2022-2023
CONCEPTEN KLINISCH REDENEREN
SAMENVATTING
BATPK
,CONCEPTEN KLINISCH REDENEREN
Inhoudsopgave
THEMA 1: EMOTIEREGULATIE........................................................................................................................ 4
EMOTIEREGULATIE...................................................................................................................................................4
Hechting als basis van emotieregulatie............................................................................................................5
De ontwikkeling van emotieregulatie...............................................................................................................5
Emotiebewustzijn en emotiebegrip...................................................................................................................6
Emotie reguleren via gedrag.............................................................................................................................8
Emotie reguleren via cognities..........................................................................................................................9
Window Of Tolerance & Stabilisatie.................................................................................................................9
CULTURELE VERSCHILLEN IN EMOTIEREGULATIE............................................................................................................11
THEMA 2: COPING, VEERKRACHT EN PALLIATIEF PALLET...............................................................................13
COPING...............................................................................................................................................................13
Copingvaardigheden aanleren........................................................................................................................16
VEERKRACHT........................................................................................................................................................ 17
Wat is veerkracht?..........................................................................................................................................17
Veerkracht versterken.....................................................................................................................................19
PALLIATIEF PALLET.................................................................................................................................................20
THEMA 3: RELAXATIE EN MINDFULNESS....................................................................................................... 22
RELAXATIE........................................................................................................................................................... 22
Progressieve spierrelaxatie.............................................................................................................................22
Autogene training...........................................................................................................................................23
Ademhalingsoefeningen.................................................................................................................................24
Imaginatie oefeningen....................................................................................................................................25
Meditatie.........................................................................................................................................................26
Andere ontspanningsmogelijkheden..............................................................................................................26
MINDFULNESS...................................................................................................................................................... 26
THEMA 4: ZELFBEELD EN INNERLIJKE CRITICUS.............................................................................................28
ZELFBEELD...........................................................................................................................................................28
Het zelfconcept of zelfbeeld............................................................................................................................28
Gevoel van eigenwaarde.................................................................................................................................30
Werken aan een positiever zelfbeeld..............................................................................................................32
Culturele verschillen........................................................................................................................................34
INNERLIJKE CRITICUS.............................................................................................................................................. 35
Wat is je innerlijke criticus?............................................................................................................................35
Oorzaak en instandhouding............................................................................................................................36
Veranderingsproces........................................................................................................................................38
THEMA 5: FENOMENOLOGISCH-DIALECTISCH PERSOONSMODEL..................................................................41
FE-DI-P MODEL................................................................................................................................................... 41
ONTWIKKELINGSGERICHTE, EXISTENTIEEL-DIALECTISCHE VISIE........................................................................................42
1
, METHODE............................................................................................................................................................43
TOEPASSINGEN FE-DI-P MODEL..............................................................................................................................43
THEMA 6: PIEKEREN..................................................................................................................................... 45
WAT IS PIEKEREN?................................................................................................................................................ 45
WAAROM PIEKEREN WE?........................................................................................................................................47
WAT GEBEURT ER IN DE HERSENEN?.........................................................................................................................48
BEHANDELING VAN PIEKEREN...................................................................................................................................48
THEMA 7: PERSOONLIJKHEID EN SCHEMA’S................................................................................................. 50
PERSOONLIJKHEID: DE BIG 5....................................................................................................................................50
Big Five (Goldberg) & Five Factor Model (NEO-PI-R; Costa & McCrae)..........................................................50
DE BIG 5 IN KLINISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE........................................................................................................................51
POPULAIRE TAXONOMIEËN......................................................................................................................................52
Kernkwaliteiten of kernkwadranten van Daniel Ofman.................................................................................52
PERSOONLIJKHEID VANUIT DE VERSCHILLENDE THERAPEUTISCHE STROMINGEN...................................................................54
Persoonlijkheid vanuit Psycho-analystisch/ psychodynamisch perspectief....................................................54
Persoonlijkheid vanuit Client-centered perspectief........................................................................................55
Persoonlijkheid vanuit Cognitiefgedragstherapeutisch perspectief...............................................................56
Persoonlijkheid vanuit de systeemtheorie......................................................................................................58
SCHEMA’S............................................................................................................................................................58
Wat zijn schema’s...........................................................................................................................................58
Hoe ontstaan schema’s?.................................................................................................................................60
Schamadomeinen en schema’s.......................................................................................................................61
Bestendiging en genezing...............................................................................................................................64
Schema’s genezen...........................................................................................................................................65
