BELEID IN DE SOCIAL PROFIT
Samenvatting semester 2
Bachelor in de Orthopedagogie
2022-2023
Femke Peeters
,Inhoud
1. MANAGEMENT
Beleid en ethiek ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Wat is management? .............................................................................................................................. 6
Leiderschap: aangeboren of aangeleerd? ........................................................................................... 7
Management: takenpakket in de sociale sector ..................................................................................... 7
Management: elementen goed leiderschap ........................................................................................... 8
Valkuilen bij leidinggevend coachen ................................................................................................... 8
Management: evolutie in managementmodellen – EXAMENVRAAG!! .................................................. 9
1900-1925 Rationeel-doelmodel......................................................................................................... 9
1900-1925 Intern proces model .......................................................................................................... 9
1926-1950 Human-Relationsmodel .................................................................................................. 10
1951-1975 Open-systeemmodel ....................................................................................................... 10
1976-heden En/én vooronderstellingen ........................................................................................... 11
Model van concurrerende waarden – invuloefening + uitleggen EXAMEN .................................. 12
Management: managementrollen ........................................................................................................ 12
Taakgerichte rol ................................................................................................................................. 13
Mensgerichte rol ............................................................................................................................... 13
Veranderingsgerichte rol ................................................................................................................... 13
Externgerichte rol .............................................................................................................................. 14
Waardengerichte rol ......................................................................................................................... 14
2. UITDAGINGEN SOCIALE SECTOR
Maatschappelijke trends en uitdagingen .............................................................................................. 15
Uitdagingen in de non-profitsector ....................................................................................................... 16
Privatisering ........................................................................................................................................... 18
Invloed op organisaties en het beroep ................................................................................................. 19
3. SOCIAAL ONDERNEMEN
Ondernemende vaardigheden .............................................................................................................. 21
Ontstaan ................................................................................................................................................ 22
Vormen van sociaal ondernemen ......................................................................................................... 23
Vormen van socialer ondernemen ........................................................................................................ 24
Maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen .................................................................................... 24
Sociale economie............................................................................................................................... 28
1
, Vormen sociale economie ............................................................................................................. 30
Sociaal ondernemen .......................................................................................................................... 31
Voorbeelden sociaal ondernemen ................................................................................................ 32
4. BUSINESSMODELS - SOCIAAL ONDERNEMEN
Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 33
Sociaal ondernemen - welk verschil wil je maken? ............................................................................... 33
Businessmodellen .................................................................................................................................. 34
Impact Driven Business Modelling – HoGent .................................................................................... 38
Businessmodellen = trategisch werken ............................................................................................. 38
5. STRATEGISCH MANAGEMENT
Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 40
Waar willen we naartoe? ...................................................................................................................... 40
Theory of Change - TOC..................................................................................................................... 40
Missie................................................................................................................................................. 42
Elementen in een missie................................................................................................................ 43
Kenmerken goede missie .............................................................................................................. 43
Functies missie .............................................................................................................................. 44
Van missie naar visie ......................................................................................................................... 45
Voorwaarden visie ......................................................................................................................... 46
Audit – waar zijn we nu? ....................................................................................................................... 46
Externe analyse ............................................................................................................................. 47
Interne analyse (micro) ................................................................................................................. 51
Hoe gaan we er geraken? ...................................................................................................................... 53
Strategie ............................................................................................................................................ 53
SWOT-analyse.................................................................................................................................... 53
Hoe gaan we er geraken? ...................................................................................................................... 56
Doelstellingen .................................................................................................................................... 56
Hoe gaan we er geraken? ...................................................................................................................... 57
Actieplan............................................................................................................................................ 57
6. FINANCIEEL MANAGEMENT - INKOMSTENBRONNEN
Financiële verslaggeving........................................................................................................................ 59
Jaarrekening ...................................................................................................................................... 59
Resultatenrekening ....................................................................................................................... 59
2
, De balans ....................................................................................................................................... 59
Inkomsten voor organisaties ................................................................................................................. 60
Externe bronnen................................................................................................................................ 60
Subsidiering ................................................................................................................................... 60
Sponsering ..................................................................................................................................... 61
Interne bronnen ................................................................................................................................ 62
Dienstverlening.............................................................................................................................. 62
Fondsenwerving ............................................................................................................................ 63
7. SOCIALE MARKETING
Is er een markt? ..................................................................................................................................... 67
Concurrentieanalyse.......................................................................................................................... 67
Marktonderzoek ................................................................................................................................ 67
Mogelijke fouten bij marktonderzoek ........................................................................................... 68
Wat doen bij marktonderzoek ...................................................................................................... 68
STP-model.............................................................................................................................................. 69
Segmenteren ..................................................................................................................................... 70
Targeten ............................................................................................................................................ 71
Positioneren ...................................................................................................................................... 73
Wat is er anders aan? ............................................................................................................................ 75
Mogelijke veranderingen – EXAMENVRAAG!!! ..................................................................................... 76
Cognitieve verandering ..................................................................................................................... 76
Actieverandering ............................................................................................................................... 76
Gedragsverandering .......................................................................................................................... 77
Waardeverandering........................................................................................................................... 77
8. ORGANISATIEVERANDERING (DEEL 1, 2 EN 3)
De noodzaak van verandering ............................................................................................................... 78
Integrale organisatieverandering .......................................................................................................... 81
Proces van integrale organisatieverandering.................................................................................... 81
Integrale organisatieverandering samengevat ................................................................................. 83
Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 84
Risico’s en valkuilen bij verandering ..................................................................................................... 84
Weerstand ......................................................................................................................................... 85
Voortrekkers en gangmakers ........................................................................................................ 85
Principes van weerstand ............................................................................................................... 86
