BIOCHEM C785 BIO notes latest 2022

BIOCHEM C785 BIO notes latest 2022 FORM = FUNCTION ATOMS An element is a substance that cannot be broken down 92 elements Water compound of H20 = elements hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) A compound has characteristics different from those of its elements essential elements that an organism needs to live but cannot make on own. An atom is the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element. SUBATOMIC PARTICLE- smaller parts of atom = Protons and neutrons in nucleus while electrons float in outer cloud/ring. Atoms are mostly empty space with tiny nucleus, nucleus’s of two never come close to react, only the electrons react in chemical reaction. Each proton has one unit of positive charge each electron has one unit of negative charge. A neutron is neutral. MASS= DALTON. Neutrons and protons have masses close to 1 dalton. Electron mass is ignored cuz tiny. Energy is defined as the capacity to cause change. Potential energy is the energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure(ball on hill). the more distant an electron is from the nucleus, the greater its potential energy. Inner shell holds 2, next 2 shells hold 8 electrons the chemical behavior of an atom depends mostly on the number of electrons in its outermostshell. We call those outer electrons valence electrons and the outermost electron shell the valence shell. Atoms with the same number of electrons in their valence shells exhibit similar chemical behavior. An atom with a completed valence shell is unreactive; that is, it will not interact readily with other atoms. It is called inert. This is only helium, neon, and argon.