Clairekurenta

ReviewIconceptsIrelatedItoIanticholinergic IdrugsIandIthe Itreatment IforIasthma o (BlockIacetylcholineIbindingI(primarilyIinIlung)I->Ibronchodilation I through Idecreased Iparasympathetic I response ▪ Tiotropium,IIpratropium o Short-actingIbeta-adrenergicIagonistsI(SABA)I–IactivateIbeta IreceptorsIprimarilyIinItheIlungI->IbronchodilationIthrough IincreasedIsympatheticIresponse ▪ Albuterol o Oral IcorticosteroidsI–Iinhibit Iinflammatory IcellsIandIchemical IproductionI-&gt...

1.DefectsIinItheIencodingIofIhistone-modifyingIproteinsI(ChpI6IandI12IwkI1) HistoneImodificationI(e.g., IhistoneIacetylationIandIdeacetylation, IalterationsIinIchromatin):IChromatinIcompaction IandIorganizationIhelpItoIregulateIgeneIexpression, Idetermining IandImaintainingIcell Iidentity.IChromatinIstructure ImustIbeIcontrolledIinIself-renewing IandIdifferentiatedIcellsIinIcell Irenewal Isystems.IForIexample, IthereIare IdifferencesIinIchromatinIstructureIinIstemIcellsIandIterminallyIdiffer...

Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System Tara Morgan The primary function of the pulmonary system is the exchange of gases between the environmental air and the blood. • ○ Ventilation, the movement of air into and out of the lungs Diffusion, the movement of gases between air spaces in the lungs and the bloodstream ○ Perfusion, the movement of blood into and out of the capillary beds of the lungs to body organs and tissues ○ • There are three steps in this ...

1. ObjectivesIofIepidemiology a. UnderstandItheIaetiologyIorIcauseIofIaIdiseaseI(riskIfactors) b. FindIoutItheIextentIthatIaIdiseaseIorIhealthIproblemIaffectsIaIcommunityIor Ipopulation c. DetermineItheInatural IhistoryIorIprognosis d. EvaluateIexistingIandInewlyIdevelopedIpreventativeItherapeuticImeasuresIand ImodesIofIhealthcareIdelivery 2. Define, Icompare, Icalculate, IandIinterpretIMeasuresIofIMorbidity a. IncidenceIrate:ImeasurementIofItheInumberIofInewIindividualsIwhoIcontractIa ...

1. HowIdoesIcultureIinfluenceItheIdecisionsIaIproviderImayImakeIwhenIselectingIanIintervention? TheIveryIessenceIofIwhat IhealthIandIdiseaseIdenotesIcanIvaryIfromIcultureItoIculture. ITherefore, IthereIisIaIwide IspectrumIofIwhat IareIconsideredIappropriateIinterventions, IwhichImayInot IbeIcompatibleIwithIWestern Imedicine. IBasedIonItheIcultures' IperceptionsIofIdiseaseIcausation, Isymptomatology, IandIpathology, Iappropriate IinterventionsImayIdivergeIfromIWesternImedicine'sIapproach. ...

Epidemiologyi–iGreekiwords iepi,imeaningionioriupon;idemos,imeaningipeople,iandilogos, imeaningitheistudyiof.iEpidemiology iis itheistudy iofitheidistributioniandideterminants iofihealthirelatedistatesiorieventsiinispecifiedipopulationsianditheiapplicationiofithisistudyitoitheicontrol iof ihealthiproblems. Diseaseisurveillancei–iTheiprincipal inotificationisystemiinitheiUnitediSates iis itheiNational iNotifiableiDiseaseiSurveillanceiSystemi(NNDSS).iThis iis istateiandilocal ivital idatai...

Gordis definition of epidemiology (definition we'll use for this class) -Ans-Study of determinants and distribution of disease WHO definition of health -Ans-Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity Also include emotional, environmental, and occupational well-being Goal of public healthAns-Promote the health of the population through organized community efforts 3 assumptions of epidemiology -Ans--Disease, ill...

