HESI A2 Anatomy & Physiology EXAM PRACTICE
QUESTIONS PLUS RATIONALES 2026 |INSTANT
DOWNOAD PDF
1. Which of the following is the basic structural and functional
unit of the human body?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. System
Rationale: The cell is the smallest unit of life that can perform
all life processes.
2. Which organ system is primarily responsible for
transporting nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout
the body?
A. Digestive system
B. Nervous system
C. Circulatory system
D. Respiratory system
Rationale: The circulatory system, including the heart, blood,
and blood vessels, transports substances throughout the body.
3. What type of joint is the shoulder joint classified as?
A. Hinge joint
B. Ball-and-socket joint
C. Pivot joint
D. Saddle joint
,Rationale: The shoulder joint allows movement in multiple
planes, characteristic of a ball-and-socket joint.
4. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other
neurons?
A. Axon
B. Node of Ranvier
C. Dendrite
D. Synaptic terminal
Rationale: Dendrites are extensions of the neuron that receive
electrical messages from other neurons.
5. The primary function of hemoglobin is to:
A. Digest fats
B. Transport oxygen
C. Produce hormones
D. Fight infection
Rationale: Hemoglobin binds oxygen in red blood cells and
carries it to tissues.
6. Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and found in the
walls of hollow organs?
A. Skeletal
B. Cardiac
C. Smooth
D. Striated
Rationale: Smooth muscle is involuntary and found in organs
such as the intestines and blood vessels.
, 7. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal
system?
A. Support
B. Hormone production
C. Protection
D. Mineral storage
Rationale: Hormone production is primarily a function of the
endocrine system, not the skeletal system.
8. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and producing
urine?
A. Liver
B. Kidney
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
Rationale: The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce
urine.
9. What is the name of the structure that connects muscles to
bones?
A. Ligament
B. Cartilage
C. Tendon
D. Fascia
Rationale: Tendons attach muscle to bone, allowing movement.
10. Which body system is responsible for producing hormones
that regulate metabolism, growth, and reproduction?
A. Nervous system
QUESTIONS PLUS RATIONALES 2026 |INSTANT
DOWNOAD PDF
1. Which of the following is the basic structural and functional
unit of the human body?
A. Tissue
B. Organ
C. Cell
D. System
Rationale: The cell is the smallest unit of life that can perform
all life processes.
2. Which organ system is primarily responsible for
transporting nutrients, gases, and waste products throughout
the body?
A. Digestive system
B. Nervous system
C. Circulatory system
D. Respiratory system
Rationale: The circulatory system, including the heart, blood,
and blood vessels, transports substances throughout the body.
3. What type of joint is the shoulder joint classified as?
A. Hinge joint
B. Ball-and-socket joint
C. Pivot joint
D. Saddle joint
,Rationale: The shoulder joint allows movement in multiple
planes, characteristic of a ball-and-socket joint.
4. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other
neurons?
A. Axon
B. Node of Ranvier
C. Dendrite
D. Synaptic terminal
Rationale: Dendrites are extensions of the neuron that receive
electrical messages from other neurons.
5. The primary function of hemoglobin is to:
A. Digest fats
B. Transport oxygen
C. Produce hormones
D. Fight infection
Rationale: Hemoglobin binds oxygen in red blood cells and
carries it to tissues.
6. Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and found in the
walls of hollow organs?
A. Skeletal
B. Cardiac
C. Smooth
D. Striated
Rationale: Smooth muscle is involuntary and found in organs
such as the intestines and blood vessels.
, 7. Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal
system?
A. Support
B. Hormone production
C. Protection
D. Mineral storage
Rationale: Hormone production is primarily a function of the
endocrine system, not the skeletal system.
8. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and producing
urine?
A. Liver
B. Kidney
C. Pancreas
D. Spleen
Rationale: The kidneys filter waste from the blood to produce
urine.
9. What is the name of the structure that connects muscles to
bones?
A. Ligament
B. Cartilage
C. Tendon
D. Fascia
Rationale: Tendons attach muscle to bone, allowing movement.
10. Which body system is responsible for producing hormones
that regulate metabolism, growth, and reproduction?
A. Nervous system