3
Samenvatting semester 2
Bachelor in de Orthopedagogie
2022-2023
Femke Peeters
,Inhoud
1. MANAGEMENT
Beleid en ethiek ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Wat is management? .............................................................................................................................. 6
Leiderschap: aangeboren of aangeleerd? ........................................................................................... 7
Management: takenpakket in de sociale sector ..................................................................................... 7
Management: elementen goed leiderschap ........................................................................................... 8
Valkuilen bij leidinggevend coachen ................................................................................................... 8
Management: evolutie in managementmodellen – EXAMENVRAAG!! .................................................. 9
1900-1925 Rationeel-doelmodel......................................................................................................... 9
1900-1925 Intern proces model .......................................................................................................... 9
1926-1950 Human-Relationsmodel .................................................................................................. 10
1951-1975 Open-systeemmodel ....................................................................................................... 10
1976-heden En/én vooronderstellingen ........................................................................................... 11
Model van concurrerende waarden – invuloefening + uitleggen EXAMEN .................................. 12
Management: managementrollen ........................................................................................................ 12
Taakgerichte rol ................................................................................................................................. 13
Mensgerichte rol ............................................................................................................................... 13
Veranderingsgerichte rol ................................................................................................................... 13
Externgerichte rol .............................................................................................................................. 14
Waardengerichte rol ......................................................................................................................... 14
2. UITDAGINGEN SOCIALE SECTOR
Maatschappelijke trends en uitdagingen .............................................................................................. 15
Uitdagingen in de non-profitsector ....................................................................................................... 16
Privatisering ........................................................................................................................................... 18
Invloed op organisaties en het beroep ................................................................................................. 19
3. SOCIAAL ONDERNEMEN
Ondernemende vaardigheden .............................................................................................................. 21
Ontstaan ................................................................................................................................................ 22
Vormen van sociaal ondernemen ......................................................................................................... 23
Vormen van socialer ondernemen ........................................................................................................ 24
Maatschappelijk verantwoord ondernemen .................................................................................... 24
Sociale economie............................................................................................................................... 28
1
, Vormen sociale economie ............................................................................................................. 30
Sociaal ondernemen .......................................................................................................................... 31
Voorbeelden sociaal ondernemen ................................................................................................ 32
4. BUSINESSMODELS - SOCIAAL ONDERNEMEN
Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 33
Sociaal ondernemen - welk verschil wil je maken? ............................................................................... 33
Businessmodellen .................................................................................................................................. 34
Impact Driven Business Modelling – HoGent .................................................................................... 38
Businessmodellen = trategisch werken ............................................................................................. 38
5. STRATEGISCH MANAGEMENT
Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 40
Waar willen we naartoe? ...................................................................................................................... 40
Theory of Change - TOC..................................................................................................................... 40
Missie................................................................................................................................................. 42
Elementen in een missie................................................................................................................ 43
Kenmerken goede missie .............................................................................................................. 43
Functies missie .............................................................................................................................. 44
Van missie naar visie ......................................................................................................................... 45
Voorwaarden visie ......................................................................................................................... 46
Audit – waar zijn we nu? ....................................................................................................................... 46
Externe analyse ............................................................................................................................. 47
Interne analyse (micro) ................................................................................................................. 51
Hoe gaan we er geraken? ...................................................................................................................... 53
Strategie ............................................................................................................................................ 53
SWOT-analyse.................................................................................................................................... 53
Hoe gaan we er geraken? ...................................................................................................................... 56
Doelstellingen .................................................................................................................................... 56
Hoe gaan we er geraken? ...................................................................................................................... 57
Actieplan............................................................................................................................................ 57
6. FINANCIEEL MANAGEMENT - INKOMSTENBRONNEN
Financiële verslaggeving........................................................................................................................ 59
Jaarrekening ...................................................................................................................................... 59
Resultatenrekening ....................................................................................................................... 59
2
, De balans ....................................................................................................................................... 59
Inkomsten voor organisaties ................................................................................................................. 60
Externe bronnen................................................................................................................................ 60
Subsidiering ................................................................................................................................... 60
Sponsering ..................................................................................................................................... 61
Interne bronnen ................................................................................................................................ 62
Dienstverlening.............................................................................................................................. 62
Fondsenwerving ............................................................................................................................ 63
7. SOCIALE MARKETING
Is er een markt? ..................................................................................................................................... 67
Concurrentieanalyse.......................................................................................................................... 67
Marktonderzoek ................................................................................................................................ 67
Mogelijke fouten bij marktonderzoek ........................................................................................... 68
Wat doen bij marktonderzoek ...................................................................................................... 68
STP-model.............................................................................................................................................. 69
Segmenteren ..................................................................................................................................... 70
Targeten ............................................................................................................................................ 71
Positioneren ...................................................................................................................................... 73
Wat is er anders aan? ............................................................................................................................ 75
Mogelijke veranderingen – EXAMENVRAAG!!! ..................................................................................... 76
Cognitieve verandering ..................................................................................................................... 76
Actieverandering ............................................................................................................................... 76
Gedragsverandering .......................................................................................................................... 77
Waardeverandering........................................................................................................................... 77
8. ORGANISATIEVERANDERING (DEEL 1, 2 EN 3)
De noodzaak van verandering ............................................................................................................... 78
Integrale organisatieverandering .......................................................................................................... 81
Proces van integrale organisatieverandering.................................................................................... 81
Integrale organisatieverandering samengevat ................................................................................. 83
Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................. 84
Risico’s en valkuilen bij verandering ..................................................................................................... 84
Weerstand ......................................................................................................................................... 85
Voortrekkers en gangmakers ........................................................................................................ 85
Principes van weerstand ............................................................................................................... 86
3