RCP 160 study| 63 questions| with complete solutions

Tidal volume breathing correct answer: Facilitates removal of CO2 and replenishes O2 Alveolar ventilation correct answer: Amount of fresh gas reaching alveoli per minute, determined by tidal volume, dead space and RR Compliance correct answer: Higher lung inflates easily, lower lung inflation is difficult Surfactant correct answer: Prevents alveolar collapse, inhaling toxins decrease effectiveness Restrictive lung diseases correct answer: More pressure needed to meet volume Obstructive lung diseases correct answer: More volume needed to meet pressure Rapid shallow breathing and high minute volume correct answer: Results in bad alveolar ventilation Anatomic dead space correct answer: Gas left in the conducting airways, including the nasopharynx oropharynx and laryngopharynx Alveolar dead space correct answer: Can be caused by PE, Anatomic dead space correct answer: Each inspiration the fas left in the conducting airways that do not participate in gas exchange is anatomic dead space Physiologic dead space correct answer: Combination of anatomic and alveolar dead space Alveolar air equation correct answer: PaO2 = FiO2 x (Pb - PH2O) - (PaCO2 / .8) A-g gradient correct answer: Compares PAO2 to PaO2 (Alveolar O2 with arterial O2) Factors that impact diffusion across the AC membrane correct answer: Capillary membrane, interstitial fluid, alveolar membrane Things that could thicken the AC membrane correct answer: Interstitial disease, pulmonary fibrosis, PNA, atelectasis Factors that impact the A-a gradient correct answer: Diffusion (A-C membrane thickening), cardiac shunting, pulmonary shunt, time Minute ventilation correct answer: Ve = RR x Vt Alveolar minute ventilation correct answer: VA = (Vt - Vd) x RR