper/hypokalemia
- Hypothermia
- Hypoglycemia
- Drug overdose
- Tamponade
- Thrombosis, coronary
- Tension pneumothorax
- PE
- Trauma
High quality CPR focuses on proper technique to ensure: - ANSWER: - Adequate HR
- Depth of compression -> 100-200 beats/minute
- Full chest recoil after each compression (at least 2 inches)
- Avoidance of excessive ventilation
- Reduction in interruptions to increase compression fraction to 60% or above
Basic life support focuses on what? (Hint: CAB) - ANSWER: - Compressions
- CAB = circulation, airway, and breathing
T or F: everyone should do a pulse check when performing BLS - ANSWER: False -
limit pulse checks unless medical professional (check for 10 seconds and then start
compressions)
How should a healthcare professional execute BLS? - ANSWER: 30 compressions -->2
breaths until AED arrives
How should a non-healthcare professional execute BLS? - ANSWER: Compression
only - NO breaths
