Microbiologie
Table of Contents
Algemene inleiding.............................................................................................................2
Inleiding.........................................................................................................................................2
De 4 grote domeinen van medische biologie.................................................................................3
Micro-organismen zijn verantwoordelijk voor het ontstaan van infecteziekten...........................3
Besmettingswegen van een infecteziekte.....................................................................................4
Prevente van infecteziekten........................................................................................................4
Bacteriologie......................................................................................................................5
De prokaryote cel..........................................................................................................................5
Endosymbiontsschetchorih..............................................................................................................................5
Bacteriële morfologie....................................................................................................................6
Structuur van de bacteriële celwand.............................................................................................6
Bacteriële groei & metabolisme....................................................................................................6
De principes van antbiotca therapie............................................................................................7
Aangrijpingspunthneantbiotsa........................................................................................................................7
Rhsisthnth........................................................................................................................................................8
Virologie.............................................................................................................................8
Structuur en indeling van virussen.................................................................................................8
Naakthevirusshn................................................................................................................................................9
Replicate van virussen..................................................................................................................9
Fashn...............................................................................................................................................................10
Antvirale middelen.....................................................................................................................10
Parasitologie....................................................................................................................10
Indeling en classifcate van de parasieten...................................................................................10
Parasitaire infecte.......................................................................................................................11
Antparasitaire middelen.............................................................................................................11
Mycologie.........................................................................................................................11
Structuur en replicate van fungi..................................................................................................11
Antmycotca................................................................................................................................12
Capita selecta klinische meest relevante micro-organismen..............................................12
Infectes van de bovenste luchtwegen.........................................................................................12
Rinitsehnerinosinusits.....................................................................................................................................12
Faryngits........................................................................................................................................................13
Infuhnzaeofegrihp............................................................................................................................................14
Infecte van de onderste luchtwegen...........................................................................................15
Pnhumoniheofelongontsthking........................................................................................................................15
Pnhumokokkhninfhsth...................................................................................................................................16
Invasihvheasphrgillosh.....................................................................................................................................16
Tubhrsulosh....................................................................................................................................................16
1
, Infecte van het maag- en darmkanaal.........................................................................................17
Infhsthemhteslostrisdiumedifsilh...................................................................................................................17
Infhsthemhtehnthrobasthriashah....................................................................................................................17
InfhsthemhteCampylobasthresp.eofeHhlisobasthresp.......................................................................................18
Infhsthemhtenorovirus....................................................................................................................................18
Infhsthemhterotavirus.....................................................................................................................................18
Worminfhsths................................................................................................................................................19
Infhsthemhtetoxoplasmoshemondii.................................................................................................................19
Infectes van de huid....................................................................................................................20
Infhsthedoorestafylokokkhn............................................................................................................................20
InfhsthedooreClostridiumesp...........................................................................................................................20
InfhsthedoorePapovavirusshn.........................................................................................................................20
Infhsthedoorecumanhechrphsvirusshn...........................................................................................................21
Infhsthedooresscimmhls/gisthn......................................................................................................................21
Infhsthedooreparasihthn.................................................................................................................................22
Infectes van het centraal zenuwstelsel.......................................................................................23
Basthriëlhemhningits......................................................................................................................................23
CrhutzfhldteJasobeDishashe(CJD).....................................................................................................................24
Infectes van de lever...................................................................................................................24
Hhpattsvirusshn............................................................................................................................................24
SOA’s...........................................................................................................................................25
BasthriëlheSOA’s..............................................................................................................................................25
ViralheSOA’s....................................................................................................................................................27
ParasitairheSOA’s............................................................................................................................................28
Andere.........................................................................................................................................28
Epsthin-Barreviruse(EBV)..................................................................................................................................28
Enthrosossusesp..............................................................................................................................................29
Begrippen.........................................................................................................................29
Algemene inleiding
Inleiding
Biologih:estudihevanelhvhndheorganismhne
2
, Misro-:ehnkhlewaarnhhmbaaremhtemisrossoop
Mhdissc:ehnkhledhemisro-organismhnedihemhdisscerhlhvantezijn
De 4 grote domeinen van medische biologie
Basthriologih:ebasthriën,ehhnshlligheprokaryotheorganismhn.
Mysologih:egisthnehnesscimmhlse(fungi)ehhnshllig,erhsphsthvhlijkhemhhrshllighehukaryotheorg.