ANDERE SPECIFIEKE THERAPIEËN VOOR PERSOONLIJKHEIDSSTOORNISSEN..........................................................................66
DYNAMISCHE INTERPERSOONLIJKE THERAPIE (DIT)......................................................................................66
DIALECTISCHE GEDRAGSTHERAPIE (DGT) - Linehan.......................................................................................66
THEMA 8: KOP EN PROP............................................................................................................................... 68
KOP-MODEL........................................................................................................................................................68
Theoretisch concept........................................................................................................................................68
De balans.........................................................................................................................................................69
KOP in de praktijk: behandelproces in 5 stappen...........................................................................................70
Tips voor het toepassen van het KOP-model..................................................................................................74
PROP-MODEL......................................................................................................................................................74
Fase 1: Inventarisatiefase...............................................................................................................................76
Fase 2: Gedragsverandering...........................................................................................................................77
Fase 3: terugvalpreventie of gedragsverandering in de toekomst.................................................................78
Tips voor het toepassen van het PrOP-model.................................................................................................79
THEMA 9: MENTALISEREN............................................................................................................................ 80
FACETTEN VAN MENTALISEREN.................................................................................................................................80
Expliciet versus impliciet.................................................................................................................................80
Zelf versus anderen.........................................................................................................................................81
Tijdskader en bereik........................................................................................................................................82
Ontwikkeling en tekorten in het mentaliseren...............................................................................................83
OVERLAPPENDE TERMEN.........................................................................................................................................83
MENTALISERENDE MODI.........................................................................................................................................85
2
, MENTALISERENDE HOUDING....................................................................................................................................87
DO’S AND DON’TS.................................................................................................................................................88
THEMA 10: SCHAAL VOOR EMOTIONELE ONTWIKKELING (DOŠEN)...............................................................90
Eerste fase: Adaptiefase.................................................................................................................................90
Tweede fase: eerste socialisatie......................................................................................................................92
Derde fase: Eerste individuatie.......................................................................................................................94
Vierde fase: Identificatiefase..........................................................................................................................96
Fase 5: realiteitsbewustwording.....................................................................................................................98
Integratieve behandeling..............................................................................................................................100
THEMA 11: WERKEN MET DE CONTEXT....................................................................................................... 101
Gregory Bateson: ecology of mind................................................................................................................101
Vergelijking tussen klassiek en systemisch model........................................................................................102
DE CONTEXT IN DE INTAKEFASE..............................................................................................................................103
Visualiseren van de context..........................................................................................................................103
Basisattitudes................................................................................................................................................105
Toepassing: open dialogue...........................................................................................................................107
Toepassing: netwerktafels............................................................................................................................108
Sociale steun.................................................................................................................................................108
THEMA 12: HERSTELGERICHT WERKEN EN ERVARINGSDESKUNDIGHEID.....................................................112
DE HERSTELBEWEGING.........................................................................................................................................112
DE FASEN IN HERSTEL...........................................................................................................................................112
DE VIER ASPECTEN VAN HERSTEL............................................................................................................................113
Herstel omvat verschillende onderdelen.......................................................................................................113
HERSTELFACTOREN..............................................................................................................................................114
The chime framework for personal recovery................................................................................................114
HERSTELONDERSTEUNENDE HULPVERLENING.............................................................................................................115
STIGMATISERING EN DESTIGMATISERING..................................................................................................................117
Stigma – zelfstigma.......................................................................................................................................117
Tegengaan van stigmatisering.....................................................................................................................117
ERVARINGSDESKUNDIGHEID...................................................................................................................................118
Ervaringdeskundige.......................................................................................................................................118
Ervaringskennis – ervaringsdeskundigheid – ervaringswerker.....................................................................118
De kern van ervaringswerk omvat:...............................................................................................................119
THEMA 13: MOTIVATIE.............................................................................................................................. 120
CIRKEL VAN VERANDERING....................................................................................................................................120
Cirkel van Prochaska en Diclemente.............................................................................................................120
ZELFDETERMINANTIETHEORIE (DECI & RYAN)...........................................................................................................121
MOTIVERENDE GESPREKSVOERING (MGV)...............................................................................................................125
De verschillende talen...................................................................................................................................126
De SPIRIT van MGV.......................................................................................................................................127
De 4 kernprocessen in MVG..........................................................................................................................128
3
CONCEPTEN KLINISCH REDENEREN
