Study Guide HESI V5
Note: The blue highlighted questions came out also on my V2 exam.
1.) Something about a breast cancer patient refusing drugs:
ANS: Go find out why she is refusing
2.) How would you relieve MASTITIS and what is it caused from?
Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast, caused by blocked milk ducts/ there is
NON-Infective or BACTERIAL infective/
Treatment for mastitis should begin immediately. Your doctor may not immediately be able to
distinguish between simple inflammation and a bacterial infection, but will usually treat you as
if it is infected.
Options include:
Continued breastfeeding and/or expressing to drain the breast
Antibiotics (for example, flucloxacillin or cephalexin)
Anti-inflammatory medication (such as ibuprofen) or analgesia (such as paracetamol) to
relieve pain, if necessary
Rest and adequate fluid intake
Heat to breasts (such as hot showers) before a feed and cold after
Varying the feeding position to increase breast drainage
3.) SEPSIS- Related to endotoxins release by bacteria, which cause vascular pooling,
diminished venous return, and reduced cardiac output
Medical Treatment for SHOCK
A. Correct decreased tissue perfusion and restore cardiac output
A.1. OXYGENATION & VENTILATION
A.2. FLUID RESUSITATION : Rapid infusion of volume-expanding
fluids(colloids), whole blood plasma, iso’s such as Ringers Lactate
A.3. DRUG THERAPY: Restoration of cardiac function is priority, drugs
will be based on effect of shock on preload, afterload, or contractility
A.3.a. Drugs that increase preload (blood products, crystalloids)/
decrease preload (morphine, nitrates, diuretics)
A.3.b. Drugs that increase afterload ( vasopressors, dopamine)/
decrease afterload ( nitroprusside, ACE-I, ARB)
A.3.c. Drugs that decrease contractility (beta blockers, calcium
channel blockers)/ increase contractility (digoxin [Lanoxin],
dobutamine)
A.4. MONITOR: CVP, LOC, ABG’s, VITALS, Skin changes, Fluid status
, 4.) There will be a question relating to anti-infective meds, and your ANS: is anti-
effective meds Anti-effectives
Anti-infective are drugs that can either kill an infectious agent or inhibit it from spreading. Anti-
infective include antibiotics and antibacterial, antifungals, antivirals and antiproatozoans
5.) Question will state something about the kids want the nurse to force their mom
whom is refusing her meds to take them, so the nurse should go in the room and…
ANS: is D you will go and in to find out why she don’t want meds and treatment
6) A Girl patient eats a handful of pills…
ANS: find out what pills she took
7) A nurse arrives on the scene of an accident and there is a person face down in water
but her phone is however many feet away what the nurse would do first
ANS: Immobilize neck ASSESS for LOC, check or reassess Airway
8) Question about restraints and where and how you would tie them
ANS: bed frame with a quick release knot
9) PAGE 270 HESI: HYDATIDIFORM MOLE- a chorionic villi degenerate into a bunch of
clear vesicles in grapelike clusters, this is developmental anomaly and predisposes client to
choriocarcinoma
Nursing Assessment
*Vaginal bleeding in first trimester
*Uterus larger than expected for gestational age
*Anemia/ excessive N/V, Abdominal cramping, early s/s of preeclampsia
Nursing plans and Interventions
Provide preoperative and postoperative D&C care.
*****Instruct patient to prevent pregnancy for 1 year in the (HESI) book, on hesi exam
the answer will be 6 months for some reason
Instruct patient to obtain monthly serum hCG levels for 1 year
10) Mouth care for dentures: ANS: Put towel in sink and place dentures on towel then
clean
11) You suspect that a Patient is being abused what would you do?
ANS: go check it out, as in doing a home visit
12) Question about a patient presenting with decreased BP
ANS: Give IV fluids
13) Question relating to stoma care, you will assess and note that the stoma is dusty, this
means that there is necrotic tissue; what do you do?
