Orthopedagogische Doelgroepen
& Werkvelden 2
Inhoudsopgave
H1 Multirobleemgezinnen........................................................................................................5
1.1 Inleidende casussen..........................................................................................................5
1.2 Oorsirong en defnite......................................................................................................5
1.3 Kenmerken........................................................................................................................6
1.4 Soorten iroblemen...........................................................................................................6
1.5 Huliverlening....................................................................................................................7
H2 Kindermishandeling...............................................................................................................7
2.1 Inleiding.............................................................................................................................7
2.2 Vormen..............................................................................................................................7
2.3 Prevalente........................................................................................................................8
2.4 Gevolgen...........................................................................................................................8
2.5 Verklaringen ontstaan.......................................................................................................9
2.6 Prevente.........................................................................................................................10
2.7 Vermoeden......................................................................................................................10
H3 Kansarmoede.......................................................................................................................11
H4 Gedragsiroblemen en gedragsstoornissen.........................................................................12
4.1 Voorbeelden....................................................................................................................13
4.2 Terminologie + defniiring..............................................................................................13
4.2.1. Terminologie...........................................................................................................13
4.2.2 Aandachtsiunten bij defniiren..............................................................................14
4.2.3 Defnite....................................................................................................................14
4.3 Classifcate......................................................................................................................14
4.3.1 Twee soorten classifcate gedragsiroblemene.......................................................15
4.3.2 Kriteken oi DMS-5e.................................................................................................15
4.3.3 Gedragsstoornissen ODD en CDe.............................................................................16
4.3.4 Prevalente en comorbiditeit...................................................................................17
4.4 Eiidemiologisch onderzoek............................................................................................18
4.5 Etologie van gedragsiroblemen....................................................................................18
4.5.1 Monocausale verklaringsmodellen..........................................................................18
4.5.2 Multcausale verklaringsmodellen...........................................................................19
, 4.6 Diagnostek en behandeling............................................................................................20
4.6.1 Diagnostek in engere/ bredere zin..........................................................................20
4.6.2 onderkennende/ classifcerende diagnostek..........................................................20
4.6.3 (Be)handelingsgerichte diagnostek.........................................................................20
H5 Hechtngsiroblemen en -stoornissen.................................................................................21
5.1 Inleiding...........................................................................................................................21
5.2 Defnite...........................................................................................................................21
5.3 Identteitsontwikkeling...................................................................................................22
5.4 Etologie...........................................................................................................................22
5.4.1 Twee vormen hechtngsstoornissen........................................................................22
5.4.2 Invloeden oi ouder-kindrelate...............................................................................22
5.4.3 Oivoedingsstjlen.....................................................................................................22
5.5 Classifcate......................................................................................................................23
5.5.1 RADe Reactve AAachment Disorder........................................................................23
5.6 Diagnostek + ondersteuning..........................................................................................24
5.7 Prognose.........................................................................................................................24
5.8 risico factoren.................................................................................................................24
H6 ADHD....................................................................................................................................25
6.1 Terminologie...................................................................................................................25
6.2 Klinisch beeld..................................................................................................................25
6.2.1 Gedragsasiecten......................................................................................................25
6.2.2 Variate symitomen naar leefijd............................................................................26
6.2.3 Secundaire gevolgen................................................................................................26
6.2.4 Positeve noot..........................................................................................................26
6.3 Diagnose..........................................................................................................................26
6.3.1 Siecifcates..............................................................................................................27
6.3.2 Diagnostsch iroces.................................................................................................27
6.3.3 Comorbiditeit...........................................................................................................28
6.3.4 Diferentaaldiagnose...............................................................................................28
6.4 Etologie...........................................................................................................................28
6.5 Prevalente......................................................................................................................29
6.6 Prognose.........................................................................................................................29
6.7 Ondersteuning................................................................................................................29
H7 Drughuliverlening...............................................................................................................30
7.1 Geschiedenis...................................................................................................................30
, 7.2 Terminologie...................................................................................................................31
7.2.2 Begriiien.................................................................................................................32
