BCBA Exam practice question with answers
Dependent Group Contingency - -The group's reinforcer is dependent on the
behavior of an individual or small group of individuals.
-Independent Group Contingency - -All members of a group are offered a
contingency, but only the individual's who meet the contingency earn the
reinforcement.
-Interdependent Group Contingency - -In order for the group to earn reinforcement,
all of the individuals in a group must meet the criterion of the established
contingency.
-Response Prompts - -Act on the response itself, NOT on the antecedent stimuli
(e.g. verbal, model, physical prompt).
-Stimulus Prompts - -Act on the antecedent stimuli, NOT on the response (e.g.
movement, position, redundancy).
-Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI) - -A procedure in which
behavior cannot be emitted simultaneously with the challenging behavior (e.g. the
behavior being reinforced and the behavior on extinction cannot occur at the same
time).
-Differential Reinforcement of Alternate Behavior (DRA) - -A procedure in which one
reinforces occurrence of behavior that provides a desirable alternative to the
problem behavior; alternate and challenging behavior are not incompatible.
-Differential Negative Reinforcement of Incompatible/Alternate Behavior
(DNRI/DNRA) - -Terms used to refer to differential reinforcement procedures that
specifically involve escape as the reinforcer.
-Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO) - -A procedure in which
reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the challenging behavior.
-Differential Reinforcement of High Rates of Responding (DRH) - -A schedule of
reinforcement that provides reinforcement for emitting behaviors that are at or
above a pre-established rate; helps to increase behaviors that are too infrequent.
-Differential Reinforcement of Diminishing Rates of Responding (DRD) - -A schedule
of reinforcement that provides reinforcement when the number of responses in a
specified time period is less than, or equal to, a prescribed limit; helps to decrease
behaviors that occur too frequently, but not eliminate it entirely.
-Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Responding (DRL) - -A schedule of
reinforcement that provides reinforcement only if the behavior occurs following a
specific period of time during which it did not occur or since the last time it
occurred; by increasing IRT, you are lowering rate of responding.
, -7 dimensions of ABA- Behavioral - -Observable events.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Applied - -Improves socially significant behaviors.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Technological - -Defines procedures clearly and in detail so
they are replicable.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Conceptually Systematic - -All procedures used should be
tied to the basic principles of behavior analysis from which they were derived.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Analytic - -A functional relationship is demonstrated.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Generality - -Extends behavior change across time, settings,
or other behaviors.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Effective - -Improves behavior in a practical manner, not
simply making a change that is statistically significant.
-Mentalism - -Approach to explaining behavior that assumes an inner dimension
exists and causes behavior (Freud)
-Hypothetical Constructs - -Presumed, but unobserved, entities (e.g. free will)
-Explanatory Fictions - -Fictitious variables that are another name for the observed
behavior; contribute nothing to an understanding of the variables responsible for
maintaining behavior (e.g. "knows", "wants").
-Circular Responding - -The cause and effect are both inferred from the same
information (e.g. he cried because he felt sad).
-Behaviorism - -The philosophy of the science of behavior; environmental (not
mentalistic) explanation of behavior.
-4 branches of behavior analysis - -1. Conceptual analysis of behavior
(behaviorism): examines philosophical, theoretical, historical, and methodological
issues.
2. ABA: technology for improving behavior.
3. Behavior service delivery: professional practice, consultation, etc.
4. Experimental analysis of behavior: research on basic processes and principles;
labs.
-Respondent Behavior - -Elicited by stimuli that immediately precede them;
involuntary; reflex.
-Respondent Conditioning - -When new stimuli acquire the ability to elicit
respondents
-Operant Behavior - -Any behavior whose probability of occurrence is determined
by its history of consequences; voluntary action; function.
Dependent Group Contingency - -The group's reinforcer is dependent on the
behavior of an individual or small group of individuals.
-Independent Group Contingency - -All members of a group are offered a
contingency, but only the individual's who meet the contingency earn the
reinforcement.
-Interdependent Group Contingency - -In order for the group to earn reinforcement,
all of the individuals in a group must meet the criterion of the established
contingency.
-Response Prompts - -Act on the response itself, NOT on the antecedent stimuli
(e.g. verbal, model, physical prompt).
-Stimulus Prompts - -Act on the antecedent stimuli, NOT on the response (e.g.
movement, position, redundancy).
-Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI) - -A procedure in which
behavior cannot be emitted simultaneously with the challenging behavior (e.g. the
behavior being reinforced and the behavior on extinction cannot occur at the same
time).
-Differential Reinforcement of Alternate Behavior (DRA) - -A procedure in which one
reinforces occurrence of behavior that provides a desirable alternative to the
problem behavior; alternate and challenging behavior are not incompatible.
-Differential Negative Reinforcement of Incompatible/Alternate Behavior
(DNRI/DNRA) - -Terms used to refer to differential reinforcement procedures that
specifically involve escape as the reinforcer.
-Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO) - -A procedure in which
reinforcement is contingent on the absence of the challenging behavior.
-Differential Reinforcement of High Rates of Responding (DRH) - -A schedule of
reinforcement that provides reinforcement for emitting behaviors that are at or
above a pre-established rate; helps to increase behaviors that are too infrequent.
-Differential Reinforcement of Diminishing Rates of Responding (DRD) - -A schedule
of reinforcement that provides reinforcement when the number of responses in a
specified time period is less than, or equal to, a prescribed limit; helps to decrease
behaviors that occur too frequently, but not eliminate it entirely.
-Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Responding (DRL) - -A schedule of
reinforcement that provides reinforcement only if the behavior occurs following a
specific period of time during which it did not occur or since the last time it
occurred; by increasing IRT, you are lowering rate of responding.
, -7 dimensions of ABA- Behavioral - -Observable events.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Applied - -Improves socially significant behaviors.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Technological - -Defines procedures clearly and in detail so
they are replicable.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Conceptually Systematic - -All procedures used should be
tied to the basic principles of behavior analysis from which they were derived.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Analytic - -A functional relationship is demonstrated.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Generality - -Extends behavior change across time, settings,
or other behaviors.
-7 dimensions of ABA- Effective - -Improves behavior in a practical manner, not
simply making a change that is statistically significant.
-Mentalism - -Approach to explaining behavior that assumes an inner dimension
exists and causes behavior (Freud)
-Hypothetical Constructs - -Presumed, but unobserved, entities (e.g. free will)
-Explanatory Fictions - -Fictitious variables that are another name for the observed
behavior; contribute nothing to an understanding of the variables responsible for
maintaining behavior (e.g. "knows", "wants").
-Circular Responding - -The cause and effect are both inferred from the same
information (e.g. he cried because he felt sad).
-Behaviorism - -The philosophy of the science of behavior; environmental (not
mentalistic) explanation of behavior.
-4 branches of behavior analysis - -1. Conceptual analysis of behavior
(behaviorism): examines philosophical, theoretical, historical, and methodological
issues.
2. ABA: technology for improving behavior.
3. Behavior service delivery: professional practice, consultation, etc.
4. Experimental analysis of behavior: research on basic processes and principles;
labs.
-Respondent Behavior - -Elicited by stimuli that immediately precede them;
involuntary; reflex.
-Respondent Conditioning - -When new stimuli acquire the ability to elicit
respondents
-Operant Behavior - -Any behavior whose probability of occurrence is determined
by its history of consequences; voluntary action; function.