2. AreIyouIableItoIbothIdefineIandIapplyIkeyIterms, IsuchIas: Vital Istatistics-IquantitativeIdataIconcerningItheIpopulation, IsuchIasItheInumberIofIbirths, Imarriages, IandIdeaths. IMorbidity-ItheIconditionIofIbeingIdiseased;ItheIrateIofIdiseaseIinIaIpopulation. Mortality-ItheIstateIofIbeingIsubjectItoIdeath;IdeathIrate, IorItheInumberIofIdeathsIinIaIcertainIgroupIofIpeopleIinIaIcertainIperiodIof Itime. Cases- Social Ijustice-IjusticeIinItermsIofItheIdistributionIofIwealth, Iopportunities...

1. HowIdoesIcultureIinfluenceItheIdecisionsIaIproviderImayImakeIwhenIselectingIan Iintervention? HealthcareIprofessionalsIshouldIprovideIcareIthat IisIrespectful ItoItheIpatient’sIcultureIand IshouldIbeIculturallyIsensitive. IHealthcareIprofessionalsIneedItoIgainIknowledgeIabout Ithe Ipatient’sIculture, Itraditions, Ireligion, IandIbeliefsIinIorderIforItheIhealthcareIinterventions ItoImeet Iall IofItheIpatient’sIneedsIandIbeIsatisfactoryItoItheIpatient. TheILeininger’sITheoryIof IC...

1. The ipopulationiofia icityioniFebruaryi15, i2005, iwasi36,600. iTheicityihasiaipassive isurveillance isystemithaticollectsihospitaliandiprivate iphysicianireportsiofiinfluenza icasesieveryimonth. iDuringitheiperiodibetweeniJanuaryi1iandiAprili1, i2005, i2,200inewicasesiofiinfluenzaioccurrediin itheicity. iOfitheseicases, i775ipersonsiwere iilliwithiinfluenza iaccordingitoisurveillance ireportsion iAprili1, i2005. iTheiprevalenceirateiofiactiveiinfluenzaiasiofiAprili1, i2005, iwas: Correc...

1. Gastrectomy and Pernicious Anemia (Vit. B 12) Relationship a. The patient with a total gastrectomy does not secrete intrinsic factor, which is needed for cobalamin (vitamin B12) absorption 2. Endoscopy procedure-definition, nursing implications/complications a. A temperature elevation may indicate that a perforation has occurred after an endoscopy b. Endoscopy-> vomiting “coffee-ground” 3. UAP delegation 4. N/V causes and treatments a. Nausea is associated with severe pain; it ...

1. TypesiofiTraction Skin:iWeightsiattacheditoipatient’siskinitoidecreaseimuscleispamsiandiimmobilizeitheiextremity ibeforeisurgery.iExiBryantitractioni(forihipidysplasiaiinichildren)iandiBucki‘sitractioniforihip ifractureiiniadultipatients). Skeletal:iScrewsiareiinsertediintoibone.iUsediforilongiboneifracturesisuchiasifemur,itibia,ifibula, ihumerus,iulna,iradius,imetacarpals,iphalangesiandimetatarsals. Halo:iusediforicervicaliboneifractures.iNurseishouldimakeisureiwrenchitoireleaseiro...

1. Pacemakerisafety-MRI, ibatteryilife, ietc. a. MRIiisicontraindicatediforipatientsiwithiimplantedimetallicidevicesisuchiasipacemakers 2. DelegationitoiUAPiandiLVN 3. Dietichoicesa. Iron i. Eggi&iwholeigrain b. Folate c. B12 d. lowisodium i. Milkiandiyogurtinaturallyicontainiaisignificantiamountiofisodium e. lowifat i. 4. Medications: a. ACEiInhibitorsi(pril) i. ACEiinhibitorsicauseiretentioniofipotassiumibyitheikidney, isoihyperkalemiaiisia ipossible iadverse ieffect. ii. ACEiin...