7.3 Drugs...............................................................................................................................32
7.4 Maatschaiielijke reactes..............................................................................................32
7.5 Psychologische inzichten.................................................................................................33
7.5.1 Mens-middel-milieu.................................................................................................33
7.5.2 Fases afhankelijkheidsiroces...................................................................................33
7.5.3 De vicieuze cirkels....................................................................................................33
7.5.4 De stadia van verandering Prochaska + DiClemente (’92)e......................................34
7.5.5 Stadia van verandering volgens De Leon.................................................................35
7.5.6 Dubbeldiagnose.......................................................................................................36
7.6 Orthoiedagogiek............................................................................................................36
7.6.1 Theraieutsche Gemeenschai................................................................................36
7.6.2 Casemanagement....................................................................................................36
7.6.3 Kinderen van drugsverslaafde ouders.....................................................................37
H8 Leeriroblemen & leerstoornissen.......................................................................................37
8.1 Wat zijn leerstoornissen.................................................................................................37
8.1.2 Terminologie............................................................................................................37
8.1.3 Defnite leerstoornis................................................................................................37
8.1.4 Kenmerken leerstoornis...........................................................................................38
8.2 Verschijningsvormen.......................................................................................................38
8.2.1 Taalstoornissene Dyslexie + dysorthografe.............................................................38
8.2.2 Rekenstoornis = Dyscalculie.....................................................................................39
8.2.3 NLD...........................................................................................................................39
8.2.4 Dysgrafe...................................................................................................................40
8.2.5 DCD / Dysiraxie.......................................................................................................40
8.3 Diagnose..........................................................................................................................40
8.4 Imiact leerstoornissen...................................................................................................41
8.5 Psychosociale gevolgen leerstoornissen.........................................................................41
8.6 M-Decreet.......................................................................................................................41
H9 NBBM...................................................................................................................................42
9.1 Defnite...........................................................................................................................42
9.2 Verblijfsdocumenten en oivang.....................................................................................42
9.3 Voogdij............................................................................................................................42
9.4 Oivang............................................................................................................................43
, 9.5 Psychosociaal + emotoneel welzijn................................................................................43
9.6 Aandachtsiunten + uitdagingen begeleiders.................................................................43
H10 Geïnterneerden.................................................................................................................43
10.1 Internering....................................................................................................................43
10.2 Wet (2007) oi Internering van iersonen met geestesstoornis...................................44
10.3 Prevalente....................................................................................................................44
10.2 Poiulateirofel.............................................................................................................44
10.3 Classifcate iroblematek.............................................................................................44
10.4 Behandelingsmogelijkheden.........................................................................................44
10.4.1 Tweesiorenbeleid..................................................................................................44
H11 Ouderen met demente.....................................................................................................45
11.1 Inleiding.........................................................................................................................45
11.2 Situering........................................................................................................................45
11.3 Prevalente....................................................................................................................45
11.4 Terminologie.................................................................................................................45
11.5 Criteria...........................................................................................................................45
11.6 Symitomen...................................................................................................................45
11.7 Oorzaken.......................................................................................................................46
11.8 Risicofactoren................................................................................................................46
11.9 Belevingsfasen...............................................................................................................46
11.10 Ondersteuning............................................................................................................47
H12 Naar een integrale jeugdhuli............................................................................................48
12.1 Integrale jeugdhuli.......................................................................................................48
12.1.1 De 5W’s van IJH......................................................................................................48
12.1.2 Hoe - schema IJH....................................................................................................49
12.1.3 RTJe Rechtstreeks Toegankelijke Jeugdhuli...........................................................50
12.1.4 NRTJe Niet Rechtstreeks Toegankelijke Jeugdhuli................................................51
12.1.5 Toegang..................................................................................................................51
12.1.6 Maatschaiielijke noodzaak..................................................................................51
12.2 MOF...............................................................................................................................52
12.3 Praktjk..........................................................................................................................52
H13 Jongerenwelzijn.................................................................................................................53
13.1 Inleiding.........................................................................................................................53
13.2 Historiek........................................................................................................................53
13.3 WeAen..........................................................................................................................54