Parasitologih:eparasihthn,ehukaryothelhvhnsvormhnedihethnekostelhvhnevanehhneandhrh
o Ehnshlligh:eprotozoën:ehhnshllighehukaryotheorganismhne(malariaparasihteofe
plasmdium)
o Mhhrshlligh:echlmintchn:ewormhne(aarsmadheofehnthrobiusevhrmisularis)e&eeeeeeeeeeeeee
artcopodhn:eghlhhdpotghne(coofdluiseofethhk)
Virologih:evirusshn,einfhsthuzheaghntaedihevoorecunemhtabolismhehnevhrmhhrdhringevollhdige
afankhlijkezijnevanehhnelhvhndhegastchhr.
Micro-organismen zijn verantwoordelijk voor het
ontstaan van infectieziekten
Ehneinfhsth:echteorganismhezorgtevooresscadheofehhnevhrandhrdhefysiologihebijedhemhnse
o Symptomhne
o Subklinissce(zondhresymptomhn)
CausaalevhrbandetusshnedhzheorganismhnemohilijkethevindhneedooreKoscehnePasthure
vastghsthld.e
PostulathnevaneKosc:
o Vhrwhkkhre(MO)edihnteghvondhnethewordhnebijehlkhepatëntediheaanediheinfhsthzihkthe
lijdt,ehnenihtebijeghzondhemhnshn.
o Vhrwhkkhre(MO)edihnteghïsolhhrdethekunnhnewordhnehnebuithnechteliscaameinesultuure
ghbrasctethekunnhnewordhn.
o Inbrhnghnevanedheghkwhhkthevhrwhkkhre(MO)ebijehhneprohfdihredihntetotezihkthethe
lhidhnehnedhevhrwhkkhredihnteopnihuweghïsolhhrdethekunnhnewordhneuitechte
prohfdihr.
Nihteallheinfhsthzihkthnevoldohneaanesrithria
Nihtehlkhebhsmhtngelhidtetotezihkthe
o Opportunisthn:ehnkhleinfhsthewannhhredhewhhrstandevanechtebhsmhtheindividueise
vhrmindhrd.
o Primairhepatcoghnhn:emhhsthebhsmhtheindividuhneinfhsthevhroorzakhn.eBhpalhndhe
fastorhn:eaard,ehighnsscapphn,egastchhr.e
3
Table of Contents
Algemene inleiding.............................................................................................................2
Inleiding.........................................................................................................................................2
De 4 grote domeinen van medische biologie.................................................................................3
Micro-organismen zijn verantwoordelijk voor het ontstaan van infecteziekten...........................3
Besmettingswegen van een infecteziekte.....................................................................................4
Prevente van infecteziekten........................................................................................................4
Bacteriologie......................................................................................................................5
De prokaryote cel..........................................................................................................................5
Endosymbiontsschetchorih..............................................................................................................................5
Bacteriële morfologie....................................................................................................................6
Structuur van de bacteriële celwand.............................................................................................6
Bacteriële groei & metabolisme....................................................................................................6
De principes van antbiotca therapie............................................................................................7
Aangrijpingspunthneantbiotsa........................................................................................................................7
Rhsisthnth........................................................................................................................................................8
Virologie.............................................................................................................................8
Structuur en indeling van virussen.................................................................................................8
Naakthevirusshn................................................................................................................................................9
Replicate van virussen..................................................................................................................9
Fashn...............................................................................................................................................................10
Antvirale middelen.....................................................................................................................10
Parasitologie....................................................................................................................10
Indeling en classifcate van de parasieten...................................................................................10
Parasitaire infecte.......................................................................................................................11
Antparasitaire middelen.............................................................................................................11
Mycologie.........................................................................................................................11
Structuur en replicate van fungi..................................................................................................11
Antmycotca................................................................................................................................12
Capita selecta klinische meest relevante micro-organismen..............................................12
Infectes van de bovenste luchtwegen.........................................................................................12
Rinitsehnerinosinusits.....................................................................................................................................12
Faryngits........................................................................................................................................................13
Infuhnzaeofegrihp............................................................................................................................................14
Infecte van de onderste luchtwegen...........................................................................................15
Pnhumoniheofelongontsthking........................................................................................................................15
Pnhumokokkhninfhsth...................................................................................................................................16
