CGFM Study Guide III Section IV
Latest Updated
1. What is a primary driver for performance management in government?
A) Reducing staff
B) Measuring performance to improve service delivery
C) Increasing taxes
D) Privatizing services
Answer: B
Measuring performance allows governments to evaluate how effectively services are delivered. It
drives accountability, efficiency, and informed decision-making, making performance
management a cornerstone of public sector improvement.
2. Which of the following is NOT a basic use of performance management?
A) Demonstrating accountability
B) Driving performance improvement
C) Informing the budget process
D) Increasing political influence
Answer: D
Performance management focuses on improving government operations, guiding budget
allocation, and ensuring accountability. Increasing political influence is outside the scope of
performance management objectives.
3. Taxpayers and government management are concerned with which four aspects of government
performance?
A) Efficiency, Economy, Effectiveness, Equity
B) Cost, Speed, Popularity, Equity
C) Efficiency, Economy, Profit, Popularity
D) Effectiveness, Equity, Popularity, Speed
Answer: A
Economy, efficiency, effectiveness, and equity are the core dimensions that indicate whether
resources are used wisely, services meet goals, and all citizens are treated fairly.
4. Managing for Results (performance management) requires which of the following?
A) Political lobbying, funding, audits
B) Mission articulation, budget allocation, measuring objectives
C) Tax collection, spending reports, workforce reduction
D) Public relations, press releases, surveys
Answer: B
Performance management begins with a clear mission, allocates resources to meet objectives,
and measures whether goals are achieved, forming a results-oriented management system.
,5. Basic performance measures can be classified into three categories. Which is one of them?
A) Process efficiency
B) Service Efforts
C) Cost-benefit ratios
D) Citizen satisfaction
Answer: B
Service efforts capture the resources devoted to a program or service. They are one of three
categories along with service accomplishments and measures that relate accomplishments to
efforts.
6. Which measure reflects resources required to provide a program or service?
A) Service Accomplishments
B) Efficiency Measures
C) Service Efforts
D) Outcome Measures
Answer: C
Service efforts track the inputs used, such as staff, funding, and materials. These measures show
what is spent or applied to deliver services, either financially or nonfinancially.
7. What are Service Accomplishments as a performance measure?
A) Resources spent on a program
B) Results of service efforts including outputs and outcomes
C) Financial cost-efficiency only
D) Process efficiency
Answer: B
Service accomplishments include outputs (quantities of services/goods provided) and outcomes
(impact or effect of those outputs). They indicate the results achieved through the applied
resources.
8. Which type of measure relates accomplishments to service efforts?
A) Input measures
B) Surrogate outcome measures
C) Efficiency and cost-effectiveness measures
D) Workload measures
Answer: C
Efficiency compares outputs to resources applied, while cost-effectiveness compares outcomes
to resources. Both link results to inputs, providing insight into performance value.
9. Financial efforts as a performance measure typically are expressed in:
A) Dollars spent per capita or per service
B) Number of employees only
C) Number of cases processed
D) Service satisfaction surveys
Answer: A
Financial efforts quantify the monetary resources devoted to programs or services, allowing
comparisons of costs across units or time periods.
, 10. Nonfinancial efforts include:
A) Operating costs per capita
B) Number of teachers, books, or equipment
C) Efficiency ratios
D) Percentage of outcomes achieved
Answer: B
Nonfinancial efforts measure the physical resources needed to deliver services. These inputs are
critical to planning but do not directly measure financial expenditures.
11. Which measures are best suited for managing a program’s day-to-day activities?
A) Outcome Measures
B) Output Measures
C) Efficiency Measures
D) Cost-Effectiveness Measures
Answer: B
Output measures quantify the services or goods delivered, making them ideal for monitoring
operational activities and ensuring resources are applied appropriately.
12. Outcome measures focus on:
A) The number of activities performed
B) The results of outputs and impact on goals
C) Dollar cost per unit of service
D) Workload assignments
Answer: B
Outcome measures assess the effect of services on the community or program goals, making
them the most critical type of performance measure.
13. Surrogate outcome measures are used when:
A) The desired outcome is easily measured
B) The desired outcome is difficult to measure or far in the future
C) The program is over budget
D) Outputs are unavailable
Answer: B
Surrogate outcomes provide a proxy for the actual desired results, allowing timely assessment of
progress when ultimate outcomes cannot be measured directly.
14. Which of the following is an example of an efficiency measure?
A) Percent of students continuing to higher education
B) Cost per lane-mile of road resurfaced
C) Number of students enrolled
D) Number of inspections completed
Answer: B
Efficiency measures assess resources applied relative to outputs. Cost per lane-mile resurfaced
indicates how effectively resources are used to achieve a service output.
