ANATOMIE VAN DE
VERTEBRATEN
DIERKUNDE
1e bachelor diergeneeskunde
Pauline Bruyns
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding.................................................................................................................................... 4
Indeling.................................................................................................................................................................4
Hoofdstuk 2: de dierlijke cel........................................................................................................................... 5
Opbouw................................................................................................................................................................5
Expressie van een gen..........................................................................................................................................5
Hoofdstuk 3: voortplanting en ontwikkeling................................................................................................... 6
Celvermeerdering.................................................................................................................................................6
Mitose...................................................................................................................................................................6
Meiose..................................................................................................................................................................6
1e meiotische deling.............................................................................................................................................7
2e meiotische deling.............................................................................................................................................7
Aseksuele voortplanting.......................................................................................................................................7
Seksuele voortplanting.........................................................................................................................................7
Soorten seksuele voortplanting............................................................................................................................8
Ontwikkeling........................................................................................................................................................8
Celdifferentiatie....................................................................................................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 4: diversiteit en evolutie.............................................................................................................. 11
Evolutie...............................................................................................................................................................11
Terminologie......................................................................................................................................................11
Seksuele selectie.................................................................................................................................................11
Genetische drift..................................................................................................................................................12
Micro-evolutie vs. macro-evolutie......................................................................................................................12
Evolutieleer.........................................................................................................................................................12
Classificatie.........................................................................................................................................................13
Indeling dierenrijk...............................................................................................................................................14
Genetische verwantschap..................................................................................................................................14
Hoofdstuk 5: Protozoa................................................................................................................................. 15
Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................................15
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................15
Hoofdstuk 6: Porifera................................................................................................................................... 17
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................17
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................17
Organisatietypes................................................................................................................................................17
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................18
1
, Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................18
Hoofstuk 7: Cnidaria.................................................................................................................................... 19
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................19
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................19
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................20
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................20
Hoofdstuk 8: Platyhelminthes...................................................................................................................... 21
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................21
Groepen..............................................................................................................................................................21
Classis Turbellaria...............................................................................................................................................21
Classis Trematoda..............................................................................................................................................23
Classis cestoda...................................................................................................................................................24
Hoofdstuk 9: Nematoda............................................................................................................................... 26
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................26
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................26
Hoofdstuk 10: Annelida................................................................................................................................ 29
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................29
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................29
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................30
Hoofdstuk 11: Mollusca............................................................................................................................... 32
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................32
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................32
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................32
Classis Gastropoda.............................................................................................................................................33
Classis Bivalvia....................................................................................................................................................34
Hoofdstuk 12: Arthropoda........................................................................................................................... 35
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................35
Algemeen...........................................................................................................................................................35
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................35
Cuticula...............................................................................................................................................................36
Opbouw..............................................................................................................................................................37
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................38
Classis Arachnida................................................................................................................................................39
Subphylum Crustaceae.......................................................................................................................................39
Subphylum Insecta.............................................................................................................................................40
Hoofdstuk 16: Chordata............................................................................................................................... 41
2
, Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................41
Opbouw..............................................................................................................................................................41
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................42
Algemene kenmerken.........................................................................................................................................42
Inwendig.............................................................................................................................................................42
Skelet..................................................................................................................................................................42
Onderverdeling...................................................................................................................................................43
Chondrichtyes.....................................................................................................................................................43
Osteichtyes.........................................................................................................................................................44
Amphibia............................................................................................................................................................46
Reptilia...............................................................................................................................................................47
Aves....................................................................................................................................................................48
Mammalia..........................................................................................................................................................49
3
VERTEBRATEN
DIERKUNDE
1e bachelor diergeneeskunde
Pauline Bruyns
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding.................................................................................................................................... 4
Indeling.................................................................................................................................................................4
Hoofdstuk 2: de dierlijke cel........................................................................................................................... 5
Opbouw................................................................................................................................................................5
Expressie van een gen..........................................................................................................................................5
Hoofdstuk 3: voortplanting en ontwikkeling................................................................................................... 6
Celvermeerdering.................................................................................................................................................6
Mitose...................................................................................................................................................................6
Meiose..................................................................................................................................................................6
1e meiotische deling.............................................................................................................................................7
2e meiotische deling.............................................................................................................................................7
Aseksuele voortplanting.......................................................................................................................................7
Seksuele voortplanting.........................................................................................................................................7
Soorten seksuele voortplanting............................................................................................................................8
Ontwikkeling........................................................................................................................................................8
Celdifferentiatie....................................................................................................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 4: diversiteit en evolutie.............................................................................................................. 11
Evolutie...............................................................................................................................................................11
Terminologie......................................................................................................................................................11
Seksuele selectie.................................................................................................................................................11
Genetische drift..................................................................................................................................................12
Micro-evolutie vs. macro-evolutie......................................................................................................................12
Evolutieleer.........................................................................................................................................................12
Classificatie.........................................................................................................................................................13
Indeling dierenrijk...............................................................................................................................................14
Genetische verwantschap..................................................................................................................................14
Hoofdstuk 5: Protozoa................................................................................................................................. 15
Inleiding..............................................................................................................................................................15
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................15
Hoofdstuk 6: Porifera................................................................................................................................... 17
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................17
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................17
Organisatietypes................................................................................................................................................17
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................18
1
, Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................18
Hoofstuk 7: Cnidaria.................................................................................................................................... 19
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................19
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................19
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................20
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................20
Hoofdstuk 8: Platyhelminthes...................................................................................................................... 21
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................21
Groepen..............................................................................................................................................................21
Classis Turbellaria...............................................................................................................................................21
Classis Trematoda..............................................................................................................................................23
Classis cestoda...................................................................................................................................................24
Hoofdstuk 9: Nematoda............................................................................................................................... 26
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................26
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................26
Hoofdstuk 10: Annelida................................................................................................................................ 29
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................29
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................29
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................30
Hoofdstuk 11: Mollusca............................................................................................................................... 32
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................32
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................32
Bouwplan...........................................................................................................................................................32
Classis Gastropoda.............................................................................................................................................33
Classis Bivalvia....................................................................................................................................................34
Hoofdstuk 12: Arthropoda........................................................................................................................... 35
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................35
Algemeen...........................................................................................................................................................35
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................35
Cuticula...............................................................................................................................................................36
Opbouw..............................................................................................................................................................37
Voortplanting.....................................................................................................................................................38
Classis Arachnida................................................................................................................................................39
Subphylum Crustaceae.......................................................................................................................................39
Subphylum Insecta.............................................................................................................................................40
Hoofdstuk 16: Chordata............................................................................................................................... 41
2
, Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................41
Opbouw..............................................................................................................................................................41
Systematiek........................................................................................................................................................42
Algemene kenmerken.........................................................................................................................................42
Inwendig.............................................................................................................................................................42
Skelet..................................................................................................................................................................42
Onderverdeling...................................................................................................................................................43
Chondrichtyes.....................................................................................................................................................43
Osteichtyes.........................................................................................................................................................44
Amphibia............................................................................................................................................................46
Reptilia...............................................................................................................................................................47
Aves....................................................................................................................................................................48
Mammalia..........................................................................................................................................................49
3