& Werkvelden 2
Inhoudsopgave
H1 Multirobleemgezinnen........................................................................................................5
1.1 Inleidende casussen..........................................................................................................5
1.2 Oorsirong en defnite......................................................................................................5
1.3 Kenmerken........................................................................................................................6
1.4 Soorten iroblemen...........................................................................................................6
1.5 Huliverlening....................................................................................................................7
H2 Kindermishandeling...............................................................................................................7
2.1 Inleiding.............................................................................................................................7
2.2 Vormen..............................................................................................................................7
2.3 Prevalente........................................................................................................................8
2.4 Gevolgen...........................................................................................................................8
2.5 Verklaringen ontstaan.......................................................................................................9
2.6 Prevente.........................................................................................................................10
2.7 Vermoeden......................................................................................................................10
H3 Kansarmoede.......................................................................................................................11
H4 Gedragsiroblemen en gedragsstoornissen.........................................................................12
4.1 Voorbeelden....................................................................................................................13
4.2 Terminologie + defniiring..............................................................................................13
4.2.1. Terminologie...........................................................................................................13
4.2.2 Aandachtsiunten bij defniiren..............................................................................14
4.2.3 Defnite....................................................................................................................14
4.3 Classifcate......................................................................................................................14
4.3.1 Twee soorten classifcate gedragsiroblemene.......................................................15
4.3.2 Kriteken oi DMS-5e.................................................................................................15
4.3.3 Gedragsstoornissen ODD en CDe.............................................................................16
4.3.4 Prevalente en comorbiditeit...................................................................................17
4.4 Eiidemiologisch onderzoek............................................................................................18
4.5 Etologie van gedragsiroblemen....................................................................................18
4.5.1 Monocausale verklaringsmodellen..........................................................................18
4.5.2 Multcausale verklaringsmodellen...........................................................................19
, 4.6 Diagnostek en behandeling............................................................................................20
4.6.1 Diagnostek in engere/ bredere zin..........................................................................20
4.6.2 onderkennende/ classifcerende diagnostek..........................................................20
4.6.3 (Be)handelingsgerichte diagnostek.........................................................................20
H5 Hechtngsiroblemen en -stoornissen.................................................................................21
5.1 Inleiding...........................................................................................................................21
5.2 Defnite...........................................................................................................................21
5.3 Identteitsontwikkeling...................................................................................................22
5.4 Etologie...........................................................................................................................22
5.4.1 Twee vormen hechtngsstoornissen........................................................................22
5.4.2 Invloeden oi ouder-kindrelate...............................................................................22
5.4.3 Oivoedingsstjlen.....................................................................................................22
5.5 Classifcate......................................................................................................................23
5.5.1 RADe Reactve AAachment Disorder........................................................................23
5.6 Diagnostek + ondersteuning..........................................................................................24
5.7 Prognose.........................................................................................................................24
5.8 risico factoren.................................................................................................................24
H6 ADHD....................................................................................................................................25
6.1 Terminologie...................................................................................................................25
6.2 Klinisch beeld..................................................................................................................25
6.2.1 Gedragsasiecten......................................................................................................25
6.2.2 Variate symitomen naar leefijd............................................................................26
6.2.3 Secundaire gevolgen................................................................................................26
6.2.4 Positeve noot..........................................................................................................26
6.3 Diagnose..........................................................................................................................26
6.3.1 Siecifcates..............................................................................................................27
6.3.2 Diagnostsch iroces.................................................................................................27
6.3.3 Comorbiditeit...........................................................................................................28
6.3.4 Diferentaaldiagnose...............................................................................................28
6.4 Etologie...........................................................................................................................28
6.5 Prevalente......................................................................................................................29
6.6 Prognose.........................................................................................................................29
6.7 Ondersteuning................................................................................................................29
H7 Drughuliverlening...............................................................................................................30
7.1 Geschiedenis...................................................................................................................30
, 7.2 Terminologie...................................................................................................................31
7.2.2 Begriiien.................................................................................................................32