GI tract Highlights: Mouth to Anus; ● Mouth: mastication and breakdown of starches by salivary amylase ● Pharyn and Esophagus: During swallowing, epiglottis closes oI laryn ; Upper ⅓ of esophagus is skeletal muscle and distal ⅔ is smooth muscle, LES ● Stomach: churning and mi ing food; intrinsic factors for B12 absorption; very little absorption happens; HCL acid makes gastric juices acidic 1.5-3.5, Pyloric sphincter to Duodenum ● Small Intestines: Duodenum, Jejunum, and Ileu...

Gastrointestinal: Learning Objectives: At the end of this class a student will be able to: 1. Define key terms related to Gastrointestinal system: a. Borborygmi- Waves of loud, gurgling sounds Hyperactive bowel as a result of eating b. Hematemesis- Vomiting Blood Esophageal varices, bleeding peptic ulcer c. Melena- Abnormal black tarry stool, containing digested blood Cancer, bleeding in the upper GI tract from ulcers, varices d. Steatorrhea- Fatty, frothy, foul smelling stool Chronic...

WateriContentiofitheiBody • 2/3iofiwateriisiintracellularifluidiinitheicells • 1/3iofiwateriisiiniextracellularifluidioutsideioficells • Moreifatiinitheibodyitheilessiwater • 1iLiofiwateri=2.2ilbs • 3-6iLiofifluidiisisecretediiniandireabsorbedifromiGIieveryday • Fluidivolumeioveriload:iassesiforiedemaicrackle,itheibloodipressureiwouldiincrease,ianditheisatiwill ilower • BodyifluidiCompartments o Interstitial-theifluidiinitheispacesibetweenicells o Intravasculari(plasma)-i...

VitaliSigns Me: Iiwillinowibeitakingiyourivitalisigns. checkitemperature o beforeicheckingitheitemp, iaskiifipatientihadianythingihotioricolditoidrink, iorismokediinitheilasti30imins checkitheipulseioximetry takeitheibloodipressure o askiifipatientiknowsitheiriusualibloodipressureimeasurement checkirespirations o countifori30isecondsiandimultipleibyi2 Skini&iNails Me: I’migonnaigoiaheadiandistartiwithiyouriskin. Skinicoloriisiappropriateitoiethnicity. Thereiareinoisignsiofiles...

Arterial < I Heart IpumpsIoxygenated Iblood Ithrough IarteriesItoIall IbodyItissues < INoIpulse/1+Ipulse < I Occlusions < I Pallor: Isecondary ItoIischemia, Icaused Iby IlackIofIblood Iflow < IUlcersIat ItipsIofItoes < IHIGH-PRESSUREISYSTEM < IStrong < I Tough artery Iwall Icharacteristics < ITense < I elastic Ifibers: IallowIwall Ito Istretch IwithIsystole Iand Irecoil IwithIdiastole < I muscleIfibers: IcontrolIbloodIdeliveredItoItissues * VSMI(va...

Jarvis:IPhysical IExaminationI&IHealthIAssessment,I7thIEditionI1.WhichIstatementIisItrue IregardingItheIarterial Isystem? TheIarterial IsystemIisIaIhigh-pressureIsystem. TheInurseIisIreviewingItheIbloodIsupplyItoItheIarm.ITheImajorIarteryIsupplyingItheIarmIisItheI_ Iartery. Brachial TheInurseIisIpreparingItoIassessItheIdorsalisIpedisIartery.IWhereIisItheIcorrectIlocationIfor Ipalpation? Lateral ItoItheIextensorItendonIofItheIgreatItoe AI65-year-old Ipatient Iis Iexperiencing Ipain Iin I...

1. Defineisubjectiveiandiobjectiveidata. iGiveithreeiexamplesiofieachiandistateiifitheifindingsiare idocumentediinitheihistoryioriphysicaliexaminationifindings. • SubjectiveiData iwhatitheipersonisaysiaboutihimselfioriherselfiduringitheiphysical iexamination;isymptomiisiaisubjectiveisensationsithatitheipersoniisifeeling; o Examples:iitching, ipain, ifeelingsiofiworry, inausea, idepression, ifatigue, ianxiety, loneliness, ietc. • ObjectiveiData iwhatitheiyouiasitheihealthiprofessionalio...