SAMENVATTING
BATPK
,CONCEPTEN KLINISCH REDENEREN
Inhoudsopgave
THEMA 1: EMOTIEREGULATIE........................................................................................................................ 4
EMOTIEREGULATIE...................................................................................................................................................4
Hechting als basis van emotieregulatie............................................................................................................5
De ontwikkeling van emotieregulatie...............................................................................................................5
Emotiebewustzijn en emotiebegrip...................................................................................................................6
Emotie reguleren via gedrag.............................................................................................................................8
Emotie reguleren via cognities..........................................................................................................................9
Window Of Tolerance & Stabilisatie.................................................................................................................9
CULTURELE VERSCHILLEN IN EMOTIEREGULATIE............................................................................................................11
THEMA 2: COPING, VEERKRACHT EN PALLIATIEF PALLET...............................................................................13
COPING...............................................................................................................................................................13
Copingvaardigheden aanleren........................................................................................................................16
VEERKRACHT........................................................................................................................................................ 17
Wat is veerkracht?..........................................................................................................................................17
Veerkracht versterken.....................................................................................................................................19
PALLIATIEF PALLET.................................................................................................................................................20
THEMA 3: RELAXATIE EN MINDFULNESS....................................................................................................... 22
RELAXATIE........................................................................................................................................................... 22
Progressieve spierrelaxatie.............................................................................................................................22
Autogene training...........................................................................................................................................23
Ademhalingsoefeningen.................................................................................................................................24
Imaginatie oefeningen....................................................................................................................................25
Meditatie.........................................................................................................................................................26
Andere ontspanningsmogelijkheden..............................................................................................................26
MINDFULNESS...................................................................................................................................................... 26
THEMA 4: ZELFBEELD EN INNERLIJKE CRITICUS.............................................................................................28
ZELFBEELD...........................................................................................................................................................28
Het zelfconcept of zelfbeeld............................................................................................................................28
Gevoel van eigenwaarde.................................................................................................................................30
Werken aan een positiever zelfbeeld..............................................................................................................32
Culturele verschillen........................................................................................................................................34
INNERLIJKE CRITICUS.............................................................................................................................................. 35
Wat is je innerlijke criticus?............................................................................................................................35
Oorzaak en instandhouding............................................................................................................................36
Veranderingsproces........................................................................................................................................38
THEMA 5: FENOMENOLOGISCH-DIALECTISCH PERSOONSMODEL..................................................................41
FE-DI-P MODEL................................................................................................................................................... 41
ONTWIKKELINGSGERICHTE, EXISTENTIEEL-DIALECTISCHE VISIE........................................................................................42
1
, METHODE............................................................................................................................................................43
TOEPASSINGEN FE-DI-P MODEL..............................................................................................................................43
THEMA 6: PIEKEREN..................................................................................................................................... 45
WAT IS PIEKEREN?................................................................................................................................................ 45
WAAROM PIEKEREN WE?........................................................................................................................................47
WAT GEBEURT ER IN DE HERSENEN?.........................................................................................................................48
BEHANDELING VAN PIEKEREN...................................................................................................................................48
THEMA 7: PERSOONLIJKHEID EN SCHEMA’S................................................................................................. 50
PERSOONLIJKHEID: DE BIG 5....................................................................................................................................50
Big Five (Goldberg) & Five Factor Model (NEO-PI-R; Costa & McCrae)..........................................................50
DE BIG 5 IN KLINISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE........................................................................................................................51
POPULAIRE TAXONOMIEËN......................................................................................................................................52
Kernkwaliteiten of kernkwadranten van Daniel Ofman.................................................................................52
PERSOONLIJKHEID VANUIT DE VERSCHILLENDE THERAPEUTISCHE STROMINGEN...................................................................54
Persoonlijkheid vanuit Psycho-analystisch/ psychodynamisch perspectief....................................................54
Persoonlijkheid vanuit Client-centered perspectief........................................................................................55
Persoonlijkheid vanuit Cognitiefgedragstherapeutisch perspectief...............................................................56
Persoonlijkheid vanuit de systeemtheorie......................................................................................................58
SCHEMA’S............................................................................................................................................................58
Wat zijn schema’s...........................................................................................................................................58
Hoe ontstaan schema’s?.................................................................................................................................60
Schamadomeinen en schema’s.......................................................................................................................61
Bestendiging en genezing...............................................................................................................................64
Schema’s genezen...........................................................................................................................................65
