NHA CCMA Review Question.

CC - correct answer Chief Complaint Segment - correct answer Line between two wave forms P-wave - correct answer Atrial Depolarization How many 1mm boxes are in a 6 second Rythm strip? - correct answer 30 one millimeter boxes The SA node represents which waveform on the ekg? - correct answer Only the P-wave What is the reading you can get from the RR interval? - correct answer Ventricular Pulse What is the primary stage of Hemolisis? - correct answer Vascular phase and platelet phase together What is Electophoresis? - correct answer Analyzation of the chemical components of blood e.g. hemoglobin, serum, urinem cerebrospinal fluid based on electrical charge. Positive testing for occult blood in a stool sample turn which color? - correct answer Turns Blue on a positive test for occult blood in feces. The stages of Hemostasis: - correct answer 1. Vascular 2. Platelet Phase 3. Coagulation Phase 4. Fibronolysis Blood Vessels - correct answer Aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venues, veins, superior and inferior vena cavae. Outer connective tissue layer of a blood vessel - correct answer Tunica adventitia Inner endothelial tissue layer of a blood vessel - correct answer Tunica Intima The inner smooth layer of a blood vessel - correct answer Tunica media The standards of right and wrong in a medical setting - correct answer Code of Ethics What do you find in capillaries? - correct answer A mixture of venous and arterial blood is found The average adult has how many liters of blood? - correct answer 5-6 liters What is the percentage of water in blood? - correct answer 92% Percentage of plasma in blood - correct answer 55% Percentage of Formed Elements in the blood - correct answer 45% 99% of formed elements in blood - correct answer RBC's or Erythrocytes Where you find Hemoglobin - correct answer RBC's Where do all blood cells originate? - correct answer Bone Marrow How many RBC's per microliter of blood - correct answer 4.2-6.2 million What is the second most numerous WBC? - correct answer Lymphocyte with 20-40% Their numbers increase in intracellular infections and TB - correct answer Monocytes Their numbers increase in bacterial infections and often are first on scene - correct answer Neutrophils These WBC's play an important role in viral infection as well as in immunity. - correct answer Lymphocytes Number of leukocytes for average adult per micrometer - correct answer Leukopenia - correct answer Decrease in WBC's seen with viral infection and leukemia Comprises 3-8% of wbc or leukocytes - correct answer Monocytes Largest in size of the leukocytes - correct answer Monocytes Carries Histamine - correct answer Basophil Injury to a blood vessel that causes it to constrict, slowing the clot of blood - correct answer Cascular phase of hemostasis Preferred site for venipuncture - correct answer Antecubital fossa Test used to evaluate the intrinsic pathway and monitor heparin therapy - correct answer APTT also know as PTT Test used to evaluate the extrinsic pathway and also used to monitor warfarin therapy - correct answer PT Fibrinolysis - correct answer Breakdown and removal of a clot Converts the temorary platelet plug into a stable fibrin clot - correct answer Coagulation phase 2nd choice vein for venipuncture most often the only one palpatable in an obese pt - correct answer Cephalic vein Antiseptics used in Phlebodtomy - correct answer 70% isopropyl alcohol pads most common, provolone iodine for bc, s and chlorhexidine gluconate for patients that are allergic to betadine/ iodine Length of needle commonly used in venipuncture - correct answer 1 ince (up to 1.5") Guage of needle that can cause hemolysis - correct answer Smaller than 23 guage Average gauge of needle used for drawing blood - correct answer 21-22 3 skills of the phlebotomist - correct answer social, clerical, technical Analytical errors during collection of blood - correct answer extended tourniquet time, hemolysis, wrong order of draw, failure to invert tubes, faulty technique under filling tubes Analytical errors before collection of blood - correct answer Patient misidentification, improper time, wrong tube, not fasting, exercise (cortisol levels), PT posture, poor coordination with other treatments, improper side prep, medication interference Analytical errors after blood collection - correct answer Failure to separate serum from cell (glycolisis), improper use of serum separator (not inverting tubes or not spinning tubes) delays in processing, exposure to light, improper storage conditions, dimming clots Fistula - correct answer Permanent surgical connection between an artery and a vein, never used for venipuncture Edima - correct answer Accumulation of fluid in tissue Thrombophlebitis - correct answer Inflammation of a vein with a clot formation Explanation of Hemoconcentration - correct answer The increase in proportion of formed elements to plasma caused by leaving on the tourniquet for more than two minutes Consequence of insufficient pressure applied after withdrawal of needle - correct answer Thrombus additives in green top tube - correct answer heparin, sodium, litium, ammonium Why is the green top tube never used for hematology - correct answer Green tops additive heparin interferes with the Wright's stained blood test Common tests for the lifht blue sodium citrate tube - correct answer Coagulation studies, PT (extrinsic, warfarin) APTT, PTT (intrinsic, heparin) TT, BT, FDP Common tests for the lavendar edta tube - correct answer CBC, differential or diff., ESR, sickle cell screening Common tests for this color tube are chemistry tests performed on plasuma such as Ammonia, carboxyhemoglobin and STAT electrolytes - correct answer Green top tube (heparin) Tests How long does it take for blood to clot by normal coagulation process in the red top tube? - correct answer 30-60 mins The primary purpose is to provide reliable data about a patients health status by ensuring the accuracy of a test while detecting and eliminating error - correct answer What is quality control Common test for the red topped tube - correct answer Serum chemistry tests, serology tests, blood bank (glass only) Order of draw for cappilary specimens - correct answer lavender first, then tubes with other additives, then tubes with out additives Antiseptic not used on a dermal puncture site - correct answer Betadine (because it interferes with several tests like bilirubin, uric acid, phosphorus and potassium For which procedure would you warm the site for a minimum of 3-4 minutes to increase blood flow? - correct answer dermal punctures (heel sticks) Which are the preferred sites for dermal punctures - correct answer the distal segment of the third or fourth finger of the non-dominant hand heel sticks are performed on which patients? - correct answer infants less than 1 year old Where on the foot is the dermal puncture made on patients less than a year old - correct answer the medial and lateral areas of the plantar surface of the foot dermal puncture is made in - correct answer the fleshy portion of the finger slightly to the side of the center perpendicular to the lines of the fingerprints What will occur if you puncture the heel too deep? 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