Summary CCNA1

Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018


Chapter 1: Explore the network

The ways we communicate

 Texting
 Social media
 Collaboration tools
 Blogs
 Wikis
 Podcasting
 Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file sharing

Sizes of networks

 PAN (Personal Area Network)
 LAN (Local Area Network) or WLAN (Wireless LAN)
 MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
 WAN (Wide Area Network)
 SAN (Storage Area Network)

Clients and servers  all end devices called hosts

Peer-to-Peer  many computers function as the servers and clients on the network

Network components

 Devices (physical elements)
 Media
 Services

End devices

 Desktop Computer
 Laptop
 Printer
 IP phone
 Wireless Tablet
 TelePresence endpoint

Intermediary devices

 Wireless router
 LAN switch
 Router
 Multilayer switch
 Firewall appliance

Network media


1

,Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018


 Copper
 Fiber optic
 Wireless



Network Interface Card (NIC)  provides the physical connection to the network

Physical Port  a connector or outlet on a networking device where the media is connected to an end
device or another networking device

Interface  specialized ports on a networking device that connect to individual networks

Topology diagrams

 Physical topology diagrams  identify the physical location of intermediary devices and cable
installation
 Logical topology diagrams  identify devices, ports, and addressing scheme

Tranets

 Intranet
 Extranet

Home and small office internet connections

 Cable
 DSL (Digital Subscriber Lines)
 Cellular
 Satellite
 Dial-up Telephone

Businesses internet connections

 Dedicated leased line
 Ethernet WAN
 DSL
 Satellite

Network architecture

 Fault tolerance
 Scalability
 Quality of Service (QoS)
 Security

New trends

 Bring your own device (BYOD)
 Online collaboration
 Video communications

2

,Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018


 Cloud computing




3

,Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018


Chapter 2: Configure a network operating system

Operating Systems (OS)

 Shell
 Kernel
 Hardware

Interfaces

 Command-line interface (CLI)
 Graphical user interface (GUI)

Access methods

 Console  the physical management port
 Secure Shell (SSH)  a remote secure CLI connection through a virtual interface
 Telnet  a remote insecure CLI connection through a virtual interface




4

,Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018


Chapter 3: Network protocols and communications

Establishment rules

1. An identified sender and receiver
2. Common language and grammar
3. Speed and timing of delivery
4. Confirmation or acknowledgment requirements

Message timing

 Access Method  a method that determines when someone can send a message, when to begin
sending messages
 Flow Control  control the time between 2 frames
 Response Timeout

Message delivery options

 Unicast
 Multicast
 Broadcast




5

,Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018


TCP/IP Protocol Suite




DNS  Domain Name System (or Service)
BOOTD  Bootstrap Protocol
DHCP  Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
SMTP  Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
POP(3)  Post Office Protocol (version 3)
IMAP  Internet Message Access Protocol
FTP  File Transfer Protocol
TFTP  Trivial File Transfer Protocol
HTTP  Hypertext Transfer Protocol

UDP  User Diagram Protocol
TCP  Transmission Control Protocol

IP  Internet Protocol
NAT  Network Address Translation
ICMP  Internet Control Message Protocol
OSPF  Open Shortest Path First
EIGRP  Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol

ARP  Address Resolution Protocol
PPP  Point-to-Point Protocol




6

,Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018




The benefits of using a layered model

 Assisting in protocol design because protocols that operate at a specific layer have defined
information that they act upon and a defined interface to the layers above and below
 Fostering competition because products from different vendors can work together
 Preventing technology or capability changes in one layer from affecting other layers above and
below
 Providing a common language to describe networking functions and capabilities

Protocol model  this type of model closely matches the structure of a particular protocol suite

Reference model  this type of model provides consistency within all types of networking protocols and
services by describing what to be done at a particular layer

Segmentation  breaking communication into pieces

Multiplexing  multiple communications are interleaved, giving each user a part of the bandwidth




7

,Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018




Network addresses




8

,Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018


Data link addresses




Devices on the same network

 Network portion  the left-most part of the address that indicates which network the IP address
is a member
 Host portion  the remaining part of the address that identifies a specific device on the network




9

, Tom Van de Velde KdG 2017-2018




10