Latest Updated
1. What is a primary driver for performance management in government?
A) Reducing staff
B) Measuring performance to improve service delivery
C) Increasing taxes
D) Privatizing services
Answer: B
Measuring performance allows governments to evaluate how effectively services are delivered. It
drives accountability, efficiency, and informed decision-making, making performance
management a cornerstone of public sector improvement.
2. Which of the following is NOT a basic use of performance management?
A) Demonstrating accountability
B) Driving performance improvement
C) Informing the budget process
D) Increasing political influence
Answer: D
Performance management focuses on improving government operations, guiding budget
allocation, and ensuring accountability. Increasing political influence is outside the scope of
performance management objectives.
3. Taxpayers and government management are concerned with which four aspects of government
performance?
A) Efficiency, Economy, Effectiveness, Equity
B) Cost, Speed, Popularity, Equity
C) Efficiency, Economy, Profit, Popularity
D) Effectiveness, Equity, Popularity, Speed
Answer: A
Economy, efficiency, effectiveness, and equity are the core dimensions that indicate whether
resources are used wisely, services meet goals, and all citizens are treated fairly.
4. Managing for Results (performance management) requires which of the following?
A) Political lobbying, funding, audits
B) Mission articulation, budget allocation, measuring objectives
C) Tax collection, spending reports, workforce reduction
D) Public relations, press releases, surveys
Answer: B
Performance management begins with a clear mission, allocates resources to meet objectives,
and measures whether goals are achieved, forming a results-oriented management system.
,5. Basic performance measures can be classified into three categories. Which is one of them?
A) Process efficiency
B) Service Efforts
C) Cost-benefit ratios
D) Citizen satisfaction
Answer: B
Service efforts capture the resources devoted to a program or service. They are one of three
categories along with service accomplishments and measures that relate accomplishments to
efforts.
6. Which measure reflects resources required to provide a program or service?
A) Service Accomplishments
B) Efficiency Measures
C) Service Efforts
D) Outcome Measures
Answer: C
Service efforts track the inputs used, such as staff, funding, and materials. These measures show
what is spent or applied to deliver services, either financially or nonfinancially.
7. What are Service Accomplishments as a performance measure?
A) Resources spent on a program
B) Results of service efforts including outputs and outcomes
C) Financial cost-efficiency only
D) Process efficiency
Answer: B
Service accomplishments include outputs (quantities of services/goods provided) and outcomes
(impact or effect of those outputs). They indicate the results achieved through the applied
resources.
8. Which type of measure relates accomplishments to service efforts?
A) Input measures
B) Surrogate outcome measures
C) Efficiency and cost-effectiveness measures
D) Workload measures
Answer: C
Efficiency compares outputs to resources applied, while cost-effectiveness compares outcomes
to resources. Both link results to inputs, providing insight into performance value.
9. Financial efforts as a performance measure typically are expressed in:
A) Dollars spent per capita or per service
B) Number of employees only
C) Number of cases processed
D) Service satisfaction surveys
Answer: A
Financial efforts quantify the monetary resources devoted to programs or services, allowing
comparisons of costs across units or time periods.
, 10. Nonfinancial efforts include:
A) Operating costs per capita
B) Number of teachers, books, or equipment
C) Efficiency ratios
D) Percentage of outcomes achieved
Answer: B
Nonfinancial efforts measure the physical resources needed to deliver services. These inputs are
critical to planning but do not directly measure financial expenditures.
11. Which measures are best suited for managing a program’s day-to-day activities?
A) Outcome Measures
B) Output Measures
C) Efficiency Measures
D) Cost-Effectiveness Measures
Answer: B
Output measures quantify the services or goods delivered, making them ideal for monitoring
operational activities and ensuring resources are applied appropriately.
12. Outcome measures focus on:
A) The number of activities performed
B) The results of outputs and impact on goals
C) Dollar cost per unit of service
D) Workload assignments
Answer: B
Outcome measures assess the effect of services on the community or program goals, making
them the most critical type of performance measure.
13. Surrogate outcome measures are used when:
A) The desired outcome is easily measured
B) The desired outcome is difficult to measure or far in the future
C) The program is over budget
D) Outputs are unavailable
Answer: B
Surrogate outcomes provide a proxy for the actual desired results, allowing timely assessment of
progress when ultimate outcomes cannot be measured directly.
14. Which of the following is an example of an efficiency measure?
A) Percent of students continuing to higher education
B) Cost per lane-mile of road resurfaced
C) Number of students enrolled
D) Number of inspections completed
Answer: B
Efficiency measures assess resources applied relative to outputs. Cost per lane-mile resurfaced
indicates how effectively resources are used to achieve a service output.
