NUR 290 Final Exam Questions and
Answers Verified Updated Set with
Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
PRACTICE
Question 1
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity
in community health?
A. Administering immunizations
B. Screening for hypertension
C. Providing rehabilitation services
D. Teaching self-care management for diabetes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing disease before it
occurs. Immunizations are a classic example of primary prevention.
Screening for hypertension and teaching diabetes management are
secondary and tertiary prevention respectively. Rehabilitation services
represent tertiary prevention .
,Question 2
A nurse is providing care to a client who is postoperative. Which
action is an example of evidence-based practice?
A. Performing a procedure based on tradition
B. Using a standardized clinical guideline for pain management
C. Following orders without question
D. Using personal experience to guide care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evidence-based practice (EBP) involves integrating the best
available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient
preferences. Using standardized clinical guidelines reflects EBP.
Tradition, unquestioning order-following, and personal experience
alone do not constitute evidence-based practice.
Question 3
The nurse is caring for a client with a terminal illness. Which
statement by the nurse demonstrates therapeutic communication?
A. "You will get better soon."
B. "I understand how you feel."
C. "Tell me more about what concerns you."
D. "You should not worry about dying."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Therapeutic communication uses open-ended questions to
encourage expression of feelings. "Tell me more about what concerns
you" is an open-ended question that invites the client to share
,concerns. False reassurance, assuming understanding, and
dismissing concerns are not therapeutic.
Question 4
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a client in the orientation
phase of a therapeutic relationship?
A. Setting mutually agreed-upon goals
B. Introducing oneself and discussing confidentiality
C. Planning for termination and discussing feelings
D. Working through resistance and transference
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The orientation phase is the beginning of the therapeutic
relationship. During this phase, the nurse introduces themselves,
establishes trust, discusses confidentiality, and sets expectations.
Setting goals occurs during the working phase, and termination
planning occurs during the resolution phase.
Question 5
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with impaired
mobility. Which is the most appropriate goal?
A. The client will walk independently by discharge
B. The client will ambulate 100 feet with a walker within 3 days
C. The client will use a wheelchair for mobility
D. The client will request assistance with ambulation
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Goals must be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic,
and time-bound (SMART). "Ambulate 100 feet with a walker within 3
days" is specific, measurable, and has a time frame. "Walk
independently" is unrealistic for a client with impaired mobility.
Question 6
The nurse notes that a client's wound is producing purulent drainage.
Which action is most appropriate?
A. Document and continue current care
B. Obtain a wound culture and notify the provider
C. Apply a dry sterile dressing
D. Irrigate the wound with normal saline
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Purulent drainage indicates infection. The nurse should
obtain a wound culture to identify the causative organism and notify
the healthcare provider for appropriate antibiotic therapy. Continuing
current care or dry dressing without addressing the infection is
inappropriate.
Question 7
A nurse is performing hand hygiene. How long should the nurse scrub
with soap and water?
A. 10 seconds
B. 15 seconds
C. 20 seconds
D. 30 seconds
Answers Verified Updated Set with
Detailed Rationales
SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
PRACTICE
Question 1
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention activity
in community health?
A. Administering immunizations
B. Screening for hypertension
C. Providing rehabilitation services
D. Teaching self-care management for diabetes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on preventing disease before it
occurs. Immunizations are a classic example of primary prevention.
Screening for hypertension and teaching diabetes management are
secondary and tertiary prevention respectively. Rehabilitation services
represent tertiary prevention .
,Question 2
A nurse is providing care to a client who is postoperative. Which
action is an example of evidence-based practice?
A. Performing a procedure based on tradition
B. Using a standardized clinical guideline for pain management
C. Following orders without question
D. Using personal experience to guide care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evidence-based practice (EBP) involves integrating the best
available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient
preferences. Using standardized clinical guidelines reflects EBP.
Tradition, unquestioning order-following, and personal experience
alone do not constitute evidence-based practice.
Question 3
The nurse is caring for a client with a terminal illness. Which
statement by the nurse demonstrates therapeutic communication?
A. "You will get better soon."
B. "I understand how you feel."
C. "Tell me more about what concerns you."
D. "You should not worry about dying."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Therapeutic communication uses open-ended questions to
encourage expression of feelings. "Tell me more about what concerns
you" is an open-ended question that invites the client to share
,concerns. False reassurance, assuming understanding, and
dismissing concerns are not therapeutic.
Question 4
Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a client in the orientation
phase of a therapeutic relationship?
A. Setting mutually agreed-upon goals
B. Introducing oneself and discussing confidentiality
C. Planning for termination and discussing feelings
D. Working through resistance and transference
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The orientation phase is the beginning of the therapeutic
relationship. During this phase, the nurse introduces themselves,
establishes trust, discusses confidentiality, and sets expectations.
Setting goals occurs during the working phase, and termination
planning occurs during the resolution phase.
Question 5
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with impaired
mobility. Which is the most appropriate goal?
A. The client will walk independently by discharge
B. The client will ambulate 100 feet with a walker within 3 days
C. The client will use a wheelchair for mobility
D. The client will request assistance with ambulation
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Goals must be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic,
and time-bound (SMART). "Ambulate 100 feet with a walker within 3
days" is specific, measurable, and has a time frame. "Walk
independently" is unrealistic for a client with impaired mobility.
Question 6
The nurse notes that a client's wound is producing purulent drainage.
Which action is most appropriate?
A. Document and continue current care
B. Obtain a wound culture and notify the provider
C. Apply a dry sterile dressing
D. Irrigate the wound with normal saline
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Purulent drainage indicates infection. The nurse should
obtain a wound culture to identify the causative organism and notify
the healthcare provider for appropriate antibiotic therapy. Continuing
current care or dry dressing without addressing the infection is
inappropriate.
Question 7
A nurse is performing hand hygiene. How long should the nurse scrub
with soap and water?
A. 10 seconds
B. 15 seconds
C. 20 seconds
D. 30 seconds