ANS: Call surgeon
14) Question about a baby on digoxin and the mother just administered it and then the
baby vomits and it will ask what you do about next dose
ANS: Hold Digoxin
15) Drag and Drop Question: Patient has adverse reaction to meds: This is the order
, ANS: 1) STOP IV
2) GET VITALS
3) CALL MD
4) DOCUMENT
5) INITIATE ADVERSE MED
16) Drag and Drop in order question:
1. Place catheter set in between patient
2. Apply sterile gloves, and maintain sterile field
3. Cleanse the Meatus, using that Benodine stuff
4. Lube the catheter tip and then insert
Foley Catheter, or any catheter for that matter KNOW SKILLS Gather supplies, explain
procedure, maintain a sterile field at all times sterile gloves, prepare your iodine, lube, and
syringe for balloon, then move everything in between patients legs, only contaminate one hand
and use the other to perform procedure. Watch YOU TUBE if you need a recap
17) Picture Questions: Patient lying in bed only shows lower half from where Jackson-
Pratt Drain/tube is at and the bulb syringe is full your
ANS: you’re going to drain it
The Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain is a special tube that prevents body fluid from collecting
near the site of your surgery. The drain pulls this fluid (by suction) into a bulb. The bulb can then
be emptied and the fluid inside measured. At first, this fluid is bloody. Then, as your wound
heals, the fluid changes to light pink, light yellow, or clear. The drain will stay in place until less
than 30 cc (about 2 tablespoons) of fluid can be collected in a 24-hour period. Caring for the JP
drain is easy. Depending on how much fluid drains from your surgical site, you will need to
empty the bulb every 8 to 12 hours. The bulb should be emptied when it is half full.
18) Picture question/ HOT SPOT- Picture of where to place patches for defibrillation/ got
to YOU TUBE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3trpw_We0UQ or just type in how to use a
AED DEFIB the ANS: they are looking for is where one of the 2 patches go on right side of
patient, ours showed where the right one was, we had to place hotspot where the left one goes.
The left one is placed right under breast, watch the video if you don’t understand.
19) Question about a patient has a PCA pump and wants off the pump, you need to read
this question carefully, and we believe the ANS: is D relating to food and diet
20) There will be a picture of a central line and the question is going to ask you what you
would infuse into a central line… ANS: believe the answer is A but just in case here is a recap on
central lines: A central line is indicated for patients who need: parenteral nutrition,
chemotherapy or other vesicant or irritating solutions, blood products, antibiotics, IV
medications or solutions (when peripheral access is limited), central venous pressure (CVP)
monitoring
21) Picture/ video of a mom giving her child insulin she wipes the area, then injects into
the deltoid muscle then squeezes ANS: she used the wrong site for injection redirect her to right
site.
22) Vasopressors Therapeutic response: is to have increased BP, cardiac output
Note: The blue highlighted questions came out also on my V2 exam.
1.) Something about a breast cancer patient refusing drugs:
ANS: Go find out why she is refusing
2.) How would you relieve MASTITIS and what is it caused from?
Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast, caused by blocked milk ducts/ there is
NON-Infective or BACTERIAL infective/
Treatment for mastitis should begin immediately. Your doctor may not immediately be able to
distinguish between simple inflammation and a bacterial infection, but will usually treat you as
if it is infected.
Options include:
Continued breastfeeding and/or expressing to drain the breast
Antibiotics (for example, flucloxacillin or cephalexin)
Anti-inflammatory medication (such as ibuprofen) or analgesia (such as paracetamol) to
relieve pain, if necessary
Rest and adequate fluid intake
Heat to breasts (such as hot showers) before a feed and cold after
Varying the feeding position to increase breast drainage
3.) SEPSIS- Related to endotoxins release by bacteria, which cause vascular pooling,
diminished venous return, and reduced cardiac output
Medical Treatment for SHOCK
A. Correct decreased tissue perfusion and restore cardiac output
A.1. OXYGENATION & VENTILATION
A.2. FLUID RESUSITATION : Rapid infusion of volume-expanding
fluids(colloids), whole blood plasma, iso’s such as Ringers Lactate
A.3. DRUG THERAPY: Restoration of cardiac function is priority, drugs
will be based on effect of shock on preload, afterload, or contractility
A.3.a. Drugs that increase preload (blood products, crystalloids)/
decrease preload (morphine, nitrates, diuretics)
A.3.b. Drugs that increase afterload ( vasopressors, dopamine)/
decrease afterload ( nitroprusside, ACE-I, ARB)
A.3.c. Drugs that decrease contractility (beta blockers, calcium
channel blockers)/ increase contractility (digoxin [Lanoxin],
dobutamine)
A.4. MONITOR: CVP, LOC, ABG’s, VITALS, Skin changes, Fluid status
, 4.) There will be a question relating to anti-infective meds, and your ANS: is anti-
effective meds Anti-effectives
Anti-infective are drugs that can either kill an infectious agent or inhibit it from spreading. Anti-
infective include antibiotics and antibacterial, antifungals, antivirals and antiproatozoans
5.) Question will state something about the kids want the nurse to force their mom
whom is refusing her meds to take them, so the nurse should go in the room and…
ANS: is D you will go and in to find out why she don’t want meds and treatment
6) A Girl patient eats a handful of pills…
ANS: find out what pills she took
7) A nurse arrives on the scene of an accident and there is a person face down in water
but her phone is however many feet away what the nurse would do first
ANS: Immobilize neck ASSESS for LOC, check or reassess Airway
8) Question about restraints and where and how you would tie them
ANS: bed frame with a quick release knot
9) PAGE 270 HESI: HYDATIDIFORM MOLE- a chorionic villi degenerate into a bunch of
clear vesicles in grapelike clusters, this is developmental anomaly and predisposes client to
choriocarcinoma
Nursing Assessment
*Vaginal bleeding in first trimester
*Uterus larger than expected for gestational age
*Anemia/ excessive N/V, Abdominal cramping, early s/s of preeclampsia
Nursing plans and Interventions
Provide preoperative and postoperative D&C care.
