PMT 106 Entomology Units 3 and 4 Exam Questions with Correct Answers

*Ants Key Features*: General Description Correct Answer Head: *Elbowed antennae* with the last few segments forming a "club"; well-developed mandibles Thorax: Reproductive forms have *two pair of unequal sized wings* (front wings are larger) Abdomen: *Constricted, distinct "waist"* called a pedicel (nodes) Complete metamorphosis (Ants) Correct Answer Ants undergo ___ metamorphosis. Castes (caste system) Correct Answer Ants are social insects, with a social structure built on specialized ___. Male ants Correct Answer May or may not have wings. Presence of wings is dependent upon the species and the developmental level of the colony. ___ ants are only present in a colony for mating. Once mated, the ___ dies. Queen ants Correct Answer Wings are usually present and are lost after mating. The primary function of ___ ants are mating and reproduction. Some species will have multiple ___ ants in one ant colony (polygyny). Worker ants Correct Answer Sterile, female ants without reproductive organs; usually wingless; may have different body forms. The primary function of ___ ants are to construct and repair the nest and feed immature and adult ants within the colony. Soldier ants Correct Answer Sterile female without reproductive organs; usually wingless; responsible for tending and defending the colony. Methods of colony establishment: (3) Correct Answer 1. Swarming 2. Budding 3. Temporary parasitism Swarming Correct Answer Winged males as well as winged queens are produced. They leave colony and mate (or have mated within colony). Budding Correct Answer Workers leave nest with larvae and pupae (queens may leave too). Temporary parasitism Correct Answer Queen seeks adoption by colony of another species. Thief ants Correct Answer Yellow or light brown; antennal club with two segments. Invade other ant nests. Enter structures, especially during hot weather. Will contaminate food; prefer greasy materials (high in fats and protein). Pharaoh ants Correct Answer Yellow to light brown to reddish; antennal club with three segments. Nest in warm, often inaccessible areas (e.g., within pipes, insulation, walls of cardboard boxes, etc.) Can contaminate surgical dressings. Prefer to feed on sweets, meats, greases and oils. Common household pests; they feed on starchy materials and can often be found in old books, packing materials, and other areas with easy access to those materials. Represent two closely related species in the insect *Order Thysanura* Correct Answer Silverfish Firebrats Features of Silverfish and Firebrats Correct Answer *1. No metamorphosis (Ametabolous)* 2. Eggs laid singly in groups of 2 or 3 3. Mature in 3 months to 3 years 4. May molt 50 times or more Warm, humid environments Eastern U.S. Correct Answer *Silverfish* have a silver-colored sheen to their bodies. They tend to be found in ___, ___ environments and are most common in the ___ ___. Hot, dry environments Southwest U.S. Correct Answer *Firebrats* are grayish in color and will typically have darker areas on their bodies. They tend to be found in ___, ___ environments and are most common in the ___ ___. Earwigs Correct Answer Commonly found outdoors and occasionally may be found indoors; however, they are not considered important as household pests. Gradual metamorphosis (Earwigs) Correct Answer Earwigs undergo ___ metamorphosis. Control of Ants: *General Considerations* Correct Answer *1. Perform surveillance to characterize the infestation and help plan control.* 2. Identify ant by means of survey; bait suspected areas of infestation and attempt to follow ants to nest. 3. Killing exposed workers will offer only temporary relief. Control of Ants: *Cultural Control* Correct Answer *1. Good sanitation is best approach in ant control.* 2. Store food in tight containers. 3. Remove debris, ant infested vegetation, dead limbs, old stumps, etc. from yard.