ANDERE SPECIFIEKE THERAPIEËN VOOR PERSOONLIJKHEIDSSTOORNISSEN..........................................................................66
DYNAMISCHE INTERPERSOONLIJKE THERAPIE (DIT)......................................................................................66
DIALECTISCHE GEDRAGSTHERAPIE (DGT) - Linehan.......................................................................................66
THEMA 8: KOP EN PROP............................................................................................................................... 68
KOP-MODEL........................................................................................................................................................68
Theoretisch concept........................................................................................................................................68
De balans.........................................................................................................................................................69
KOP in de praktijk: behandelproces in 5 stappen...........................................................................................70
Tips voor het toepassen van het KOP-model..................................................................................................74
PROP-MODEL......................................................................................................................................................74
Fase 1: Inventarisatiefase...............................................................................................................................76
Fase 2: Gedragsverandering...........................................................................................................................77
Fase 3: terugvalpreventie of gedragsverandering in de toekomst.................................................................78
Tips voor het toepassen van het PrOP-model.................................................................................................79
THEMA 9: MENTALISEREN............................................................................................................................ 80
FACETTEN VAN MENTALISEREN.................................................................................................................................80
Expliciet versus impliciet.................................................................................................................................80
Zelf versus anderen.........................................................................................................................................81
Tijdskader en bereik........................................................................................................................................82
Ontwikkeling en tekorten in het mentaliseren...............................................................................................83
OVERLAPPENDE TERMEN.........................................................................................................................................83
MENTALISERENDE MODI.........................................................................................................................................85
2
, MENTALISERENDE HOUDING....................................................................................................................................87
DO’S AND DON’TS.................................................................................................................................................88
THEMA 10: SCHAAL VOOR EMOTIONELE ONTWIKKELING (DOŠEN)...............................................................90
Eerste fase: Adaptiefase.................................................................................................................................90
Tweede fase: eerste socialisatie......................................................................................................................92
Derde fase: Eerste individuatie.......................................................................................................................94
Vierde fase: Identificatiefase..........................................................................................................................96
Fase 5: realiteitsbewustwording.....................................................................................................................98
Integratieve behandeling..............................................................................................................................100
THEMA 11: WERKEN MET DE CONTEXT....................................................................................................... 101
Gregory Bateson: ecology of mind................................................................................................................101
Vergelijking tussen klassiek en systemisch model........................................................................................102
DE CONTEXT IN DE INTAKEFASE..............................................................................................................................103
Visualiseren van de context..........................................................................................................................103
Basisattitudes................................................................................................................................................105
Toepassing: open dialogue...........................................................................................................................107
Toepassing: netwerktafels............................................................................................................................108
Sociale steun.................................................................................................................................................108
THEMA 12: HERSTELGERICHT WERKEN EN ERVARINGSDESKUNDIGHEID.....................................................112
DE HERSTELBEWEGING.........................................................................................................................................112
DE FASEN IN HERSTEL...........................................................................................................................................112
DE VIER ASPECTEN VAN HERSTEL............................................................................................................................113
Herstel omvat verschillende onderdelen.......................................................................................................113
HERSTELFACTOREN..............................................................................................................................................114
The chime framework for personal recovery................................................................................................114
HERSTELONDERSTEUNENDE HULPVERLENING.............................................................................................................115
STIGMATISERING EN DESTIGMATISERING..................................................................................................................117
Stigma – zelfstigma.......................................................................................................................................117
Tegengaan van stigmatisering.....................................................................................................................117
ERVARINGSDESKUNDIGHEID...................................................................................................................................118
Ervaringdeskundige.......................................................................................................................................118
Ervaringskennis – ervaringsdeskundigheid – ervaringswerker.....................................................................118
De kern van ervaringswerk omvat:...............................................................................................................119
THEMA 13: MOTIVATIE.............................................................................................................................. 120
CIRKEL VAN VERANDERING....................................................................................................................................120
Cirkel van Prochaska en Diclemente.............................................................................................................120
ZELFDETERMINANTIETHEORIE (DECI & RYAN)...........................................................................................................121
MOTIVERENDE GESPREKSVOERING (MGV)...............................................................................................................125
De verschillende talen...................................................................................................................................126
De SPIRIT van MGV.......................................................................................................................................127
De 4 kernprocessen in MVG..........................................................................................................................128
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