*****Instruct patient to prevent pregnancy for 1 year in the (HESI) book, on hesi exam
the answer will be 6 months for some reason
Instruct patient to obtain monthly serum hCG levels for 1 year
10) Mouth care for dentures: ANS: Put towel in sink and place dentures on towel then
clean
11) You suspect that a Patient is being abused what would you do?
ANS: go check it out, as in doing a home visit
12) Question about a patient presenting with decreased BP
ANS: Give IV fluids
13) Question relating to stoma care, you will assess and note that the stoma is dusty, this
means that there is necrotic tissue; what do you do?
ANS: Call surgeon
14) Question about a baby on digoxin and the mother just administered it and then the
baby vomits and it will ask what you do about next dose
ANS: Hold Digoxin
15) Drag and Drop Question: Patient has adverse reaction to meds: This is the order
, ANS: 1) STOP IV
2) GET VITALS
3) CALL MD
4) DOCUMENT
5) INITIATE ADVERSE MED
16) Drag and Drop in order question:
1. Place catheter set in between patient
2. Apply sterile gloves, and maintain sterile field
3. Cleanse the Meatus, using that Benodine stuff
4. Lube the catheter tip and then insert
Foley Catheter, or any catheter for that matter KNOW SKILLS Gather supplies, explain
procedure, maintain a sterile field at all times sterile gloves, prepare your iodine, lube, and
syringe for balloon, then move everything in between patients legs, only contaminate one hand
and use the other to perform procedure. Watch YOU TUBE if you need a recap
17) Picture Questions: Patient lying in bed only shows lower half from where Jackson-
Pratt Drain/tube is at and the bulb syringe is full your
ANS: you’re going to drain it
The Jackson-Pratt (JP) drain is a special tube that prevents body fluid from collecting
near the site of your surgery. The drain pulls this fluid (by suction) into a bulb. The bulb can then
be emptied and the fluid inside measured. At first, this fluid is bloody. Then, as your wound
heals, the fluid changes to light pink, light yellow, or clear. The drain will stay in place until less
than 30 cc (about 2 tablespoons) of fluid can be collected in a 24-hour period. Caring for the JP
drain is easy. Depending on how much fluid drains from your surgical site, you will need to
empty the bulb every 8 to 12 hours. The bulb should be emptied when it is half full.
18) Picture question/ HOT SPOT- Picture of where to place patches for defibrillation/ got
to YOU TUBE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3trpw_We0UQ or just type in how to use a
AED DEFIB the ANS: they are looking for is where one of the 2 patches go on right side of
patient, ours showed where the right one was, we had to place hotspot where the left one goes.
The left one is placed right under breast, watch the video if you don’t understand.
19) Question about a patient has a PCA pump and wants off the pump, you need to read
this question carefully, and we believe the ANS: is D relating to food and diet
20) There will be a picture of a central line and the question is going to ask you what you
would infuse into a central line… ANS: believe the answer is A but just in case here is a recap on
central lines: A central line is indicated for patients who need: parenteral nutrition,
chemotherapy or other vesicant or irritating solutions, blood products, antibiotics, IV
medications or solutions (when peripheral access is limited), central venous pressure (CVP)
monitoring
21) Picture/ video of a mom giving her child insulin she wipes the area, then injects into
the deltoid muscle then squeezes ANS: she used the wrong site for injection redirect her to right
site.
22) Vasopressors Therapeutic response: is to have increased BP, cardiac output