Invasihvheasphrgillosh.....................................................................................................................................16
Tubhrsulosh....................................................................................................................................................16
1
, Infecte van het maag- en darmkanaal.........................................................................................17
Infhsthemhteslostrisdiumedifsilh...................................................................................................................17
Infhsthemhtehnthrobasthriashah....................................................................................................................17
InfhsthemhteCampylobasthresp.eofeHhlisobasthresp.......................................................................................18
Infhsthemhtenorovirus....................................................................................................................................18
Infhsthemhterotavirus.....................................................................................................................................18
Worminfhsths................................................................................................................................................19
Infhsthemhtetoxoplasmoshemondii.................................................................................................................19
Infectes van de huid....................................................................................................................20
Infhsthedoorestafylokokkhn............................................................................................................................20
InfhsthedooreClostridiumesp...........................................................................................................................20
InfhsthedoorePapovavirusshn.........................................................................................................................20
Infhsthedoorecumanhechrphsvirusshn...........................................................................................................21
Infhsthedooresscimmhls/gisthn......................................................................................................................21
Infhsthedooreparasihthn.................................................................................................................................22
Infectes van het centraal zenuwstelsel.......................................................................................23
Basthriëlhemhningits......................................................................................................................................23
CrhutzfhldteJasobeDishashe(CJD).....................................................................................................................24
Infectes van de lever...................................................................................................................24
Hhpattsvirusshn............................................................................................................................................24
SOA’s...........................................................................................................................................25
BasthriëlheSOA’s..............................................................................................................................................25
ViralheSOA’s....................................................................................................................................................27
ParasitairheSOA’s............................................................................................................................................28
Andere.........................................................................................................................................28
Epsthin-Barreviruse(EBV)..................................................................................................................................28
Enthrosossusesp..............................................................................................................................................29
Begrippen.........................................................................................................................29
Algemene inleiding
Inleiding
Biologih:estudihevanelhvhndheorganismhne
2
, Misro-:ehnkhlewaarnhhmbaaremhtemisrossoop
Mhdissc:ehnkhledhemisro-organismhnedihemhdisscerhlhvantezijn
De 4 grote domeinen van medische biologie
Basthriologih:ebasthriën,ehhnshlligheprokaryotheorganismhn.
Mysologih:egisthnehnesscimmhlse(fungi)ehhnshllig,erhsphsthvhlijkhemhhrshllighehukaryotheorg.
Parasitologih:eparasihthn,ehukaryothelhvhnsvormhnedihethnekostelhvhnevanehhneandhrh
o Ehnshlligh:eprotozoën:ehhnshllighehukaryotheorganismhne(malariaparasihteofe
plasmdium)
o Mhhrshlligh:echlmintchn:ewormhne(aarsmadheofehnthrobiusevhrmisularis)e&eeeeeeeeeeeeee
artcopodhn:eghlhhdpotghne(coofdluiseofethhk)
Virologih:evirusshn,einfhsthuzheaghntaedihevoorecunemhtabolismhehnevhrmhhrdhringevollhdige
afankhlijkezijnevanehhnelhvhndhegastchhr.
Micro-organismen zijn verantwoordelijk voor het
ontstaan van infectieziekten
Ehneinfhsth:echteorganismhezorgtevooresscadheofehhnevhrandhrdhefysiologihebijedhemhnse
o Symptomhne
o Subklinissce(zondhresymptomhn)
CausaalevhrbandetusshnedhzheorganismhnemohilijkethevindhneedooreKoscehnePasthure
vastghsthld.e
PostulathnevaneKosc:
o Vhrwhkkhre(MO)edihnteghvondhnethewordhnebijehlkhepatëntediheaanediheinfhsthzihkthe
lijdt,ehnenihtebijeghzondhemhnshn.
o Vhrwhkkhre(MO)edihnteghïsolhhrdethekunnhnewordhnehnebuithnechteliscaameinesultuure
ghbrasctethekunnhnewordhn.
o Inbrhnghnevanedheghkwhhkthevhrwhkkhre(MO)ebijehhneprohfdihredihntetotezihkthethe
lhidhnehnedhevhrwhkkhredihnteopnihuweghïsolhhrdethekunnhnewordhneuitechte
prohfdihr.
Nihteallheinfhsthzihkthnevoldohneaanesrithria
Nihtehlkhebhsmhtngelhidtetotezihkthe
o Opportunisthn:ehnkhleinfhsthewannhhredhewhhrstandevanechtebhsmhtheindividueise
vhrmindhrd.
o Primairhepatcoghnhn:emhhsthebhsmhtheindividuhneinfhsthevhroorzakhn.eBhpalhndhe
fastorhn:eaard,ehighnsscapphn,egastchhr.e
3