7.3 Drugs...............................................................................................................................32
7.4 Maatschaiielijke reactes..............................................................................................32
7.5 Psychologische inzichten.................................................................................................33
7.5.1 Mens-middel-milieu.................................................................................................33
7.5.2 Fases afhankelijkheidsiroces...................................................................................33
7.5.3 De vicieuze cirkels....................................................................................................33
7.5.4 De stadia van verandering Prochaska + DiClemente (’92)e......................................34
7.5.5 Stadia van verandering volgens De Leon.................................................................35
7.5.6 Dubbeldiagnose.......................................................................................................36
7.6 Orthoiedagogiek............................................................................................................36
7.6.1 Theraieutsche Gemeenschai................................................................................36
7.6.2 Casemanagement....................................................................................................36
7.6.3 Kinderen van drugsverslaafde ouders.....................................................................37
H8 Leeriroblemen & leerstoornissen.......................................................................................37
8.1 Wat zijn leerstoornissen.................................................................................................37
8.1.2 Terminologie............................................................................................................37
8.1.3 Defnite leerstoornis................................................................................................37
8.1.4 Kenmerken leerstoornis...........................................................................................38
8.2 Verschijningsvormen.......................................................................................................38
8.2.1 Taalstoornissene Dyslexie + dysorthografe.............................................................38
8.2.2 Rekenstoornis = Dyscalculie.....................................................................................39
8.2.3 NLD...........................................................................................................................39
8.2.4 Dysgrafe...................................................................................................................40
8.2.5 DCD / Dysiraxie.......................................................................................................40
8.3 Diagnose..........................................................................................................................40
8.4 Imiact leerstoornissen...................................................................................................41
8.5 Psychosociale gevolgen leerstoornissen.........................................................................41
8.6 M-Decreet.......................................................................................................................41
H9 NBBM...................................................................................................................................42
9.1 Defnite...........................................................................................................................42
9.2 Verblijfsdocumenten en oivang.....................................................................................42
9.3 Voogdij............................................................................................................................42
9.4 Oivang............................................................................................................................43
, 9.5 Psychosociaal + emotoneel welzijn................................................................................43
9.6 Aandachtsiunten + uitdagingen begeleiders.................................................................43
H10 Geïnterneerden.................................................................................................................43
10.1 Internering....................................................................................................................43
10.2 Wet (2007) oi Internering van iersonen met geestesstoornis...................................44
10.3 Prevalente....................................................................................................................44
10.2 Poiulateirofel.............................................................................................................44
10.3 Classifcate iroblematek.............................................................................................44
10.4 Behandelingsmogelijkheden.........................................................................................44
10.4.1 Tweesiorenbeleid..................................................................................................44
H11 Ouderen met demente.....................................................................................................45
11.1 Inleiding.........................................................................................................................45
11.2 Situering........................................................................................................................45
11.3 Prevalente....................................................................................................................45
11.4 Terminologie.................................................................................................................45
11.5 Criteria...........................................................................................................................45
11.6 Symitomen...................................................................................................................45
11.7 Oorzaken.......................................................................................................................46
11.8 Risicofactoren................................................................................................................46
11.9 Belevingsfasen...............................................................................................................46
11.10 Ondersteuning............................................................................................................47
H12 Naar een integrale jeugdhuli............................................................................................48
12.1 Integrale jeugdhuli.......................................................................................................48
12.1.1 De 5W’s van IJH......................................................................................................48
12.1.2 Hoe - schema IJH....................................................................................................49
12.1.3 RTJe Rechtstreeks Toegankelijke Jeugdhuli...........................................................50
12.1.4 NRTJe Niet Rechtstreeks Toegankelijke Jeugdhuli................................................51
12.1.5 Toegang..................................................................................................................51
12.1.6 Maatschaiielijke noodzaak..................................................................................51
12.2 MOF...............................................................................................................................52
12.3 Praktjk..........................................................................................................................52
H13 Jongerenwelzijn.................................................................................................................53
13.1 Inleiding.........................................................................................................................53
13.2 Historiek........................................................................................................................53
13.3 WeAen..........................................................................................................................54
